US3599653A - Negative feedback fluidic oscillator - Google Patents

Negative feedback fluidic oscillator Download PDF

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US3599653A
US3599653A US3599653DA US3599653A US 3599653 A US3599653 A US 3599653A US 3599653D A US3599653D A US 3599653DA US 3599653 A US3599653 A US 3599653A
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jet
power
passageways
nozzle
passageway
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Bobby J Clayton
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US Department of Army
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US Department of Army
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15C—FLUID-CIRCUIT ELEMENTS PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR COMPUTING OR CONTROL PURPOSES
    • F15C1/00—Circuit elements having no moving parts
    • F15C1/08—Boundary-layer devices, e.g. wall-attachment amplifiers coanda effect
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/206—Flow affected by fluid contact, energy field or coanda effect [e.g., pure fluid device or system]
    • Y10T137/2229—Device including passages having V over T configuration
    • Y10T137/2234—And feedback passage[s] or path[s]

Definitions

  • a supersonic fluid power-jet flows into an overexpanded divergent nozzle.
  • a control flow against one side of the jet splits, passes around, and impinges on the opposite side of the jet.
  • the jet therefore is deflected in the direction from whence the control flowcame, rather than being deflected in the normal opposite direction.
  • Two output passageways are provided, one on each side of a longitudinal axis of the power-jet, with a control flow taken from each output. Each control flow is applied to the power-jet on an opposite side of the axis from the output from which the control flow is taken.
  • NEGATIVE FEEDBACK FLUIDIC OSCILLATOR BACKGROUND or THE INVENTION This invention is in the field of fluidic oscillators.
  • Various types of fluidic oscillators are known, such as the sonic oscillator.
  • Various other types of fluidic oscillators are shown in'U.S.
  • a fluidic oscillator using negative feedback is the invention.
  • a supersonic power-jet of the oscillator passes through an overexpanded divergent nozzle.
  • a control flow applied to the power-jet splits, passes around the jet, and impinges on the opposite'side of the jet, rather than penetrating the jet.
  • the power-jet is therefore deflectedin the direction from whence the control flow comes, rather than the normal opposite direction.
  • the control flows are taken from outputs opposite the sides of the power-jet to which they are applied.
  • FIG. 1 shows a top plan view of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a partial side view of the invention taken in the direction 2-2 as shown on FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 of the drawings shows a power-jet passageway 1 connected to a divergent nozzle 9.
  • Control flow passageways 3 and 4 communicate with opposite sides of nozzle 9.
  • the nozzle communicates with one end of a receiving chamber 5.
  • Splitter 6 is at the opposite end of the receiving chamber and has output passageways 7 and 8 on opposite sides thereof. Connected respectively to passageways 7 and 8 are ends 4a and 3a of passageways 3 and 4.
  • a power-jet from passageway l enters one of output passageways 7 or 8.
  • a corresponding control flow is thereby established in a respective one of passageways 4 or 3.
  • the power-jet flow is supersonic.
  • expansion nozzle 11 exists between passageway 1 and conical nozzle 9. Nozzle 11 is overexpanded for the power-jet used.
  • the power-jet is of such a flow rate that it does not expand sufficiently to fill the space between the upper and lower walls of 9 (as seen on FIG; 2).
  • a control flow from one of passageways 3 or 4 enters nozzle.2, splits, passes around the power-jet, and impinges on the power-jet from the opposite side.
  • the powerjet therefore moves in the direction from which the control flow comes. Obviously, this is in the opposite direction from the direction that a power-jet normally moves in response to a control flow.
  • the power-jet then switches from one to the other of passageways 7 and 8, and a control flow is established in the corresponding one of control passageways 3 and 4.
  • the oscillator oscillates at a frequency determined by the input (power-jet) pressure, volume, and by feedback geometry.
  • the overexpanded divergent nozzle 11 may in fact be a standard (otf-the-shelf) item, but operating at a reduced pressure. A sufficient pressure reduction results in a'power-jet which does not fill the vertical dimension of cone 9 (as seen in FIG. 2). Obviously, the power-jet does not fill cone 9 in its horizontal dimension (as seen in FIG. 1), in accordance with the usual fluidic practice.
  • passageways 3 and 4 need to be curved to pass around passageways 7 and 8.
  • the output of the invention may be taken from either output passageways 7 and 8 or control flow passageways 3 and 4.
  • the inventive oscillator is generally symmetrical about a longitudinal axis 10.
  • a negative feedback fluidic oscillator having a longitudinal axis and including a power-jet passageway; an overexpanded divergent nozzle communicating with said passageway; a receiving chamber communicating at one end with said nozzle whereby a power-jet from said power-jet passageway attains a supersonic velocity in said receiving chamber; a spliter at the opposite end of said chamber; first and second output passageways on opposite sides of said spliter and said axis; first and second control passageways each having two ends, with one end of each of said control passageways communicating with a respective output passageway, and the other end communicating with said nozzle on an opposite side of said axis from the output passageway towhich each of said-one ends communicates, wherein said receiving chamber, said nozzle, and said other end of each of said control passageways have surfaces defined by two planes parallel to each other and to said axis, and wherein said power-jet expands to a size less than the distance between said two planes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

