US359926A - Steam-engine - Google Patents

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US359926A
US359926A US359926DA US359926A US 359926 A US359926 A US 359926A US 359926D A US359926D A US 359926DA US 359926 A US359926 A US 359926A
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valve
arm
steam
pivoted
lever
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01BMACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B17/00Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by use of uniflow principle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/08Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor
    • F15B11/12Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor providing distinct intermediate positions; with step-by-step action

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  • Patented Mm 22, 1887.
  • My invention relates to the class of engines known as liberating cut-off, and has for its object to so simplify and improve the construction and arrangement of the parts which control the taking and exhausting of steam that I am enabled, first, to use two valves only, thus dispensing with two valves heretofore deemed indispensable in this class of engines-that is to say, instead of taking steam by two valves and exhausting by two independent valves, I use but two valves, each of which both takes and exhausts steam; and, secondly, of increasing the revolutions of the engine, so that I am enabled to develop any predetermined power in a smaller-sized engine than has heretofore been capable of developing such predetermined power.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevation of an engine, illustrating my invention as applied in connection with a slidevalve, one of the valvechests being in vertical section;
  • Fig. 2 a plan view of the cylinder and a portion of the bed-plate, one of the valve-chests being in horizontal section;
  • Fig. 3, a side elevation on an enlarged scale, illustrating my invention as applied in connection with an oscillating valve, the valvegcar being identical in both constructions;
  • Fig. 4 an enlarged detail view of the liberating mechanism;
  • Fig. 5 a side view correspond ing with Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6, a detail view of the counterweight and parts operating in connection therewith;
  • Fig. 7, a vertical longitudinal section of the cylinder, illustrating the manner in which the valves take and exhaust steam, the position of the leftor inner valve (No model).
  • Fig. 8 is a diagram illus- 5 trating the extremes of oscillation of the crescent arm and the parts operating in connection therewith.
  • 1 is the hed-plate of the engine; 2, the cylinder; 3, valve-chests; 4, the crank-disk; 5, the connecting-rod; 6, the crosshead block which slides in guide-bars 7; 8, the governor; 9, the governor-lever; 10, the eccentric; 11, the eccentric-rod, and 12 a belt extending from a pulley on the crank-shaft to a pulley, 13, on a short shaft, through which rotation is imparted to the governor-shaft. All of these parts may he of the usual or any preferred construct-ion, as the special construction thereof in no way affects the operation of my invention.
  • valve 14 is the valve-operating shafnwhich passes through the bonnet or cover 15 of the valve, and 16 is an arm, ordinarily of crescent form, and preferably journaled upon the valve-operating shaft.
  • the crescent armslG are curved upwardly and toward each other, as is clearly shown, and their upper ends are connected by a link, 17.
  • a similar link, 18, extends backward from the inner valve, and is pivoted to the lower end of cccentricrod arm 19, the cocentricrod being pivoted to said arm, as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 3.
  • the singular number will be used in the description.
  • the crab-claw 20 is a crab-claw pivoted to the crescent 9 arm.
  • the arm of the crab-claw curves downward, and is engaged by a lug or teat, 21, upon a sleeve, 22, which turns freely on the valveoperating shaft, as will be more fully explained.
  • Thislatch is a liberating latch provided with a shoulder, 24. Thislatch is made integral. with the crab-claw, or maybe attached thereto, if preferred.
  • This rod 24 is a rod pivoted to the crab-claw under the liberating-latch. This rod is preferably pivoted in a recess in the crab-claw, as clearly shown in Fig. 4..
  • 25 is a sliding block guided by rod 24, said block being pivoted to the upper arm of a bell-crank lever, 26; which is rigidly secured to the valve operating shaft.
  • 27 is an arm projecting downward from sleeve 22 on the valve-operating shaft.
  • a link, 32 connects arm 27 on the operating-shaft of the inner valve to a similar arm upon the operatingshaft of the outer valve.
  • the arm upon the outer valve projects upward, instead of downward, as is of course necessary in order to effect a perfect timing of the mechamsm.
  • Rod 33 is a rod pivoted to the lower arm of hellcrank lever 26,which carries acounter'weight, 34, adapted to move within a box or casing, 35, upon the bed-plate.
