US3599213A - Flexible bouyant cable antenna - Google Patents

Flexible bouyant cable antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
US3599213A
US3599213A US866435A US3599213DA US3599213A US 3599213 A US3599213 A US 3599213A US 866435 A US866435 A US 866435A US 3599213D A US3599213D A US 3599213DA US 3599213 A US3599213 A US 3599213A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cable
antenna
sheath
tail
buoyant
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Expired - Lifetime
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US866435A
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Dennis E Fessenden
Michael A Tucchio
Luason L Carnaghan
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US Department of Navy
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US Department of Navy
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/34—Adaptation for use in or on ships, submarines, buoys or torpedoes

Definitions

  • a short length of cable is similarly added to the connecting means at its other end as a stabilizing tail
  • Thermoplastic water-resistant material is then molded over the exposed parts to form a sheath having substantially the same diameter as the cable and tail.
  • Thermoplastic water-impermeable, insulative material is then molded around each spoke and a portion of the braiding is left outside the cable to make electrical contact with the sea water environment
  • the spokes are made of spring-steel tape so that they can be folded down over the cable or the tail.
  • SHEET 1 BF 2 FLEXIBLE BOUYANT CABLE ANTENNA The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of the United States of America for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.
  • This invention relates to buoyant cable antennas and especially to buoyant cable antennas with foldable radiation elements.
  • Two-way radio communication between a submarine operating below periscope depth and aircraft, surface ships, shore stations and other submarines requires an antenna located at the sea surface and linked to terminal equipment in the submarine. it is desirable that the antenna and its connectingcable be releasable from within the submarine, that the cable and antenna be buoyant, and that the cable and antenna be retrievable into the submarine.
  • effective vertically polarized submarine antennas have not been releasable from within, and retrievable into the submarine.
  • Another object is to provide a buoyant antenna having vertical polarization characteristics.
  • a further object is to provide a buoyant antenna whose gain characteristics are little affected by any rotation of the antenna while being towed.
  • poles, .or elements, of the antenna from flexible conductive material so that they fold backward and forward along the buoyant connecting .cable without damage.
  • the poles are made thin relative to. the diameter of the cable so that when the poles are folded, the diameter of the cable plus the folded poles is no greater, or only slightly greater than the diameter of the cable alone, thus allowing release and retrieval through submarine ports just slightly-larger than the cable diameter and also permitting the use of conventional submarine cablereel'ing equipment.
  • FIG. '1 is an isometric view of a three-element buoyantcable antenna
  • FIG. 2 is an illustration o'fa pole, orelement ofthe antenna
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional illustration of the antenna and cable showing the constructional details
  • FIG. 4 is a sketch showing an end view of the antenna.
  • FR]. 1 shows a three-pole, buoyant cable antenna.
  • the ante'n-na has'three poles 10, 12 and I4 spaced 120 apart.
  • a relatively short trailing tail 18 of buoyant. cable provides the antenna with some stability 'while' they are being towed on th'esea-surface.
