US3594806A - Dipole augmented slot radiating elements - Google Patents

Dipole augmented slot radiating elements Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3594806A
US3594806A US816480A US3594806DA US3594806A US 3594806 A US3594806 A US 3594806A US 816480 A US816480 A US 816480A US 3594806D A US3594806D A US 3594806DA US 3594806 A US3594806 A US 3594806A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
slot
posts
plane
radiating
disposed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US816480A
Inventor
Woodrow W Black
Alvin Clavin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Raytheon Co
Original Assignee
Hughes Aircraft Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hughes Aircraft Co filed Critical Hughes Aircraft Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3594806A publication Critical patent/US3594806A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic

Definitions

  • the apparatus of the present invention enhances the performance of slot radiating elements or arrays, increasing the overall antenna gain, increasing the front to back signal ratio, suppressing undesirable side lobes and reducing the mutual coupling between array elements.
  • This enhanced performance is generally achieved by augmenting the respective individual slots with exterior feed lines which form a transmission line transition to either free space or one or more dipole auxiliary radiating elements.
  • the exterior elements can assume a number of configurations.
  • apparatus for increasing the gain of a slot array, increasing the front to back signal ratio of the array, suppressing undesirable side lobes, and reducing mutual coupling between array elements.
  • these features are achieved by mechanically mounting conductive posts on both sides of and electrically coupled to the respective slots of the array.
  • the posts are one-quarter of one wavelength in height and have a diameter comparable to the width of the respective slots.
  • the pair of posts straddling a slot forms a twin lead transmission line to improve the transition to free space.
  • the transmission lines are connected to one or more stacked dipoles.
  • the pairs of posts straddling the respective slots are curved or slanted outwards from each other, thereby separating the outer ends more than the base of the posts at the plane of the slots.
  • FIG. I shows a perspective view of a column of longitudinal slots in the broad wall of waveguide augmented with conductive posts
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a segment of waveguide with a longitudinal slot in the broad wall augmented with posts connected to a single dipole over each slot;
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a segment of waveguide with a longitudinal slot in the broad wall augmented with posts connected to stacked dipoles over each slot,
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a segment of waveguide with a longitudinal slot in the broad wall thereof augmented with posts which curve away from each other in receding from the plane of the slots;
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B show perspective views of segments of waveguide with longitudinal slots in the respective broad walls thereof augmented with posts which slant outwards from each other from the plane of the slots;
  • FIG. 6 shows a top view of a dipole augmented linear array of slot radiators.
  • segment I0 includes rectangular waveguide segments 11, I2, 13, I4, with longitudinal slots 16, I7, 18, I9, 20, respectively, in the broad wall thereof.
  • the longitudinal slots 16-20 may be offset in a common direction from the center of the waveguide to effect radiation of electromagnetic energy in the fundamental mode therein from the respective waveguide segments I I IS.
  • the longitudinal slots 16-20 may be centered in the broad wall of the waveguide segments "-15, respectively, in which case addi- In operation, waveguide segments Il-I5 are energized in accordance with the overall phasing of the planar array of which segment I0 is a part.
  • Microwave energy radiated from longitudinal slot 16 electrically couples to conductive posts 2I, 22.
  • microwave energy radiated from slots 17, I8, 19, 20 electrically couples to conductive posts 22, 23; 23, 24; 24, 25; and 25, 26, respectively.
  • the element E-plane pattern is approximately the same as the element I-I-plane pattern whereby the overall element pattern is substantially independent of the angle in the plane of the slot 116, 17, 18, 119 or 20.
  • radiated energy falls off rapidly as the angle from the normal to the plane of the slot 16, I7, 18, I9 or 20 increases, thereby enhancing the gain, decreasing the mutual coupling between slots 16-20 and reducing the side lobes.
  • a single radiating element 30 including a segment of rectangular waveguide 31 having a longitudinal slot 32 in a broad wall thereof that is displaced from the centerline to effect radiation of electromagnetic energy in the fundamental mode therefrom.
  • the longitudinal slot 32 may be centered and irises or other structure (not shown) used internally within the waveguide segment 31 to effect radiation.
  • conductive posts 33, 34 of the order of one-quarter wavelength in height and of a diameter equal to the width of slot 32 are mounted in the E-plane on opposite sides of and midway along the slot 32.
  • flat conductive elements 35, 36 are mounted in the E-plane on top of and extending outwards from the posts 33, 34, respectively, to provide a dipole over the slot 32 that is electrically coupled thereto by a twin lead transmission line about one-quarter of one wavelength long formed by the posts 33, 34.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown an embodiment of the single radiating element of FIG. 2 with an additional dipole stacked in the E-plane above the dipole formed by onequarter wave elements 35, 36.
  • conductive posts 37, 38 of a height equal to one-quarter wavelength are mechanically mounted directly over the posts 33, 34, on top of the one-quarter wavelength elements 35, 36, respectively.
  • flat conductive elements 39, 40 are mounted on the posts 37, 38, respectively, directly over the elements 35, 36, as viewed in the drawing.
  • the stacked dipoles 35, 36 and 39, 40 enchance the directional effect of the single dipole 35, 36, in the radiating element of FIG. 2.
  • a single slot radiating element 42 including a rectangular waveguide segment 43 with a longitudinal slot 44 in a broad wall thereof adapted to radiate electromagnetic energy from the waveguide segment 43.
  • curved posts 45, 46 are disposed in the E- plane midway along the slot 44.
  • the extremities of the posts 45, 46 attached to the broad wall of waveguide segment 43 containing slot 44 are the closest together with the posts 45, 46 curving outwards so that the remaining extremities are separated more than at the base.
  • the configuration of the posts 45, 46 is not critical and may be circular, elliptical, or other curve. Any appropriate means may be employed to stiffen the posts 45, 46 and attach them to the waveguide segment 43.
