US3594810A - Triangle-loop antenna - Google Patents

Triangle-loop antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
US3594810A
US3594810A US20766A US3594810DA US3594810A US 3594810 A US3594810 A US 3594810A US 20766 A US20766 A US 20766A US 3594810D A US3594810D A US 3594810DA US 3594810 A US3594810 A US 3594810A
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United States
Prior art keywords
antenna
section
loop
tapered section
ground
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Expired - Lifetime
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US20766A
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Cyril M Kaloi
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US Department of Navy
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US Department of Navy
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
    • H01Q9/43—Scimitar antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point

Definitions

  • the present device is a multifrequency antenna which incorporates characteristics of both a triangular antenna and an unbalanced loop antenna, but requires only one feed point.
  • FIG. 1 is a front plan view of the antenna.
  • FIG. 2 shows a rear view of the antenna of FIG. ll.
  • FIG. 3 is cross-sectional view along line 3-3 of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the antenna along line 41, of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of antenna dimensions for specific frequencies mentioned.
  • FIG. 1 shows the antenna is fed from a coaxial line connector 11 through a triangular tapered section 12 and through several loops 14 of transmission line to point 17 where it is connected to ground.
  • the antenna assembly 10 in the example shown in the drawings, is formed by the stripline method on a sheet of dielectric material 20, which in turn is fastened to a baseplate 22 by suitable means such as clips 24 and 25 or the like and central conductor 26 of the coaxial line connector 11 (i.e. input-output terminal).
  • Point 17 is connected to ground via conductor 30, clip 25 and the baseplate.
  • the triangular tapered section 12 and loop section 14 are made of copper or other suitable metal.
  • the loop section is spaced slightly apart from the triangular section at 32. This separation 32 tends to improve the VSWR at higher frequencies.
  • Other parameters that effect the VSWR at the higher frequency bands are the height of the feed point 34, the height of the loop section 14 above ground baseplate 22 and the angle (i.e. in example shown) of the triangle section 112. Decreasing the height of the loop above ground improves the VSWR (i.e. voltage standing wave ratio) at the higher frequency bands.
  • a height of 0.070 inch to 0.100 inch appear to give the best VSWR.
  • An angle of 15 with respect to ground for the triangular section appears to give the best VSWR.
  • the radiation pattern at the higher frequency bands is nearly omnidirectional in the horizontal plane with approximately +1.5 db. perturbation.
  • the antenna is essentially an unbalance multiploop antenna.
  • the low frequency characteristics of the antenna are governed by the distributed capacitance and inductance of both the loop section 14 and the triangular section 12.
  • the inductance and capacitance vary as (l) the width of the antenna copper, (2) the width of the loop spacing, (3) the length of the antenna copper strip and (4) the height of the loop above the ground lane.
  • p Tuning of the antenna is accomplished by varying the overall length of the transmission line. Fine tuning is accomplished by shorting along the middle spacing of the loop section 14. Referring to FIG. 11, one notes that in the tuning section" the copper is extended into the middle spacing (essentially shorting the loop) at 38 increasing the resonant frequency; copper is removed form the middle section for decreasing the resonant frequency.
  • the radiation pattern of the antenna at the lower frequencies is very omnidirectional.
  • a multifrequency antenna for receiving three widely separated frequency bands comprising:
  • said loop section comprised of a plurality of loops terminatjng in the center with a ground connection
  • tuning of said antenna being accomplished by varying the overall distance along the length of said tapered and loop sections, fine tuning being accomplished by shorting the spacing at the center of said loop section.
  • An antenna as in claim 3 mounted on a flat sheet of dielectric material. 7
  • An antenna as in claim 4 mounted perpendicular to a baseplate acting as ground and fed via a coaxial connector whose center conductor is connected to said feed point on said triangular tapered section.
  • An antenna as in claim 5 wherein the voltage standing wave ratio at higher frequencies can be adjusted by varying the height of the triangular tapered section and thus said feed point above the ground baseplate, and the height of said loop section above the ground baseplate.