  • the poles 10, I2 and 14 can be made of any flexible conductive material and should be thin relative to. the diameter of the coaxial cable 16. A choice is to fabricate the elements as shown in FIG. 2' from a length of flexible springrsteel tape with a hole-20 nearone end.
  • connecting cable 16 is of the coaxial type having a center conductor-22, a dielectric sheath 24, a sheath of conductive braiding 26 and a sheathof'buoyant insulating material 28. such as foamed polyethylene.
  • the buoyant sheath 2% is cut away at one end of the cable 16 to expose the center conductor '22 and the insulating sheath 2.4. At the. far end, the insulating sheath: 24 is cut away to exposeabout one-halfinch of the center conductor 22.
  • Connecting means 30 lies 'betweenthe connecting cable 16 and the trailing tail l8 andcomprises, inthi's embodimenL-a group of four spacers-3.2,- 34, 36 and 38, a 'nut 40'and' a central rod 42'thre'aded' at both ends.
  • the rod 42 extends through the holes in the antenna poles and each pole is tightly held between a different pair of spacers so that, in an end view (see FIG. 4), the three antenna poles are each separated by The whole assembly 30 is held together by a locking nut 40.
  • the tripole antenna assembly may be formed without the spacers by soldering the ends of the poles to the rod at the proper angles.
  • the rod 42 has a hole 44 bored in one end and the bare end of the center conductor 22 is fitted into this end and soldered thereto.
  • the antenna poles are each covered by the sheath of heatshrinkable, electrically insulative tubing, such as polyvinyl chloride tubing, and the tubing is heated to fit it tightly around the element.
  • heatshrinkable, electrically insulative tubing such as polyvinyl chloride tubing
  • the trailing tail 18 is fitted against the connecting means and fastened thereto, one method being to bore a hole into the associated end of the rod 42, fit the center conductor into the hole and solder the conductor to the rod.
  • the connecting means 30 is now wrapped with water-impervious, insulative, thermoplastic material, such as polyethylene tape and heated in a mold until the tapefuses together to form an insulative sheath 46.
  • water-impervious, insulative, thermoplastic material such as polyethylene tape
  • the end of the braiding 26 is flattened down over the insulative sheath 46 so that the braiding 26 is exposed to the sea water.
  • the poles When the antenna is within the submarine, the poles fold down flatly against the cable. As the antenna is pushed out of the submarine, the poles extend resili ntly until they attain the attitude shown in FIGS. 1', 3 and 4.
  • An antenna assembly comprising, in combination:
  • At least three antenna poles each being fabricated from thin, resilient, electrically conductive material
  • a buoyant, water-impermeable, coaxial cable having a centralconduetor, a dielectric sheath surrounding said central conductor, a sheath of conductive braiding, and a sheath of buoyant insulation;
  • an antenna tail comprising a length of cable having a central core of stiff material and a sheath of buoyant, water-impermeable material;
  • thermoplastic, insulative, water impermeablematerial thermoplastic, insulative, water impermeablematerial
  • said antenna poles being held firmly at one end by said connecting means to form a spaced pattern
  • buoyant insulation being cut back to expose the central conductors of said coaxial, cable and said antenna tail and each said central conductor being conductive-ly fastened to. opposite points of said connecting means so that the coaxial cable, connecting means and tail effectively form a single length of cable, said thermoplastic material being formed intoa sheath. around connecting means. and the exposed. parts of said central; conductors to makewater-impermeablecontact the sheaths of buoyant insulation. around said cable and said tail,
  • said antenna poles being insulated; against electrical contact withthe ambient environment.