  • single slot radiating elements 50, 51 each including a rectangular waveguide segment 52 with a longitudinal slot 53 in the broad wall thereof adapted to radiate electromagnetic energy from the waveguide segment 52.
  • posts 54, 55 are attached to the broad walls of rectangular waveguide segment 52 midway along the longitudinal slot 52 and slant outwards in the E-plane.
  • the length of the posts 54, 55 is comparable to that of the slot 53.
  • the posts 54, 55 are made more rigid by incorporating them in tapered channel structures 56, 57, respectively.
  • the tapered channel structures 56, 57 are oriented with the legs of the U in planes parallel to the broad wall of waveguide 52 facing away from the slot 53.
  • FIG. 6 there is shown a top view of a linear array 60 of dipole augmented slot radiators in the broad wall of a rectangular waveguide 61.
  • longitudinal slots 6269 are disposed on alternate sides of the centerline in the broad wall of waveguide 61 at one-half wavelength intervals whereby electromagnetic energy propagated by the waveguide 61 radiates from the slots 62-69 without additional structure inside thereof.
  • Posts 70, 71; 72, 73; 74, 75; 76, 77; 78, 79; 80, 81; 82, 83; and 84, 85 are disposed in the E-plane midway along and on opposite sides of the longitudinal slots 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, respectively, on the exterior of the broad wall of rectangular waveguide 61.
  • the posts 7085 are of uniform diameter comparable to the width of the slots 62-69 and are spaced a distance substantially equal to a diameter therefrom.
  • the height of the posts 70-85 is of the order of one-quarter wavelength.
  • One-quarter wavelength elements 86, 87 are disposed in the E-plane of slot 62 with adjacent extremities on top of the posts 70, 71, respectively.
  • one-quarter wavelength pairs of elements 88, 89; 90, 91; 92, 93', 94, 95; 96, 97; 98, 99; and 100, 101 are disposed in the respective E-planes of slots 63--69 with adjacent extremities thereof directly on top of the posts 72, 73; 74, 75; 76, 77; 78, 79; 80, 81; 82, 83; and 84, 85, respectively.
  • Operation of the linear array 61 is conventional, either singly or in conjunction with the linear array to form a planar array.
  • a radiating element comprising a segment of rectangular waveguide of indeterminate length having a slot capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal to said slot and said waveguide and first and second conductive posts disposed in said E-plane midway along and on opposite sides of said slot attached to the exterior side of said waveguide thereby to increase the gain ofsaid radiating element.
  • a radiating element comprising a segment of rectangular waveguide of indeterminate length having a longitudinal slot in a broad wall thereof capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal to said slot and said broad wall and first and second conductive posts disposed in said E-plane midway along and on opposite sides of said longitudinal slot attached to the exterior side of said broad wall thereby to increase the gain of said radiating element.
  • a radiating element comprising a segment of rectangular waveguide having a slot capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal to said slot and said waveguide, first and second cylindrical conductive posts disposed in said E-plane midway along and on opposite sides of said slot and attached vertically to the exterior side of said waveguide, said first and second posts having a height substantially equal to one-quarter free space wavelength of said microwave frequency, and first and second one-quarter wavelength conductive elements disposed in said E-plane with adjacent extremities thereof on said first and second posts, respectively, thereby to increase the gain of said radiating element.
  • a radiating element comprising a segment of rectangular waveguide having a longitudinal slot in a broad wall thereof capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal to said slot and said broad wall, first and second cylindrical conductive posts disposed in said E-plane midway along and on opposite sides of said longitudinal slot and attached vertically to the exterior side of said broad wall, said first and second posts having a height substantially equal to one quarter free space wavelength of said microwave frequency,
  • first and second opeuarter wayclen th conductive elements disposed in said -plane with a acent extremities thereof on said first and second posts, respectively, thereby to increase the gain of said radiating element.
  • the radiating element as defined in claim 7 additionally including third and fourth conductive posts of a height substantially equal to one-quarter free matter wavelength disposed over said first and second posts, in contact with said first and second one-quarter wavelength elements, respectively; and third and fourth one-quarter wavelength conductive elements disposed in said E-plane with adjacent extremities thereof on said third and fourth posts, respectively.
  • a linear array of radiating elements comprising a rectangular waveguide of indeterminate length having first and second narrow walls and first and second broad walls; a plurality of longitudinal slots disposed in said first broad wall on alternate sides of the centerline thereof at uniform intervals, said respective longitudinal slots being capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal thereto and normal to said first broad wall; and means coupled to said microwave energy and attached to the exterior side of said first broad wall in said E-plane midway along and on opposite sides of each of said plurality of longitudinal slots for increasing the gain ofsaid linear array.
  • a linear array of radiating elements comprising a rectangular waveguide having first and second narrow walls and first and second broad walls; a plurality of longitudinal slots disposed in said first broad wall on alternate sides of the centerline thereof at uniform intervals, said respective longitudinal slots being capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal thereto and nor mal to said first broad wall; first and second conductive posts disposed on opposite sides of and midway along each of said plurality of longitudinal slots, and first and second one-quarter wavelength elements at the frequency of said microwave energy corresponding to each first and second conductive posts, respectively, disposed in said E-plane with adjacent extremities on top thereof.
  • a plurality of segments of rectangular waveguide disposed in juxtaposition with adjacent segments having common narrow walls; a longitudinal slot in each respective broad wall of said plurality of segments of rectangular waveguide capable of radiating microwave energy having a common E-plane normal thereto and to said broad walls; and a conductive vertical cylinder attached to the exterior side of said broad walls midway along and intermediate each adjacent pair of said longitudinal slots.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