  • Rod 33 passes loosely through the weight, the latter being held on the rod by a collar, 36.
  • the weight is provided with a central recess, 37, to receive a spring, 38, one end of the spring being adapted to bear on the bottom of the recess and the other against a collar, 39, on the rod.
  • the crab-claw is. of course carried with it, the curvature, of the arm of the crabclaw being such that it will ride down on the opposite side of the lug or teat, and will per-1 mit the latch to engage the sliding block again,
  • a spring, 40 is provided at the base of the latch, to prevent the block from coming forcibly in contact withthe latch, and also to hold it in engagement with the shoulder, the block being held in engagement with the latch during the exhaust-that is, during the movement of the bell-crank lever toward the right, and until it is again released bythe lug or teat 1 during the movement. toward the left, these movements being continuously repeated. It will of course be apparent from what has al ready been said that the instant at which the As the crescent arm moves toward the right from the position shown i IQO.
  • valve-operating shaft will have a greater oscillation before the lug or teat will come in contact with the arm of the crab-claw, and cause the latch to release the block and the steam to be cut off.
  • the engine illustrated in the drawings commences to take steam in the left valve, for example, the instant the crescent arm and valve-operating shaft move toward the left from the intermediate position in which the parts are shown in Fig. 3, the piston being at this instant at the extreme left of its stroke.
  • the piston now begins to move toward the right, and the movement of the crescent arm, bell-crank lever 26, and the valve-operating shaft toward the left continues until the arm of the crab-claw engages the teat on sleeve 22.
  • valve-operating shaft,lever 26,block 25, and arm 16 having a crab-claw with latch 23 pivoted thereto, in combination with teat 21, rod 33, having collars, as shown, counterweight 34, and spring 35, whereby the parts are held in operative position during the exhaust.
  • valveoperating shaft having a lever, 26, secured thereto, a pivoted block carried by said lever, and sleeve 22, having teat 21, in combination with an arm, 16, journaled on said shaft, 21.
  • crab-claw pivoted to said arm which is adapted to engage the teat,and is provided with a pivoted rod, 24", which carries IIO the block, and a latch, 23, adapted to engage said block, substantially as described.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanically-Actuated Valves (AREA)

Description

. 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.
(No Model.)
W. S, HALSEY;
STEAM ENGINE.
Patented Mar. 22, 1887.
'4 Sheets-Sheet 2.
Patented Mm; 22, 1887.
1 m E v WW v \\Q W. SJHALSEY.
STEAM ENGINE.
(No Model.)
w 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.
(No Model.)
W. S. HALSEY. STEAM ENGINE.
Patented Mar. 22. 1887.
4 Sheets Sheet 4.
(No Model.)
W. s. HALSEY.
STEAM ENGINE.
Patented Mar; 22, 1887.
NV PETERS, Phaluhlhcgraphnr. wasmu mn. 0.4:.
. UNITED STATES PATENT anion.
\VILLIAM S. HALSEY, OF BRIDGEFORT, CONNECTICUT.
STEAM-ENGINE.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 359,926, dated March 22, 1887.
Application filed September 24, 1886. Serial No, 214,418.
To aZZ whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, WILLIAM S. HALSEY, a citizen of the United States,'residing at Bridgeport, in the county of 'Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.
My invention relates to the class of engines known as liberating cut-off, and has for its object to so simplify and improve the construction and arrangement of the parts which control the taking and exhausting of steam that I am enabled, first, to use two valves only, thus dispensing with two valves heretofore deemed indispensable in this class of engines-that is to say, instead of taking steam by two valves and exhausting by two independent valves, I use but two valves, each of which both takes and exhausts steam; and, secondly, of increasing the revolutions of the engine, so that I am enabled to develop any predetermined power in a smaller-sized engine than has heretofore been capable of developing such predetermined power. Vith these ends in view I have devised the novel construction of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, numbers being used to indicate the several parts.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of an engine, illustrating my invention as applied in connection with a slidevalve, one of the valvechests being in vertical section; Fig. 2, a plan view of the cylinder and a portion of the bed-plate, one of the valve-chests being in horizontal section; Fig. 3, a side elevation on an enlarged scale, illustrating my invention as applied in connection with an oscillating valve, the valvegcar being identical in both constructions; Fig. 4, an enlarged detail view of the liberating mechanism; Fig. 5, a side view correspond ing with Fig. 4; Fig. 6, a detail view of the counterweight and parts operating in connection therewith; Fig. 7, a vertical longitudinal section of the cylinder, illustrating the manner in which the valves take and exhaust steam, the position of the leftor inner valve (No model).