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Abstract

A spoke-wheel foldable, buoyant antenna comprising three-spokes separated by 120*, the spokes being held on a threaded rod between spacers and the assembly being tightened by a nut. The central conductor of a coaxial cable having a dielectric sheath, a conductive braiding sheath and a buoyant outer sheath is bared and soldered to the connecting means. A short length of cable is similarly added to the connecting means at its other end as a stabilizing tail. Thermoplastic water-resistant material is then molded over the exposed parts to form a sheath having substantially the same diameter as the cable and tail. Thermoplastic water-impermeable, insulative material is then molded around each spoke and a portion of the braiding is left outside the cable to make electrical contact with the sea water environment. The spokes are made of spring-steel tape so that they can be folded down over the cable or the tail.

Description

United S tates Patent I'll Dennis E. Fessenden Niantic;
Michael A. Tucchio, Mystic: Luason L. arnaghan, Norwich, all of, fionn.
inventors [2! I App]. No. 866,435 [22! Filed Oct; 10,1969 [45! Patented Aug 10, 197] [7 i \ssignee The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy {54] FLEXIBLE BOUYANT CABLE ANTENNA 4 Claims, 4 Drawing Figs.
[ 2] lJ.S.Cl. 0. 343/710, 343/790, 343/873, 343/900 {Sli Int.C|. 0.. H0lq 1/34 [50] Field of Search. 343/709, 710, 790, 873, 900, 908
lSbl References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,067,337 l/1937 Polatzekm 343/709 3,259,900 7/1966 Lordm. 343/876 Primary Examiner-Eli Lieberman Attorneys--Louis A Miller, Louis B. Applebaum and Philip Schneider ABSTRACT: A spoke-wheel foldable, buoyant antenna com prising three-spokes separated by l 20", the spokes being held on a threaded rod between spacers and the assembly being tightened by a nut. The central conductor of a coaxial cable having a dielectric sheath, a conductive braiding sheath and a buoyant outer sheath is bared and soldered to the connecting means. A short length of cable is similarly added to the connecting means at its other end as a stabilizing tail Thermoplastic water-resistant material is then molded over the exposed parts to form a sheath having substantially the same diameter as the cable and tail. Thermoplastic water-impermeable, insulative material is then molded around each spoke and a portion of the braiding is left outside the cable to make electrical contact with the sea water environment The spokes are made of spring-steel tape so that they can be folded down over the cable or the tail.
PATENTEU AUG 1 0 I97;
SHEET 1 BF 2 FLEXIBLE BOUYANT CABLE ANTENNA The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of the United States of America for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.
This invention relates to buoyant cable antennas and especially to buoyant cable antennas with foldable radiation elements.
Two-way radio communication between a submarine operating below periscope depth and aircraft, surface ships, shore stations and other submarines requires an antenna located at the sea surface and linked to terminal equipment in the submarine. it is desirable that the antenna and its connectingcable be releasable from within the submarine, that the cable and antenna be buoyant, and that the cable and antenna be retrievable into the submarine. Up to now, effective vertically polarized submarine antennas have not been releasable from within, and retrievable into the submarine.
.An object of this invention is to provide a buoyant antenna which is releasable from within, and retrievable into, a submarin'e.=
Another object is to providea buoyant antenna having vertical polarization characteristics.
A further object is to provide a buoyant antenna whose gain characteristics are little affected by any rotation of the antenna while being towed.
I These objects and advantages are provided by fabricating the poles, .or elements, of the antenna from flexible conductive material so that they fold backward and forward along the buoyant connecting .cable without damage. The poles are made thin relative to. the diameter of the cable so that when the poles are folded, the diameter of the cable plus the folded poles is no greater, or only slightly greater than the diameter of the cable alone, thus allowing release and retrieval through submarine ports just slightly-larger than the cable diameter and also permitting the use of conventional submarine cablereel'ing equipment.
'O'therobjects', advantages and novel features of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. '1 is an isometric view of a three-element buoyantcable antenna; I
FIG; 2 is an illustration o'fa pole, orelement ofthe antenna;
FIG. 3'is a cross-sectional illustration of the antenna and cable showing the constructional details; and
FIG. 4 is a sketch showing an end view of the antenna.