The apparatus of the present invention enhances the performance of slot radiating elements or arrays, increasing the overall antenna gain, increasing the front to back signal ratio, suppressing undesirable side lobes and reducing the mutual coupling between array elements. This enhanced performance is generally achieved by augmenting the respective individual slots with exterior feed lines which form a transmission line transition to either free space or one or more dipole auxiliary radiating elements. The exterior elements can assume a number of configurations.

Description

United States Patent 2,5 l0,290 (SH 950 Masters Inventors Appl. No.
Filed Patented Assignee Woodrow W. Black Los Angels;
Alvin Clavin, Calabasas, both of, Calif.
Apr. 2, 1969 July 20, 197 1 Hughes Aircraft Company Culver City, Calif.
DIPOLE AUGMENTED SLOT RADlATlNG ELEMENTS ll Claims, 7 Drawing Figs.
U.S. Cl
lnt.Cl [50] FieldolSearch References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,573,461 10/1951 Lindenblad 343/770 2,573,746 ll/l95l Watson et 343/771 2,635,189 4/l953 Van Atta l 343/767 X 3,083,362 3/1963 Stavis 343/771 UX Primary ExaminerRodney D. Bennett, Jr. Assistant ExaminerRichard E. Berger Attorneyslames K. Haskell and Robert H. l-limes ABSTRACT: The apparatus of the present invention enhances the performance of slot radiating elements or arrays, increasing the overall antenna gain, increasing the front to back signal ratio, suppressing undesirable side lobes and reducing the mutual coupling between array elements. This enhanced performance is generally achieved by augmenting the respective individual slots with exterior feed lines which form a transmission line transition to either free space or one or more dipole auxiliary radiating elements. The exterior elements can assume a number of configurations.
PATENTED JULZO I97! SHEET 1 BF 2 Fig.1.
Fig.4.
C m B W W O r d O O W Alvin Clovm,
INVENTORS Pal-Mi 9 ATTORNEY.
PATENTEnJuLzmsrs SHEET 2 OF 2 3,594,806
Woodrow W. Black Alvin Clovin,
INVENTORS.
9. 1 o m l wl Wmll lmm l law I lm ll low! 1 mm mw Q m tm 9. R E U U ATTORNEY.
DIPOLE AUGMENTEI) SLOT RADIA'II'ING ELEMENTS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In contemporary slot arrays, interior posts or irises are often employed in conjunction with arrays of slot radiators. Such devices balance the energy radiated from the respective slots and serve to minimize cross-polarization. In other cases where dipole radiating elements are fed by means of waveguide, a direct coupling is used from the waveguide to the respective dipole elements.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present invention, apparatus is provided for increasing the gain of a slot array, increasing the front to back signal ratio of the array, suppressing undesirable side lobes, and reducing mutual coupling between array elements. In a first embodiment these features are achieved by mechanically mounting conductive posts on both sides of and electrically coupled to the respective slots of the array. In general, the posts are one-quarter of one wavelength in height and have a diameter comparable to the width of the respective slots. Further, the pair of posts straddling a slot forms a twin lead transmission line to improve the transition to free space. In alternate embodiments, the transmission lines are connected to one or more stacked dipoles. In still other embodiments, the pairs of posts straddling the respective slots .are curved or slanted outwards from each other, thereby separating the outer ends more than the base of the posts at the plane of the slots.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. I shows a perspective view of a column of longitudinal slots in the broad wall of waveguide augmented with conductive posts;
FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a segment of waveguide with a longitudinal slot in the broad wall augmented with posts connected to a single dipole over each slot;
FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a segment of waveguide with a longitudinal slot in the broad wall augmented with posts connected to stacked dipoles over each slot,
FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a segment of waveguide with a longitudinal slot in the broad wall thereof augmented with posts which curve away from each other in receding from the plane of the slots;
FIGS. 5A and 5B show perspective views of segments of waveguide with longitudinal slots in the respective broad walls thereof augmented with posts which slant outwards from each other from the plane of the slots; and
FIG. 6 shows a top view of a dipole augmented linear array of slot radiators.
Referring to FIG. I of the drawings, there is shown a seg ment 10 of a two-dimensional planar array of post augmented slot radiators. In particular, segment I0 includes rectangular waveguide segments 11, I2, 13, I4, with longitudinal slots 16, I7, 18, I9, 20, respectively, in the broad wall thereof. The longitudinal slots 16-20 may be offset in a common direction from the center of the waveguide to effect radiation of electromagnetic energy in the fundamental mode therein from the respective waveguide segments I I IS. Alternatively, the longitudinal slots 16-20 may be centered in the broad wall of the waveguide segments "-15, respectively, in which case addi- In operation, waveguide segments Il-I5 are energized in accordance with the overall phasing of the planar array of which segment I0 is a part. Microwave energy radiated from longitudinal slot 16 electrically couples to conductive posts 2I, 22. Similarly, microwave energy radiated from slots 17, I8, 19, 20 electrically couples to conductive posts 22, 23; 23, 24; 24, 25; and 25, 26, respectively. In the case of a single longitudinal slot 16, I7, I8, 19 or 20 with its associated conductive posts 21-26, the element E-plane pattern is approximately the same as the element I-I-plane pattern whereby the overall element pattern is substantially independent of the angle in the plane of the slot 116, 17, 18, 119 or 20. In addition, radiated energy falls off rapidly as the angle from the normal to the plane of the slot 16, I7, 18, I9 or 20 increases, thereby enhancing the gain, decreasing the mutual coupling between slots 16-20 and reducing the side lobes.
