US3603141A - Devices for estimating the stress in concrete structures - Google Patents

Devices for estimating the stress in concrete structures Download PDF

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Publication number
US3603141A
US3603141A US888306A US3603141DA US3603141A US 3603141 A US3603141 A US 3603141A US 888306 A US888306 A US 888306A US 3603141D A US3603141D A US 3603141DA US 3603141 A US3603141 A US 3603141A
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United States
Prior art keywords
concrete
stress
bore
deflection
estimating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US888306A
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English (en)
Inventor
Alfred Norman Kinkead
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UK Atomic Energy Authority
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UK Atomic Energy Authority
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by UK Atomic Energy Authority filed Critical UK Atomic Energy Authority
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Publication of US3603141A publication Critical patent/US3603141A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C13/00—Pressure vessels; Containment vessels; Containment in general
    • G21C13/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. mechanical strain gauge
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
    • G21C17/003—Remote inspection of vessels, e.g. pressure vessels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • a reinforced-concrete structure is provided with a bore extending into the concrete mass from one face and an annular member, whose deflection in terms of applied stress is known, set in the wall of the bore, the member having a linear dimension measurable from within the bore which is indicative ofthe deflection DEVICES FOR ESTIMATING THE STRESS IN CONCRETE STRUCTURES BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • This invention relates to concrete structures which operate under stress.
  • the invention chiefly relates to concrete pressure vessels which have been prestressed to eliminate, as far as is practicable, the formation of tensile stresses.
  • the specification will describe the invention in terms of its application to prestressed-concrete pressure vessels.
  • Prestressed-concrete pressure vessels are usually instrumented heavily, even when the particular design in not a novel one, with the object of obtaining information about stresses which develop in the wall under various mechanical and thermal loads and of monitoring the effectiveness of the prestressing system.
  • As a result of this need to monitor stresses in massive concrete it has been common practice, hitherto, to use embedded strain gauges at various parts of the concrete from which, one can calculate the stress, knowing the modulus. The validity of this method depends upon the modulus remaining substantially constant. However it can be shown that this value varies widely during the life of the concrete. It is evident, therefore, that advantage is to be gained if the stress in the concrete be measured directly and if this measurement can be monitored while the pressure vessel is in use.
  • a reinforced-concrete structure is provided with a bore extending into the concrete mass from one face thereof and an annular member set in the wall of the bore, an annular member whose deflection in terms of applied stress is known, the member having a linear dimension measurable from within the bore which is indicative of the deflection.
  • FIG. I a medial cross section through a bore in a massive structure which forms part of a prestressed concrete pressure vessel
  • FIG. 2 a cross section on the line IIlI of FIG. 1.
  • the bore 1 extends through the concrete wall 2 being closed on the inner face of the vessel by the vessel liner 3 carrying the usual heat insulation 4.
  • a collar 5 which has a number of stud fastenings for securing a closure plate not shown.
  • the bore wall is lined throughout its length with a steel thimble 6. Attention is directed to two enlarged-diameter portions of the bore namely at axially spaced positions 7 and 8.
  • annular member At each enlarged-diameter portion an annular member is set into the wall of the bore.
  • the annular member comprises two resilient elliptical rings, 9, 10 fixed together in planes at right angles and whose deflection in terms of applied stress in known.
  • the inner surface of each elliptical ring is shaped as a knife edge as at 9a, 10a, providing reference surfaces from which diametric measurements may be made to gain an indication of deflections of the rings and hence of the surrounding concrete.
  • a number of hooks, as at 11 are welded to the periphery of the rings.
  • the annular members may be assembled in a preformed thimble which is placed in position in preparation for concreting; as it is laid, cover plates fitted over the outer mouth of the thimble will ensure cleanliness of the interior until and after the concrete has set.
  • cover plate is removed and a pair of precision calipers is inserted within the thimble into a position adjacent the annular member and the calipers expanded to measure the diametric distances between the knife edges.
  • a dial gauge transducer or other measurement device may be set up within the thimble to measure any deflection of the annular members, and this may be trans mitted to a data logger, located at some central position, receiving similar information from bores at other positions in the structure. In this way the whole stress patterns in the concrete structure could be continuously monitored.
  • single circular annular rings may be employed at each measuring point in place of the crossed elliptical rings described, with considerable simplification to the thimble unit and to the measuring device.
  • a reinforced-concrete structure having a bore extending into the concrete mass from one face thereof and a member set into the bore wall comprising two rings lying in intersecting planes at right angles to one another, the rings being joined together where they intersect, the deflection of the member in terms of applied stress being known such that deflection measurements can provide a measure of stress within the concrete.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
US888306A 1969-01-10 1969-12-29 Devices for estimating the stress in concrete structures Expired - Lifetime US3603141A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB173169 1969-01-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3603141A true US3603141A (en) 1971-09-07