FR]. 1 shows a three-pole, buoyant cable antenna. The ante'n-na has'three poles 10, 12 and I4 spaced 120 apart. A buoyant coaxial cable l6, shown broken away, connects the antenna poles to the submarine. A relatively short trailing tail 18 of buoyant. cable provides the antenna with some stability 'while' they are being towed on th'esea-surface.
The poles 10, I2 and 14 can be made of any flexible conductive material and should be thin relative to. the diameter of the coaxial cable 16. A choice is to fabricate the elements as shown in FIG. 2' from a length of flexible springrsteel tape with a hole-20 nearone end.
Constructional' details. for one embodiment of the invention are shown in FIG. 3. Here the connecting cable 16 is of the coaxial type having a center conductor-22, a dielectric sheath 24, a sheath of conductive braiding 26 and a sheathof'buoyant insulating material 28. such as foamed polyethylene.
The buoyant sheath 2% is cut away at one end of the cable 16 to expose the center conductor '22 and the insulating sheath 2.4. At the. far end, the insulating sheath: 24 is cut away to exposeabout one-halfinch of the center conductor 22.
Connecting means 30 lies 'betweenthe connecting cable 16 and the trailing tail l8 andcomprises, inthi's embodimenL-a group of four spacers-3.2,- 34, 36 and 38, a 'nut 40'and' a central rod 42'thre'aded' at both ends.
The rod 42 extends through the holes in the antenna poles and each pole is tightly held between a different pair of spacers so that, in an end view (see FIG. 4), the three antenna poles are each separated by The whole assembly 30 is held together by a locking nut 40.
If desired, the tripole antenna assembly may be formed without the spacers by soldering the ends of the poles to the rod at the proper angles.
The rod 42 has a hole 44 bored in one end and the bare end of the center conductor 22 is fitted into this end and soldered thereto.
The antenna poles are each covered by the sheath of heatshrinkable, electrically insulative tubing, such as polyvinyl chloride tubing, and the tubing is heated to fit it tightly around the element.
The trailing tail 18 is fitted against the connecting means and fastened thereto, one method being to bore a hole into the associated end of the rod 42, fit the center conductor into the hole and solder the conductor to the rod.
The connecting means 30 is now wrapped with water-impervious, insulative, thermoplastic material, such as polyethylene tape and heated in a mold until the tapefuses together to form an insulative sheath 46.
The end of the braiding 26 is flattened down over the insulative sheath 46 so that the braiding 26 is exposed to the sea water.
When the antenna is within the submarine, the poles fold down flatly against the cable. As the antenna is pushed out of the submarine, the poles extend resili ntly until they attain the attitude shown in FIGS. 1', 3 and 4.
when towed on the surface, usually one pole is vertical. However, even if the poles are rotatedin-position, the gain of theantenna remains fairly constant, ranging from 'a relative power gain of 9.5 db. with one pole up to -l 5.8 db. with two Poles p:
Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present invention-are possible in the light of the above teachings. it is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims the-invention may be practiced otherwise than asspecifically described.
We claim:
1. An antenna assembly comprising, in combination:
at least three antenna poles, each being fabricated from thin, resilient, electrically conductive material;
a buoyant, water-impermeable, coaxial cable having a centralconduetor, a dielectric sheath surrounding said central conductor, a sheath of conductive braiding, and a sheath of buoyant insulation;
an antenna tail comprising a length of cable having a central core of stiff material and a sheath of buoyant, water-impermeable material;
connecting means; and
thermoplastic, insulative, water impermeablematerial,
said antenna poles being held firmly at one end by said connecting means to form a spaced pattern,
the buoyant insulation being cut back to expose the central conductors of said coaxial, cable and said antenna tail and each said central conductor being conductive-ly fastened to. opposite points of said connecting means so that the coaxial cable, connecting means and tail effectively form a single length of cable, said thermoplastic material being formed intoa sheath. around connecting means. and the exposed. parts of said central; conductors to makewater-impermeablecontact the sheaths of buoyant insulation. around said cable and said tail,
a. portion of said conductive braiding being; brought outside cable to. malice contact with the ambient environment,
said antenna. poles being insulated; against electrical contact withthe ambient environment.
2'. Am antenna assembly-as. in -clainr 1, wherein said antenna poles equalangleswitheachother.
An. antenna assembly asin. claim. 2,
the insulation of said antenna poles being formed by an insulative sheath of thermoplastic material around each said polef