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  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

An antenna for receiving three widely separated frequency bands; the antenna beginning with a triangular tapered section fed by a coaxial line and continuing with several loops terminated in the center at ground.

Description

United States Patent [21] Appl No. [22] Filed [45] Patented [73] Assignee [54] TRIANGLE-LOOP ANTENNA 8 Claims, 5 Drawing Figs.
[52] US. Cl 343/848, 343/895, 343/908 [5|] lnt.Cl H01g 1/36, H01 g 1/48 150] Field of Search. r ,7 343/741-4, 728, 848. 82983 1 895 [56] References Cited UNlTED STATES PATENTS 3.015.101 12/1961 Turner etal. 343/848 Primary ExaminerHerman Karl Saalbach Assistant Examiner-Marvin Nussbaum Attorneys-R. S. Sciascia and J. M. St.Amand ABSTRACT: An antenna for receiving three widely separated frequency bands; the antenna beginning with a triangular tapered section fed by a coaxial line and continuing with several loops terminated in the center at ground.
TRIANGLE-LOOP ANTENNA The invention herein described may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of the United States of America for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.
It is an object of this invention to provide an antenna to be used to transmit or receive telemetry signals, for example, at three widely separated bands of frequencies. It is an object, for example, to provide an antenna which will simultaneously receive electromagnetic energy in the 1435-1535 MHz. band, in the 2200-2290 MHz. band and in a 4 me. increment of 220-260 MHz. band. There are no existing small antennas that will accomplish this reception in three widely separated frequency bands. The old method required using two or three different antennas to accomplish the same job, and also entails severe antenna mounting problems. The present device is a multifrequency antenna which incorporates characteristics of both a triangular antenna and an unbalanced loop antenna, but requires only one feed point.
Other objects and many of the attendant advantages of this invention will become readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a front plan view of the antenna.
FIG. 2 shows a rear view of the antenna of FIG. ll.
FIG. 3 is cross-sectional view along line 3-3 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the antenna along line 41, of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 shows an example of antenna dimensions for specific frequencies mentioned.
Referring to the drawings, like numerals refer to like pa ts in each of the figures. The drawings show the antenna is fed from a coaxial line connector 11 through a triangular tapered section 12 and through several loops 14 of transmission line to point 17 where it is connected to ground.
The antenna assembly 10, in the example shown in the drawings, is formed by the stripline method on a sheet of dielectric material 20, which in turn is fastened to a baseplate 22 by suitable means such as clips 24 and 25 or the like and central conductor 26 of the coaxial line connector 11 (i.e. input-output terminal). Point 17 is connected to ground via conductor 30, clip 25 and the baseplate. The triangular tapered section 12 and loop section 14 are made of copper or other suitable metal.
At the two higher frequency bands (i.e. 1435-1535 MHz band and 2200-2290 MHz band) given by way of example, most of the radiation emanates from the triangular section 12 of the antenna. To keep the triangular section 12 from interacting with the loop section 14 at the higher frequencies, the loop section is spaced slightly apart from the triangular section at 32. This separation 32 tends to improve the VSWR at higher frequencies. Other parameters that effect the VSWR at the higher frequency bands are the height of the feed point 34, the height of the loop section 14 above ground baseplate 22 and the angle (i.e. in example shown) of the triangle section 112. Decreasing the height of the loop above ground improves the VSWR (i.e. voltage standing wave ratio) at the higher frequency bands. A height of 0.070 inch to 0.100 inch appear to give the best VSWR. An angle of 15 with respect to ground for the triangular section appears to give the best VSWR. The radiation pattern at the higher frequency bands is nearly omnidirectional in the horizontal plane with approximately +1.5 db. perturbation. At the lower frequencies, the antenna is essentially an unbalance multiploop antenna. The