A supersonic fluid power-jet flows into an overexpanded divergent nozzle. A control flow against one side of the jet splits, passes around, and impinges on the opposite side of the jet. The jet therefore is deflected in the direction from whence the control flow came, rather than being deflected in the normal opposite direction. Two output passageways are provided, one on each side of a longitudinal axis of the power-jet, with a control flow taken from each output. Each control flow is applied to the power-jet on an opposite side of the axis from the output from which the control flow is taken.

Description

1 United States Patent 3,185,166 5/1965 Hortonetal Assignee Inventor Bobby J. Clayton Huntsville, Ala.
Appl. No. 862,209
Filed Sept. 30, 1969 Patented Aug. 17, 1971 The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army NEGATIVE FEEDBACK FLUIDIC OSCILLATOR 2 Claims, 2 Drawing Figs.
3,444,879 5/1969 McLeod,Jr.
4/1970 Campagnuoloet al ABSTRACT: A supersonic fluid power-jet flows into an overexpanded divergent nozzle. A control flow against one side of the jet splits, passes around, and impinges on the opposite side of the jet. The jet therefore is deflected in the direction from whence the control flowcame, rather than being deflected in the normal opposite direction. Two output passageways are provided, one on each side of a longitudinal axis of the power-jet, with a control flow taken from each output. Each control flow is applied to the power-jet on an opposite side of the axis from the output from which the control flow is taken.
Clayton, INVENTOR fi m 3 a Lw Bobby J FIG. I
PATENTEII III I 1 m FIG. 2
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK FLUIDIC OSCILLATOR BACKGROUND or THE INVENTION This invention is in the field of fluidic oscillators. Various types of fluidic oscillators are known, such as the sonic oscillator. Various other types of fluidic oscillators are shown in'U.S.
Pat. Nos. 3,204,652 of Sept. 7, 1965; 3,238,960 of Mar. 8,
. tive. feedback. One exception for amplifier feedback is found in US. Pat. No. 3,030,979 of Apr. 24, 1962, wherein an induction amplifier is shown. In the induction amplifier, the power-jet deflects toward thecontrol flow, opposite to the usual deflection direction. The instant'invention differs from the known fluidic oscillators by employing negative feedback, but without using induction amplifier techniques.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A fluidic oscillator using negative feedback is the invention. A supersonic power-jet of the oscillator passes through an overexpanded divergent nozzle. A control flow applied to the power-jet splits, passes around the jet, and impinges on the opposite'side of the jet, rather than penetrating the jet. The power-jet is therefore deflectedin the direction from whence the control flow comes, rather than the normal opposite direction. The control flows are taken from outputs opposite the sides of the power-jet to which they are applied.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a top plan view of the invention. FIG. 2 shows a partial side view of the invention taken in the direction 2-2 as shown on FIG. 1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT FIG. 1 of the drawings shows a power-jet passageway 1 connected to a divergent nozzle 9. Control flow passageways 3 and 4 communicate with opposite sides of nozzle 9. The nozzle communicates with one end of a receiving chamber 5. Splitter 6 is at the opposite end of the receiving chamber and has output passageways 7 and 8 on opposite sides thereof. Connected respectively to passageways 7 and 8 are ends 4a and 3a of passageways 3 and 4.
In operation, a power-jet from passageway l enters one of output passageways 7 or 8. A corresponding control flow is thereby established in a respective one of passageways 4 or 3. The power-jet flow is supersonic. As can be seen in FIG. 2, an
expansion nozzle 11 exists between passageway 1 and conical nozzle 9. Nozzle 11 is overexpanded for the power-jet used. The power-jet is of such a flow rate that it does not expand sufficiently to fill the space between the upper and lower walls of 9 (as seen on FIG; 2). A control flow from one of passageways 3 or 4 enters nozzle.2, splits, passes around the power-jet, and impinges on the power-jet from the opposite side. The powerjet therefore moves in the direction from which the control flow comes. Obviously, this is in the opposite direction from the direction that a power-jet normally moves in response to a control flow. The power-jet then switches from one to the other of passageways 7 and 8, and a control flow is established in the corresponding one of control passageways 3 and 4. The oscillator oscillates at a frequency determined by the input (power-jet) pressure, volume, and by feedback geometry. The overexpanded divergent nozzle 11 may in fact be a standard (otf-the-shelf) item, but operating at a reduced pressure. A sufficient pressure reduction results in a'power-jet which does not fill the vertical dimension of cone 9 (as seen in FIG. 2). Obviously, the power-jet does not fill cone 9 in its horizontal dimension (as seen in FIG. 1), in accordance with the usual fluidic practice.
It should be understood that passageways 3 and 4 need to be curved to pass around passageways 7 and 8. The output of the invention may be taken from either output passageways 7 and 8 or control flow passageways 3 and 4. As can be seen, the inventive oscillator is generally symmetrical about a longitudinal axis 10.
I claim: v I
l. A negative feedback fluidic oscillator having a longitudinal axis and including a power-jet passageway; an overexpanded divergent nozzle communicating with said passageway; a receiving chamber communicating at one end with said nozzle whereby a power-jet from said power-jet passageway attains a supersonic velocity in said receiving chamber; a spliter at the opposite end of said chamber; first and second output passageways on opposite sides of said spliter and said axis; first and second control passageways each having two ends, with one end of each of said control passageways communicating with a respective output passageway, and the other end communicating with said nozzle on an opposite side of said axis from the output passageway towhich each of said-one ends communicates, wherein said receiving chamber, said nozzle, and said other end of each of said control passageways have surfaces defined by two planes parallel to each other and to said axis, and wherein said power-jet expands to a size less than the distance between said two planes.
2. The oscillator as defined in claim 1, wherein said other ends of said control passageways'communicate with said nozzle at a position along said axis to allow a flow in either one the control passageways to split and pass around said power-jet,
and impinge on the power-jet from the opposite side, and thereby deflect the power-jet in the direction from whence the control came.