haust position; and Fig. 8 is a diagram illus- 5 trating the extremes of oscillation of the crescent arm and the parts operating in connection therewith.
1 is the hed-plate of the engine; 2, the cylinder; 3, valve-chests; 4, the crank-disk; 5, the connecting-rod; 6, the crosshead block which slides in guide-bars 7; 8, the governor; 9, the governor-lever; 10, the eccentric; 11, the eccentric-rod, and 12 a belt extending from a pulley on the crank-shaft to a pulley, 13, on a short shaft, through which rotation is imparted to the governor-shaft. All of these parts may he of the usual or any preferred construct-ion, as the special construction thereof in no way affects the operation of my invention.
As slated above, my invention is equally adapted to sliding or oscillating valves. In Figs. 1 and 2 I have illustrated its application to an ordinary slide-valve, and in Figs. 3 and 4 to an ordinary oscillating valve. As the special construction of these valves forms no portion of my present invention, it is not deemed necessary to describe them in detail.
14 is the valve-operating shafnwhich passes through the bonnet or cover 15 of the valve, and 16 is an arm, ordinarily of crescent form, and preferably journaled upon the valve-operating shaft. The crescent armslG are curved upwardly and toward each other, as is clearly shown, and their upper ends are connected by a link, 17. A similar link, 18, extends backward from the inner valve, and is pivoted to the lower end of cccentricrod arm 19, the cocentricrod being pivoted to said arm, as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 3. As the mechanisms of the two valves are identical in construction, the singular number will be used in the description.
20 is a crab-claw pivoted to the crescent 9 arm. The arm of the crab-claw curves downward, and is engaged bya lug or teat, 21, upon a sleeve, 22, which turns freely on the valveoperating shaft, as will be more fully explained.
23 is a liberating latch provided with a shoulder, 24. Thislatch is made integral. with the crab-claw, or maybe attached thereto, if preferred.
24 is a rod pivoted to the crab-claw under the liberating-latch. This rod is preferably pivoted in a recess in the crab-claw, as clearly shown in Fig. 4..
25 is a sliding block guided by rod 24, said block being pivoted to the upper arm of a bell-crank lever, 26; which is rigidly secured to the valve operating shaft.
27 is an arm projecting downward from sleeve 22 on the valve-operating shaft.
28 is a link which connects arm 27 with the lower arm of a bell-crank lever, 29, pivoted to the bed-plate, a link, 30, extending from the upper arm of this lever to governor-lever 9, which is pivoted to an arm, 31, projecting from the governor-standard. A link, 32, connects arm 27 on the operating-shaft of the inner valve to a similar arm upon the operatingshaft of the outer valve. The arm upon the outer valve, however, projects upward, instead of downward, as is of course necessary in order to effect a perfect timing of the mechamsm.
33 is a rod pivoted to the lower arm of hellcrank lever 26,which carries acounter'weight, 34, adapted to move within a box or casing, 35, upon the bed-plate. Rod 33 passes loosely through the weight, the latter being held on the rod by a collar, 36. The weight is provided with a central recess, 37, to receive a spring, 38, one end of the spring being adapted to bear on the bottom of the recess and the other against a collar, 39, on the rod.