low frequency characteristics of the antenna are governed by the distributed capacitance and inductance of both the loop section 14 and the triangular section 12. The inductance and capacitance vary as (l) the width of the antenna copper, (2) the width of the loop spacing, (3) the length of the antenna copper strip and (4) the height of the loop above the ground lane.
p Tuning of the antenna is accomplished by varying the overall length of the transmission line. Fine tuning is accomplished by shorting along the middle spacing of the loop section 14. Referring to FIG. 11, one notes that in the tuning section" the copper is extended into the middle spacing (essentially shorting the loop) at 38 increasing the resonant frequency; copper is removed form the middle section for decreasing the resonant frequency. The radiation pattern of the antenna at the lower frequencies is very omnidirectional.
Only one antenna is required for transmitting energy over three widely spaced frequency bands simultaneously, whereas in the old method two or three antennas are required. The use of stripline also lowers the cost of constructing the antenna.
What I claim is:
l. A multifrequency antenna for receiving three widely separated frequency bands, comprising:
a. a triangular tapered section,
b. an unbalanced loop section,
. c. said triangular tapered section connected to said loop section at the narrowest portion of said tapered section,
- d. said loop section comprised of a plurality of loops terminatjng in the center with a ground connection,
. e. said antenna being fed through a feed point on said triangular tapered section,
f. tuning of said antenna being accomplished by varying the overall distance along the length of said tapered and loop sections, fine tuning being accomplished by shorting the spacing at the center of said loop section.
2. An antenna as in claim 1 wherein said triangular tapered section is spaced slightly apart from said loop section, except where the two sections are connected, to prevent interaction at higher frequencies and improve the voltage standing wave ratio.
.3. An antenna as in claim 1 wherein said triangular tapered section and loop section are constructed of thin sheet metal in the same plane.
4. An antenna as in claim 3 mounted on a flat sheet of dielectric material. 7
5. An antenna as in claim 4 mounted perpendicular to a baseplate acting as ground and fed via a coaxial connector whose center conductor is connected to said feed point on said triangular tapered section.
6. An antenna as in claim 5 wherein the voltage standing wave ratio at higher frequencies can be adjusted by varying the height of the triangular tapered section and thus said feed point above the ground baseplate, and the height of said loop section above the ground baseplate.
7. An antenna as in claim 5 wherein low frequency characteristics of said antenna being governed by the distributed capacitance and inductance of both said triangular tapered section and said loop section, said distributed capacitance and inductance varying as the width of the antenna metal, the width of said loop spacing, the distance along the length of the triangular tapered section and loop section from feed point to ground connection, and the height of said loop section above ground baseplate.
8. An antenna as in claim 1 wherein the radiation pattern at the higher frequency bands is substantially omnidirectional in the horizontal plate with +1.5 db. perturbation.