Claims (2)

1. A negative feedback fluidic oscillator having a longitudinal axis and including a power-jet passageway; an overexpanded divergent nozzle communicating with said passageway; a receiving chamber communicating at one end with said nozzle whereby a power-jet from said power-jet passageway attains a supersonic velocity in said receiving chamber; a spliter at the opposite end of said chamber; first and second output passageways on opposite sides of said spliter and said axis; first and second control passageways each having two ends, with one end of each of said control passageways communicating with a respective output passageway, and the other end communicating with said nozzle on an opposite side of said axis from the output passageway to which each of said one ends communicates, wherein said receiving chamber, said nozzle, and said other end of each of said control passageways have surfaces defined by two planes parallel to each other and to said axis, and wherein said power-jet expands to a size less than the distance between said two planes.
2. The oscillator as defined in claim 1, wherein said other ends of said control passageways communicate with said nozzle at a position along said axis to allow a flow in either one the control passageways to split and pass around said power-jet, and impinge on the power-jet from the opposite side, and thereby deflect the power-jet in the direction from whence the control came.
US3599653D 1969-09-30 1969-09-30 Negative feedback fluidic oscillator Expired - Lifetime US3599653A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3902367A (en) * 1973-04-05 1975-09-02 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Flowmeters
US20040031485A1 (en) * 2002-08-19 2004-02-19 Andre Rustad Small volume nebulizer
US11739517B2 (en) 2019-05-17 2023-08-29 Kohler Co. Fluidics devices for plumbing fixtures

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3185166A (en) * 1960-04-08 1965-05-25 Billy M Horton Fluid oscillator
US3444879A (en) * 1967-06-09 1969-05-20 Corning Glass Works Fluid pulsed oscillator
US3504691A (en) * 1966-11-18 1970-04-07 Us Army Fluidic oscillatory system insensitive to pressure and tempera

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3185166A (en) * 1960-04-08 1965-05-25 Billy M Horton Fluid oscillator
US3504691A (en) * 1966-11-18 1970-04-07 Us Army Fluidic oscillatory system insensitive to pressure and tempera
US3444879A (en) * 1967-06-09 1969-05-20 Corning Glass Works Fluid pulsed oscillator

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3902367A (en) * 1973-04-05 1975-09-02 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Flowmeters
US20040031485A1 (en) * 2002-08-19 2004-02-19 Andre Rustad Small volume nebulizer
US7267120B2 (en) 2002-08-19 2007-09-11 Allegiance Corporation Small volume nebulizer
US11739517B2 (en) 2019-05-17 2023-08-29 Kohler Co. Fluidics devices for plumbing fixtures
US11987969B2 (en) 2019-05-17 2024-05-21 Kohler Co. Fluidics devices for plumbing fixtures

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