Referring to F IG. 2 there is shown a single radiating element 30 including a segment of rectangular waveguide 31 having a longitudinal slot 32 in a broad wall thereof that is displaced from the centerline to effect radiation of electromagnetic energy in the fundamental mode therefrom. Alternatively, as specified in connection with FIG. I, the longitudinal slot 32 may be centered and irises or other structure (not shown) used internally within the waveguide segment 31 to effect radiation. In the present case conductive posts 33, 34 of the order of one-quarter wavelength in height and of a diameter equal to the width of slot 32 are mounted in the E-plane on opposite sides of and midway along the slot 32. In addition, flat conductive elements 35, 36, one-quarter wavelength long, are mounted in the E-plane on top of and extending outwards from the posts 33, 34, respectively, to provide a dipole over the slot 32 that is electrically coupled thereto by a twin lead transmission line about one-quarter of one wavelength long formed by the posts 33, 34.
Referring to FIG. 3 there is shown an embodiment of the single radiating element of FIG. 2 with an additional dipole stacked in the E-plane above the dipole formed by onequarter wave elements 35, 36. In particular, conductive posts 37, 38 of a height equal to one-quarter wavelength are mechanically mounted directly over the posts 33, 34, on top of the one- quarter wavelength elements 35, 36, respectively. In addition, flat conductive elements 39, 40 are mounted on the posts 37, 38, respectively, directly over the elements 35, 36, as viewed in the drawing. The stacked dipoles 35, 36 and 39, 40 enchance the directional effect of the single dipole 35, 36, in the radiating element of FIG. 2.
Referring to FIG. 4 there is shown a single slot radiating element 42 including a rectangular waveguide segment 43 with a longitudinal slot 44 in a broad wall thereof adapted to radiate electromagnetic energy from the waveguide segment 43. In this embodiment, curved posts 45, 46 are disposed in the E- plane midway along the slot 44. The extremities of the posts 45, 46 attached to the broad wall of waveguide segment 43 containing slot 44 are the closest together with the posts 45, 46 curving outwards so that the remaining extremities are separated more than at the base. The configuration of the posts 45, 46 is not critical and may be circular, elliptical, or other curve. Any appropriate means may be employed to stiffen the posts 45, 46 and attach them to the waveguide segment 43.
Referring to FIGS. 5A and 58, there are shown alternate embodiments of single slot radiating elements 50, 51, respectively, each including a rectangular waveguide segment 52 with a longitudinal slot 53 in the broad wall thereof adapted to radiate electromagnetic energy from the waveguide segment 52. In the case of single slot radiating element 50, posts 54, 55 are attached to the broad walls of rectangular waveguide segment 52 midway along the longitudinal slot 52 and slant outwards in the E-plane. The length of the posts 54, 55 is comparable to that of the slot 53. In the case of single slot radiating element 51, FIG. 5B, the posts 54, 55 are made more rigid by incorporating them in tapered channel structures 56, 57, respectively. The tapered channel structures 56, 57 are oriented with the legs of the U in planes parallel to the broad wall of waveguide 52 facing away from the slot 53.
In FIG. 6 there is shown a top view of a linear array 60 of dipole augmented slot radiators in the broad wall of a rectangular waveguide 61. In particular, longitudinal slots 6269 are disposed on alternate sides of the centerline in the broad wall of waveguide 61 at one-half wavelength intervals whereby electromagnetic energy propagated by the waveguide 61 radiates from the slots 62-69 without additional structure inside thereof. Posts 70, 71; 72, 73; 74, 75; 76, 77; 78, 79; 80, 81; 82, 83; and 84, 85 are disposed in the E-plane midway along and on opposite sides of the longitudinal slots 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, respectively, on the exterior of the broad wall of rectangular waveguide 61. The posts 7085 are of uniform diameter comparable to the width of the slots 62-69 and are spaced a distance substantially equal to a diameter therefrom. The height of the posts 70-85 is of the order of one-quarter wavelength. One- quarter wavelength elements 86, 87 are disposed in the E-plane of slot 62 with adjacent extremities on top of the posts 70, 71, respectively. Similarly, one-quarter wavelength pairs of elements 88, 89; 90, 91; 92, 93', 94, 95; 96, 97; 98, 99; and 100, 101 are disposed in the respective E-planes of slots 63--69 with adjacent extremities thereof directly on top of the posts 72, 73; 74, 75; 76, 77; 78, 79; 80, 81; 82, 83; and 84, 85, respectively. Operation of the linear array 61 is conventional, either singly or in conjunction with the linear array to form a planar array.