Family

ID=9727009

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US888306A Expired - Lifetime US3603141A (en) 1969-01-10 1969-12-29 Devices for estimating the stress in concrete structures

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3603141A (ru)
BE (1) BE744065A (ru)
CH (1) CH516140A (ru)
DE (1) DE1965814A1 (ru)
FR (1) FR2028101A1 (ru)
GB (1) GB1233691A (ru)
LU (1) LU60153A1 (ru)
NL (1) NL7000294A (ru)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT388615B (de) * 1983-02-09 1989-08-10 Holzmann Philipp Ag Vorrichtung zur messung der schnittgroessen in tunnelauskleidungen
EP1830181A1 (en) * 2006-03-02 2007-09-05 Igor Gennadievich Korolev Method of reinforced concrete roof or floor carrying capacity monitoring
WO2011060214A1 (en) * 2009-11-13 2011-05-19 Smart Structures, Inc. Integrity monitored concrete pilings
US20180120284A1 (en) * 2016-07-08 2018-05-03 Tsinghua University Concrete temperature stress testing machine system and temperature deformation self-compensation method

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1670981A (en) * 1925-12-01 1928-05-22 Wayne A Perkins Device for stress measuring or testing
US2898761A (en) * 1954-01-20 1959-08-11 Hast Nils Bernhard Ascertaining stresses and deformations in solid loaded materials
US3132319A (en) * 1963-08-30 1964-05-05 Budd Co Transducer arrangement
US3273382A (en) * 1963-08-20 1966-09-20 Raymond L Fonash Apparatus to determine horizontal and vertical loads in landing gear of aircraft
US3447367A (en) * 1967-04-19 1969-06-03 Gen Electric Load cell with removable,low hysteresis load sensors

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1670981A (en) * 1925-12-01 1928-05-22 Wayne A Perkins Device for stress measuring or testing
US2898761A (en) * 1954-01-20 1959-08-11 Hast Nils Bernhard Ascertaining stresses and deformations in solid loaded materials
US3273382A (en) * 1963-08-20 1966-09-20 Raymond L Fonash Apparatus to determine horizontal and vertical loads in landing gear of aircraft
US3132319A (en) * 1963-08-30 1964-05-05 Budd Co Transducer arrangement
US3447367A (en) * 1967-04-19 1969-06-03 Gen Electric Load cell with removable,low hysteresis load sensors

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT388615B (de) * 1983-02-09 1989-08-10 Holzmann Philipp Ag Vorrichtung zur messung der schnittgroessen in tunnelauskleidungen
EP1830181A1 (en) * 2006-03-02 2007-09-05 Igor Gennadievich Korolev Method of reinforced concrete roof or floor carrying capacity monitoring
WO2011060214A1 (en) * 2009-11-13 2011-05-19 Smart Structures, Inc. Integrity monitored concrete pilings
US20110115639A1 (en) * 2009-11-13 2011-05-19 Smart Structures, Inc. Integrity monitored concrete pilings
US20180120284A1 (en) * 2016-07-08 2018-05-03 Tsinghua University Concrete temperature stress testing machine system and temperature deformation self-compensation method
US10060901B2 (en) * 2016-07-08 2018-08-28 Tsinghua University Concrete temperature stress testing machine system and temperature deformation self-compensation method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2028101A1 (ru) 1970-10-09
BE744065A (fr) 1970-06-15
GB1233691A (ru) 1971-05-26
CH516140A (de) 1971-11-30
LU60153A1 (ru) 1970-03-09
NL7000294A (ru) 1970-07-14
DE1965814A1 (de) 1970-07-23

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