Claims (8)

1. A multifrequency antenna for receiving three widely separated frequency bands, comprising: a. a triangular tapered section, b. an unbalanced loop section, c. said triangular tapered section connected to said loop section at the narrowest portion of said tapered section, d. said loop section comprised of a plurality of loops terminating in the center with a ground connection, e. said antenna being fed through a feed point on said triangular tapered section, f. tuning of said antenna being accomplished by varying the overall distance along the length of said tapered and loop sections, fine tuning being accomplished by shorting the spacing at the center of said loop section.
2. An antenna as in claim 1 wherein said triangular tapered section is spaced slightly apart from said loop section, except where the two sections are connected, to prevent interaction at higher frequencies and improve the voltage standing wave ratio.
3. An antenna as in claim 1 wherein said triangular tapered section and loop section are constructed of thin sheet metal in the same plane.
4. An antenna as in claim 3 mounted on a flat sheet of dielectric material.
5. An antenna as in claim 4 mounted perpendicular to a baseplate acting as ground and fed via a coaxial connector whose center conductor is connected to said feed point on said triangular tapered section.
6. An antenna as in claim 5 wherein the voltage standing wave ratio at higher frequencies can be adjusted by varying the height of the triangular tapered section and thus said feed point above the ground baseplate, and the height of said loop section above the ground baseplate.
7. An antenna as in claim 5 wherein low frequency characteristics of said antenna being governed by the distributed capacitance and inductance of both said triangular tapered section and said loop section, said distributed capacitance and inductance varying as the width of the antenna metal, the width of said loop spacing, the distance along the length of the triangular tapered section and loop section from feed point to ground connection, and the height of said loop section above ground baseplate.
8. An antenna as in claim 1 wherein the radiation pattern at the higher frequency bands is substantially omnidirectional in the horizontal plate with +1.5 db. perturbation.
US20766A 1970-03-18 1970-03-18 Triangle-loop antenna Expired - Lifetime US3594810A (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4201988A (en) * 1979-03-05 1980-05-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Wideband VHF antenna
US4243992A (en) * 1979-04-16 1981-01-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Method and apparatus for fabricating a wideband whip antenna
US6307510B1 (en) * 2000-10-31 2001-10-23 Harris Corporation Patch dipole array antenna and associated methods
WO2005034289A1 (en) * 2003-03-31 2005-04-14 Alexander Ivanovich Karpov Multiband aerial
WO2005045995A1 (en) * 2003-11-06 2005-05-19 Alexander Ivanovich Karpov Wideband antenna
US7221322B1 (en) 2005-12-14 2007-05-22 Harris Corporation Dual polarization antenna array with inter-element coupling and associated methods
US20070139273A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-21 Harris Corporation Dual polarization antenna array with inter-element capacitive coupling plate and associated methods
US20070139274A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-21 Harris Corporation Single polarization slot antenna array with inter-element capacitive coupling plate and associated methods
US20070139272A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-21 Harris Corporation Single polarization slot antenna array with inter-element coupling and associated methods
DE102010004503B4 (en) * 2010-01-13 2015-08-20 Continental Automotive Gmbh Antenna structure for a vehicle for multiple frequency bands

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3015101A (en) * 1958-10-31 1961-12-26 Edwin M Turner Scimitar antenna

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3015101A (en) * 1958-10-31 1961-12-26 Edwin M Turner Scimitar antenna

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4201988A (en) * 1979-03-05 1980-05-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Wideband VHF antenna
US4243992A (en) * 1979-04-16 1981-01-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Method and apparatus for fabricating a wideband whip antenna
US6307510B1 (en) * 2000-10-31 2001-10-23 Harris Corporation Patch dipole array antenna and associated methods
WO2005034289A1 (en) * 2003-03-31 2005-04-14 Alexander Ivanovich Karpov Multiband aerial
WO2005045995A1 (en) * 2003-11-06 2005-05-19 Alexander Ivanovich Karpov Wideband antenna
US7221322B1 (en) 2005-12-14 2007-05-22 Harris Corporation Dual polarization antenna array with inter-element coupling and associated methods
US20070132643A1 (en) * 2005-12-14 2007-06-14 Harris Corporation Dual polarization antenna array with inter-element coupling and associated methods
US20070139273A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-21 Harris Corporation Dual polarization antenna array with inter-element capacitive coupling plate and associated methods
US20070139274A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-21 Harris Corporation Single polarization slot antenna array with inter-element capacitive coupling plate and associated methods
US20070139272A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-21 Harris Corporation Single polarization slot antenna array with inter-element coupling and associated methods
US20080150820A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2008-06-26 Harris Corporation Tubular endfire slot-mode antenna array with inter-element coupling and associated methods
US7408520B2 (en) 2005-12-16 2008-08-05 Harris Corporation Single polarization slot antenna array with inter-element capacitive coupling plate and associated methods
US7408519B2 (en) 2005-12-16 2008-08-05 Harris Corporation Dual polarization antenna array with inter-element capacitive coupling plate and associated methods
US7420519B2 (en) 2005-12-16 2008-09-02 Harris Corporation Single polarization slot antenna array with inter-element coupling and associated methods
US7598918B2 (en) 2005-12-16 2009-10-06 Harris Corporation Tubular endfire slot-mode antenna array with inter-element coupling and associated methods
DE102010004503B4 (en) * 2010-01-13 2015-08-20 Continental Automotive Gmbh Antenna structure for a vehicle for multiple frequency bands

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