What we claim is:
1. A radiating element comprising a segment of rectangular waveguide of indeterminate length having a slot capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal to said slot and said waveguide and first and second conductive posts disposed in said E-plane midway along and on opposite sides of said slot attached to the exterior side of said waveguide thereby to increase the gain ofsaid radiating element.
2. A radiating element comprising a segment of rectangular waveguide of indeterminate length having a longitudinal slot in a broad wall thereof capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal to said slot and said broad wall and first and second conductive posts disposed in said E-plane midway along and on opposite sides of said longitudinal slot attached to the exterior side of said broad wall thereby to increase the gain of said radiating element.
3. The radiating element as defined in claim 2 wherein said first and second conductive posts slant outwards.
4. The radiating element as defined in claim 2 wherein said first and second conductive posts curve outwards.
5. The radiating element as defined in claim 2 wherein said first and second conductive posts are vertical cylinders relative to said broad wall with a height substantially equal to onequarter free space wavelength of said microwave energy.
6. A radiating element comprising a segment of rectangular waveguide having a slot capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal to said slot and said waveguide, first and second cylindrical conductive posts disposed in said E-plane midway along and on opposite sides of said slot and attached vertically to the exterior side of said waveguide, said first and second posts having a height substantially equal to one-quarter free space wavelength of said microwave frequency, and first and second one-quarter wavelength conductive elements disposed in said E-plane with adjacent extremities thereof on said first and second posts, respectively, thereby to increase the gain of said radiating element.
7. A radiating element comprising a segment of rectangular waveguide having a longitudinal slot in a broad wall thereof capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal to said slot and said broad wall, first and second cylindrical conductive posts disposed in said E-plane midway along and on opposite sides of said longitudinal slot and attached vertically to the exterior side of said broad wall, said first and second posts having a height substantially equal to one quarter free space wavelength of said microwave frequency,
and first and second opeuarter wayclen th conductive elements disposed in said -plane with a acent extremities thereof on said first and second posts, respectively, thereby to increase the gain of said radiating element.
8. The radiating element as defined in claim 7 additionally including third and fourth conductive posts of a height substantially equal to one-quarter free spate wavelength disposed over said first and second posts, in contact with said first and second one-quarter wavelength elements, respectively; and third and fourth one-quarter wavelength conductive elements disposed in said E-plane with adjacent extremities thereof on said third and fourth posts, respectively.
9. A linear array of radiating elements comprising a rectangular waveguide of indeterminate length having first and second narrow walls and first and second broad walls; a plurality of longitudinal slots disposed in said first broad wall on alternate sides of the centerline thereof at uniform intervals, said respective longitudinal slots being capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal thereto and normal to said first broad wall; and means coupled to said microwave energy and attached to the exterior side of said first broad wall in said E-plane midway along and on opposite sides of each of said plurality of longitudinal slots for increasing the gain ofsaid linear array.
10. A linear array of radiating elements comprising a rectangular waveguide having first and second narrow walls and first and second broad walls; a plurality of longitudinal slots disposed in said first broad wall on alternate sides of the centerline thereof at uniform intervals, said respective longitudinal slots being capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal thereto and nor mal to said first broad wall; first and second conductive posts disposed on opposite sides of and midway along each of said plurality of longitudinal slots, and first and second one-quarter wavelength elements at the frequency of said microwave energy corresponding to each first and second conductive posts, respectively, disposed in said E-plane with adjacent extremities on top thereof.
11. In a planar array of radiating elements, a plurality of segments of rectangular waveguide disposed in juxtaposition with adjacent segments having common narrow walls; a longitudinal slot in each respective broad wall of said plurality of segments of rectangular waveguide capable of radiating microwave energy having a common E-plane normal thereto and to said broad walls; and a conductive vertical cylinder attached to the exterior side of said broad walls midway along and intermediate each adjacent pair of said longitudinal slots.