It will be apparent that as the lower arm of bellvcrank lever 26 swings downward the rod must becarried downward against the power.
of the spring,which acts at the completion .of
the downward movement to return the lever 34 is raised by the rod, and as soon as the movement is completed acts to return the parts to the intermediate position again; Each movement of the eccentric-rod toward the rightiruparts a similar movement to the valvelinks, which are pivoted to the respective ores These arms turn cent arms of the two valves. freely on the valve operating shafts, and of course carry the crab-claws with them. the present instance (see Figs. 4, 7, and S) theparts are so arranged that the movement of the valve-links toward the right causes the right or outer valve to exhaust steam and the left or inner valve to take steam, and vice versa. As shown in Fig. 3 the parts are at the intermediate positionthat is, at the instant neither valve is taking nor exhausting steam, the piston being at the end of its stroke toward the left. In order to cause the left or inner valve (whose operation I will 3 describe more fully).to exhaust,it is necessary that the crescent arm shall be moved toward 1 the right from the position in which it. is shownin Fig. 4. This movement is accomplished against the power of spring 38 until the eccentric is at that extreme of its throw,
at which instant the return movement commences, being assisted by i the power of the spring until the parts are at the intermediate position shown in Fig. 3. Anopening is pro vided: in the bed to receive rod 33 when the crescent arm moves towardthe right.
In order to cause the left valve to take steam,
it is necessary that the crescent arm should move toward theleft. This movement, which is also accomplished by the eccentric, is against the power of the weight, which is necessarily raised by said movement until the eccentric:
As it is desirable, however, that the valve should not take steam during the entire move ment of the crescent arm toward thelleft, I
have provided a lug or teat, 21, upon a loose sleeve, 22, on the valve-operating shaft,which, as the crah-claw moves toward the left, en-
gages the arm and raises it, carrying the latcln with it, so that the sliding block is released. The instant that the block is released counterweight 34 will draw bell-crank lever 26 and the valve-operating-shaft toward the right, thus instantly cutting off the passage of steam into the valve.
In Fig. 4. I have illustrated the position of the parts at the instant that the eccentric is at. the extreme of its movement toward the left, thelug or teat having already operated to re lease the sliding block from the latch and the valve being closedthat is, at the intermediate position referred to.
in Fig. 4. the crab-claw is. of course carried with it, the curvature, of the arm of the crabclaw being such that it will ride down on the opposite side of the lug or teat, and will per-1 mit the latch to engage the sliding block again,
all of which is clearly illustrated in diagram, Fig. 8. A spring, 40, is provided at the base of the latch, to prevent the block from coming forcibly in contact withthe latch, and also to hold it in engagement with the shoulder, the block being held in engagement with the latch during the exhaust-that is, during the movement of the bell-crank lever toward the right, and until it is again released bythe lug or teat 1 during the movement. toward the left, these movements being continuously repeated. It will of course be apparent from what has al ready been said that the instant at which the As the crescent arm moves toward the right from the position shown i IQO.
cut-off takes place depends entirely upon the position of the teat on sleeve 22.
In order to make the cut-off automatic, I have connected the respective arms 27, which project from sleeves 22 of each valve, by a link, and have furthermore connected said arms with the governor, as has already been described. Suppose, now, that the revolutions of the engine areincreasing beyond the desired speed. The effect will be to raise the inner end of governonlever 9, which, acting through the links and bell-crank lever 29, will move arm 27 toward the left, which will carry sleeve 22 on the valve-operating shaft, upon which the lug or teatis formed, toward the right, thus reducing the speed of the engine by causing the steam to be cut off earlier in each stroke. Suppose, on the other hand, that the revolutions of the engine are decreasing from the desired speed. This will have the contrary effect. The inner end of the governorlever will drop, which, acting through the intermediate connections, will cause the sleeve, teat, and valveoperating shaft to be moved toward the left,
so that the valve-operating shaft will have a greater oscillation before the lug or teat will come in contact with the arm of the crab-claw, and cause the latch to release the block and the steam to be cut off. The engine illustrated in the drawings commences to take steam in the left valve, for example, the instant the crescent arm and valve-operating shaft move toward the left from the intermediate position in which the parts are shown in Fig. 3, the piston being at this instant at the extreme left of its stroke. The piston now begins to move toward the right, and the movement of the crescent arm, bell-crank lever 26, and the valve-operating shaft toward the left continues until the arm of the crab-claw engages the teat on sleeve 22. This acts to raise the crabclaw, which releases the block from the latch and allows the counter-weight to return the parts to the intermediate position, thus cutting off the steam instantly. The position of the valve and piston at this instant is clearly shown in Fig. 7, and the position of the valve mechanism in Fig. 4. The piston continues to move toward the right from the position shown in Fig. 7. Meanwhile the crescent arm continues to move toward the left until it reaches the extreme of its movement in that direction, as indicated in dotted lines in diagram, Fig. 3. The crescent arm now moves toward the right again, and at the intermediate position (see Figs. 3 and 8) the arm of the crab-claw will have passed over the teat, so that the latch will have dropped down and engaged the block again. At this instant the piston will have completed its stroke toward the right and will begin to move toward the left. The movement of the crescent arm toward the right continues until it reaches the extreme of its movement in that direction, as indicated by dotted lines in diagram, Fig. 8. It then moves toward theleft again. W'hile the crescent arm has been moving from the intermediate position to the extreme position toward the right and back to the intermediate position again the piston will have been moving toward the left, the block will have been carried by the latch, and the valve will have been exhausting. The position of either of the valves in exhausting is shown at the right in Fig. 7. The piston now begins to move toward the right again, the crescent arm moves toward the left, and the valve takes steam again, the taking of steam continuing until the steam is cut of? by the engagement of the arm of the crab-claw with the teat, as already described.