Claims (4)

1. An antenna assembly comprising, in combination: at least three antenna poles, each being fabricated from thin, resilient, electrically conductive material; a buoyant, water-impermeable, coaxial cable having a central conductor, a dielectric sheath surrounding said central conductor, a sheath of conductive braiding, and a sheath of buoyant insulation; an antenna tail comprising a length of cable having a central core of stiff materiAl and a sheath of buoyant, waterimpermeable material; connecting means; and thermoplastic, insulative, water-impermeable material, said antenna poles being held firmly at one end by said connecting means to form a spaced pattern, the buoyant insulation being cut back to expose the central conductors of said coaxial cable and said antenna tail and each said central conductor being conductively fastened to opposite points of said connecting means so that the coaxial cable, connecting means and tail effectively form a single length of cable, said thermoplastic material being formed into a sheath around said connecting means and the exposed parts of said central conductors to make water-impermeable contact with the sheaths of buoyant insulation around said cable and said tail, a portion of said conductive braiding being brought outside said cable to make contact with the ambient environment, said antenna poles being insulated against electrical contact with the ambient environment.
2. An antenna assembly as in claim 1, wherein said antenna poles form equal angles with each other.
3. An antenna assembly as in claim 2, said thermoplastic sheath having roughly the same outer diameter as said cable and tail.
4. An antenna assembly as in claim 2, the insulation of said antenna poles being formed by an insulative sheath of thermoplastic material around each said pole.
US866435A 1969-10-10 1969-10-10 Flexible bouyant cable antenna Expired - Lifetime US3599213A (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4328487A (en) * 1980-07-28 1982-05-04 Southwest Microwave, Inc. Intrusion detector system
US4358764A (en) * 1980-07-28 1982-11-09 Southwest Microwave, Inc. Coupling unit for coaxial cable including means for radiating wave energy
US4463358A (en) * 1981-11-09 1984-07-31 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Convertible termination tip for submarine buoyant cable antenna system
US4766441A (en) * 1987-02-06 1988-08-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Spokewheel convertible antenna for BCA systems aboard submarines
US5517202A (en) * 1994-12-30 1996-05-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Minimal washover, inline high frequency buoyant antenna
USD506995S1 (en) * 2004-03-30 2005-07-05 Wilson Electronics, Inc. Antenna whip with dual rod sets
US7411558B1 (en) * 2006-12-26 2008-08-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Buoyant cable antenna configuration and system
US7466278B1 (en) * 2006-12-26 2008-12-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Buoyant cable antenna system and method with articulating blocks
US7468703B1 (en) * 2006-12-26 2008-12-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Buoyant cable antenna system
US20100045545A1 (en) * 2008-08-20 2010-02-25 Tonn David A Ultra wideband buoyant cable antenna element
US20100049436A1 (en) * 2008-08-20 2010-02-25 Lockheed Martin Corporation Undersea position and velocity measuring system and process

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2067337A (en) * 1932-08-12 1937-01-12 Telefunken Gmbh Antenna for submarines
US3259900A (en) * 1963-01-04 1966-07-05 Frank E Lord Droppable antenna

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2067337A (en) * 1932-08-12 1937-01-12 Telefunken Gmbh Antenna for submarines
US3259900A (en) * 1963-01-04 1966-07-05 Frank E Lord Droppable antenna

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4328487A (en) * 1980-07-28 1982-05-04 Southwest Microwave, Inc. Intrusion detector system
US4358764A (en) * 1980-07-28 1982-11-09 Southwest Microwave, Inc. Coupling unit for coaxial cable including means for radiating wave energy
US4463358A (en) * 1981-11-09 1984-07-31 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Convertible termination tip for submarine buoyant cable antenna system
US4766441A (en) * 1987-02-06 1988-08-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Spokewheel convertible antenna for BCA systems aboard submarines
US5517202A (en) * 1994-12-30 1996-05-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Minimal washover, inline high frequency buoyant antenna
USD506995S1 (en) * 2004-03-30 2005-07-05 Wilson Electronics, Inc. Antenna whip with dual rod sets
US7411558B1 (en) * 2006-12-26 2008-08-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Buoyant cable antenna configuration and system
US7466278B1 (en) * 2006-12-26 2008-12-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Buoyant cable antenna system and method with articulating blocks
US7468703B1 (en) * 2006-12-26 2008-12-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Buoyant cable antenna system
US20100045545A1 (en) * 2008-08-20 2010-02-25 Tonn David A Ultra wideband buoyant cable antenna element
US20100049436A1 (en) * 2008-08-20 2010-02-25 Lockheed Martin Corporation Undersea position and velocity measuring system and process
US7868833B2 (en) * 2008-08-20 2011-01-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Ultra wideband buoyant cable antenna element
US8340844B2 (en) 2008-08-20 2012-12-25 Lockheed Martin Corporation Undersea position and velocity measuring system and process

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