Claims (11)

1. A radiating element comprising a segment of rectangular waveguide of indeterminate length having a slot capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal to said slot and said waveguide and first and second conductive posts disposed in said E-plane midway along and on opposite sides of said slot attached to the exterior side of said waveguide thereby to increase the gain of said radiating element.
2. A radiating element comprising a segment of rectangular waveguide of indeterminate length having a longitudinal slot in a broad wall thereof capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal to said slot and said broad wall and first and second conductive posts disposed in said E-plane midway along and on opposite sides of said longitudinal slot attached to the exterior side of said broad wall thereby to increase the gain of said radiating element.
3. The radiating element as defined in claim 2 wherein said first and second conductive posts slant outwards.
4. The radiating element as defined in claim 2 wherein said first and seCond conductive posts curve outwards.
5. The radiating element as defined in claim 2 wherein said first and second conductive posts are vertical cylinders relative to said broad wall with a height substantially equal to one-quarter free space wavelength of said microwave energy.
6. A radiating element comprising a segment of rectangular waveguide having a slot capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal to said slot and said waveguide, first and second cylindrical conductive posts disposed in said E-plane midway along and on opposite sides of said slot and attached vertically to the exterior side of said waveguide, said first and second posts having a height substantially equal to one-quarter free space wavelength of said microwave frequency, and first and second one-quarter wavelength conductive elements disposed in said E-plane with adjacent extremities thereof on said first and second posts, respectively, thereby to increase the gain of said radiating element.
7. A radiating element comprising a segment of rectangular waveguide having a longitudinal slot in a broad wall thereof capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal to said slot and said broad wall, first and second cylindrical conductive posts disposed in said E-plane midway along and on opposite sides of said longitudinal slot and attached vertically to the exterior side of said broad wall, said first and second posts having a height substantially equal to one-quarter free space wavelength of said microwave frequency, and first and second one-quarter wavelength conductive elements disposed in said E-plane with adjacent extremities thereof on said first and second posts, respectively, thereby to increase the gain of said radiating element.
8. The radiating element as defined in claim 7 additionally including third and fourth conductive posts of a height substantially equal to one-quarter free space wavelength disposed over said first and second posts, in contact with said first and second one-quarter wavelength elements, respectively; and third and fourth one-quarter wavelength conductive elements disposed in said E-plane with adjacent extremities thereof on said third and fourth posts, respectively.
9. A linear array of radiating elements comprising a rectangular waveguide of indeterminate length having first and second narrow walls and first and second broad walls; a plurality of longitudinal slots disposed in said first broad wall on alternate sides of the centerline thereof at uniform intervals, said respective longitudinal slots being capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal thereto and normal to said first broad wall; and means coupled to said microwave energy and attached to the exterior side of said first broad wall in said E-plane midway along and on opposite sides of each of said plurality of longitudinal slots for increasing the gain of said linear array.
10. A linear array of radiating elements comprising a rectangular waveguide having first and second narrow walls and first and second broad walls; a plurality of longitudinal slots disposed in said first broad wall on alternate sides of the centerline thereof at uniform intervals, said respective longitudinal slots being capable of radiating microwave energy having an E-plane normal thereto and normal to said first broad wall; first and second conductive posts disposed on opposite sides of and midway along each of said plurality of longitudinal slots, and first and second one-quarter wavelength elements at the frequency of said microwave energy corresponding to each first and second conductive posts, respectively, disposed in said E-plane with adjacent extremities on top thereof.
11. In a planar array of radiating elements, a plurality of segments of rectangular waveguide disposed in juxtaposition with adjacent segments having common narrow walls; a longitudinal slot in each respective broad wall of said plurality of segments of rectangulaR waveguide capable of radiating microwave energy having a common E-plane normal thereto and to said broad walls; and a conductive vertical cylinder attached to the exterior side of said broad walls midway along and intermediate each adjacent pair of said longitudinal slots.
US816480A 1969-04-02 1969-04-02 Dipole augmented slot radiating elements Expired - Lifetime US3594806A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US81648069A 1969-04-02 1969-04-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3594806A true US3594806A (en) 1971-07-20