It will of course be understood that the details of construction may be varied within reasonable limits without departing from the spirit of my invention. I do not wish to be understood as claiming, broadly, the use, in connection with an engine, of valvegear which permits the release of the valve before the end of the stroke in one direction and holds it rigidly to the end of the stroke in the opposite direction; but,
Having thus described my invention, I
-claim 1. The valve-operating shaft,lever 26,block 25, and arm 16, havinga crab-claw with latch 23 pivoted thereto, in combination with teat 21, rod 33, having collars, as shown, counterweight 34, and spring 35, whereby the parts are held in operative position during the exhaust.
'2. In an engine, the combinatiom'with a valve,'its operating-shaft and operating-lever, and a block pivoted to said lever, of an oscillating crescent arm carrying a crab-claw,pivoted rod 24. and a latch, teat 2], spring 38, and counter-weight 34,arranged as described, and for the purpose set forth.
3. The valve-operating shaft, arm 1G,journaled thereon, and crab claw 2(),provided with latch 23, which is pivoted to said arm, in combination with lever 26, secured to the valve operating shaft, and block 25, pivoted to said lever, which is engaged by the latch to cause the valve to take and exhaust steam.
4. The combination, with the valve-operat ing shaft, arm 16, journalcd on said shaft, crabclaw 20, having latch 23 pivoted to said arm, and a rod, 24:, pivoted in said crab-claw, of a bell-crank lever, 26, secured to the valve-operating shaft, a sliding block, 25, pivoted to said lever, which slides on said rod and is engaged by the latch, and means, substantially as described, whereby said lever is returned to an intermediate position from either ex treme of its throw.
5. The valveoperating shaft having a lever, 26, secured thereto, a pivoted block carried by said lever, and sleeve 22, having teat 21, in combination with an arm, 16, journaled on said shaft, 21. crab-claw pivoted to said arm, which is adapted to engage the teat,and is provided with a pivoted rod, 24", which carries IIO the block, and a latch, 23, adapted to engage said block, substantially as described.
6. The valve operating shaft, bellcrank lever 26, block 25, and sleeve 22, havingteat 21, in combination witharm 16, crab-claw 20, having lat-3h 23, rod 33, having collars 36 and 39, and weight 34, and spring 38, operating as described, whereby the valve-operating shaft is returned to its intermediate position as soon as the block is released, and the parts are held in operative position during the exhaust.
7. The valve-operating shaft, lever 26, and block 25, in combination with arm 16, the crab-claw having latch 23, rod 241-, and spring 40, substantially as described.
8. The valve operating shaft, bell crank lever 26,having block 25,and the crescent arm, and crab-claw having latch 23, in combination.- With rod 33, pivoted to lever 26, weight 34,
having a central opening to receive spring 38, 20
- and casing 85, surrounding" theweightfl In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.
WlLL-IAM S. HALSEY.
\Vitnesses:
A. M. XVOOSTER, C. E. RUGGLES.
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