Family

ID=25220734

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US816480A Expired - Lifetime US3594806A (en) 1969-04-02 1969-04-02 Dipole augmented slot radiating elements

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US3594806A (en)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4839663A (en) * 1986-11-21 1989-06-13 Hughes Aircraft Company Dual polarized slot-dipole radiating element
EP0428299A2 (en) * 1989-11-15 1991-05-22 Hughes Aircraft Company Slot antenna having controllable polarization
EP0642192A1 (en) * 1993-09-06 1995-03-08 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Array antenna
EP0646985A1 (en) * 1993-10-04 1995-04-05 Ford Motor Company Tuned stripline antenna with a sail
US5541612A (en) * 1991-11-29 1996-07-30 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Waveguide antenna which includes a slotted hollow waveguide
US5543810A (en) * 1995-06-06 1996-08-06 Hughes Missile Systems Company Common aperture dual polarization array fed by rectangular waveguides
US20040032374A1 (en) * 2002-08-14 2004-02-19 Lee Kuan M. Compact wide scan periodically loaded edge slot waveguide array
WO2008049778A1 (en) 2006-10-24 2008-05-02 Ste D'applications Technologiques De L'imagerie Micro-Onde Method of orthogonal-mode junction coupling with a medium to broad operating bandwidth, and coupler employing said method
US9083086B2 (en) 2012-09-12 2015-07-14 City University Of Hong Kong High gain and wideband complementary antenna
US9653810B2 (en) 2015-06-12 2017-05-16 City University Of Hong Kong Waveguide fed and wideband complementary antenna
US9905938B2 (en) 2015-01-29 2018-02-27 City University Of Hong Kong Dual polarized high gain and wideband complementary antenna
US20220200115A1 (en) * 2020-12-18 2022-06-23 Aptiv Technologies Limited Waveguide with slot-fed dipole elements
US11668787B2 (en) 2021-01-29 2023-06-06 Aptiv Technologies Limited Waveguide with lobe suppression
US11681015B2 (en) 2020-12-18 2023-06-20 Aptiv Technologies Limited Waveguide with squint alteration
US11721905B2 (en) 2021-03-16 2023-08-08 Aptiv Technologies Limited Waveguide with a beam-forming feature with radiation slots
US11749883B2 (en) 2020-12-18 2023-09-05 Aptiv Technologies Limited Waveguide with radiation slots and parasitic elements for asymmetrical coverage
US11757165B2 (en) 2020-12-22 2023-09-12 Aptiv Technologies Limited Folded waveguide for antenna
WO2023227612A1 (en) * 2022-05-25 2023-11-30 Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Antenna structure
US11901601B2 (en) 2020-12-18 2024-02-13 Aptiv Technologies Limited Waveguide with a zigzag for suppressing grating lobes
US11949145B2 (en) 2021-08-03 2024-04-02 Aptiv Technologies AG Transition formed of LTCC material and having stubs that match input impedances between a single-ended port and differential ports
US11962085B2 (en) 2021-05-13 2024-04-16 Aptiv Technologies AG Two-part folded waveguide having a sinusoidal shape channel including horn shape radiating slots formed therein which are spaced apart by one-half wavelength

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2510290A (en) * 1947-06-10 1950-06-06 Rca Corp Directional antenna
US2573461A (en) * 1942-06-27 1951-10-30 Rca Corp Antenna
US2573746A (en) * 1945-09-19 1951-11-06 Honorary Advisory Council Sci Directive antenna for microwaves
US2635189A (en) * 1945-09-14 1953-04-14 Lester C Van Atta Wave guide antenna with bisectional radiator
US3083362A (en) * 1960-02-19 1963-03-26 Gen Precision Inc Microwave beaming system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2573461A (en) * 1942-06-27 1951-10-30 Rca Corp Antenna
US2635189A (en) * 1945-09-14 1953-04-14 Lester C Van Atta Wave guide antenna with bisectional radiator
US2573746A (en) * 1945-09-19 1951-11-06 Honorary Advisory Council Sci Directive antenna for microwaves
US2510290A (en) * 1947-06-10 1950-06-06 Rca Corp Directional antenna
US3083362A (en) * 1960-02-19 1963-03-26 Gen Precision Inc Microwave beaming system

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4839663A (en) * 1986-11-21 1989-06-13 Hughes Aircraft Company Dual polarized slot-dipole radiating element
EP0428299A2 (en) * 1989-11-15 1991-05-22 Hughes Aircraft Company Slot antenna having controllable polarization
JPH03173204A (en) * 1989-11-15 1991-07-26 Hughes Aircraft Co Slot antenna having controllable polarization
EP0428299A3 (en) * 1989-11-15 1991-09-25 Hughes Aircraft Company Slot antenna having controllable polarization
JPH0666576B2 (en) 1989-11-15 1994-08-24 ヒューズ・エアクラフト・カンパニー Slot antenna
TR26140A (en) * 1989-11-15 1995-02-15 Hughes Aircraft Co CONTROLABLE POLARIZED CORRUGATED ANTENNA
US5541612A (en) * 1991-11-29 1996-07-30 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Waveguide antenna which includes a slotted hollow waveguide
EP0642192A1 (en) * 1993-09-06 1995-03-08 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Array antenna
US5714962A (en) * 1993-09-06 1998-02-03 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Array antenna
EP0646985A1 (en) * 1993-10-04 1995-04-05 Ford Motor Company Tuned stripline antenna with a sail
US5543810A (en) * 1995-06-06 1996-08-06 Hughes Missile Systems Company Common aperture dual polarization array fed by rectangular waveguides
US20040032374A1 (en) * 2002-08-14 2004-02-19 Lee Kuan M. Compact wide scan periodically loaded edge slot waveguide array
US6781554B2 (en) * 2002-08-14 2004-08-24 Raytheon Company Compact wide scan periodically loaded edge slot waveguide array
EP2092595A1 (en) * 2006-10-24 2009-08-26 STE D'Applications Technologiques De L'Imagerie Micro-Onde Method of orthogonal-mode junction coupling with a medium to broad operating bandwidth, and coupler employing said method
WO2008049778A1 (en) 2006-10-24 2008-05-02 Ste D'applications Technologiques De L'imagerie Micro-Onde Method of orthogonal-mode junction coupling with a medium to broad operating bandwidth, and coupler employing said method
US9083086B2 (en) 2012-09-12 2015-07-14 City University Of Hong Kong High gain and wideband complementary antenna
US9905938B2 (en) 2015-01-29 2018-02-27 City University Of Hong Kong Dual polarized high gain and wideband complementary antenna
US9653810B2 (en) 2015-06-12 2017-05-16 City University Of Hong Kong Waveguide fed and wideband complementary antenna
US9954288B2 (en) 2015-06-12 2018-04-24 City University Of Hong Kong Waveguide fed and wideband complementary antenna
US11749883B2 (en) 2020-12-18 2023-09-05 Aptiv Technologies Limited Waveguide with radiation slots and parasitic elements for asymmetrical coverage
US11681015B2 (en) 2020-12-18 2023-06-20 Aptiv Technologies Limited Waveguide with squint alteration
US20220200115A1 (en) * 2020-12-18 2022-06-23 Aptiv Technologies Limited Waveguide with slot-fed dipole elements
US11901601B2 (en) 2020-12-18 2024-02-13 Aptiv Technologies Limited Waveguide with a zigzag for suppressing grating lobes
US11757165B2 (en) 2020-12-22 2023-09-12 Aptiv Technologies Limited Folded waveguide for antenna
US11668787B2 (en) 2021-01-29 2023-06-06 Aptiv Technologies Limited Waveguide with lobe suppression
US11721905B2 (en) 2021-03-16 2023-08-08 Aptiv Technologies Limited Waveguide with a beam-forming feature with radiation slots
US11962085B2 (en) 2021-05-13 2024-04-16 Aptiv Technologies AG Two-part folded waveguide having a sinusoidal shape channel including horn shape radiating slots formed therein which are spaced apart by one-half wavelength
US11949145B2 (en) 2021-08-03 2024-04-02 Aptiv Technologies AG Transition formed of LTCC material and having stubs that match input impedances between a single-ended port and differential ports
WO2023227612A1 (en) * 2022-05-25 2023-11-30 Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Antenna structure

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3594806A (en) Dipole augmented slot radiating elements
US4958165A (en) Circular polarization antenna
US5039994A (en) Dipole arrays
US3681769A (en) Dual polarized printed circuit dipole antenna array
US2993205A (en) Surface wave antenna array with radiators for coupling surface wave to free space wave
US3555553A (en) Coaxial-line to waveguide transition for horn antenna
US2914766A (en) Three conductor planar antenna
KR890004467A (en) Slot antenna
US3155975A (en) Circular polarization antenna composed of an elongated microstrip with a plurality of space staggered radiating elements
US3852762A (en) Scanning lens antenna
US3044066A (en) Three conductor planar antenna
KR20050103608A (en) Square Lattice Horn Array Antenna for Circularly Polarized Reception
GB660034A (en) Improvements in antennas of the solid dielectric type
US5010351A (en) Slot radiator assembly with vane tuning
US3290688A (en) Backward angle travelling wave wire mesh antenna array
US2692336A (en) Aperture antenna
SE9101892L (en) ANTENNA
US2794185A (en) Antenna systems
US3277489A (en) Millimeter phased array
US3193831A (en) Logarithmic periodic antenna
US5559523A (en) Layered antenna
US4528568A (en) Slotted dipole with three layer transmission line feed
US3509572A (en) Waveguide fed frequency independent antenna
CA2015775A1 (en) Te mode wave flat slot array antenna
US4051476A (en) Parabolic horn antenna with microstrip feed