US3593202A - Amplitude control apparatus - Google Patents

Amplitude control apparatus Download PDF

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US3593202A
US3593202A US843422A US3593202DA US3593202A US 3593202 A US3593202 A US 3593202A US 843422 A US843422 A US 843422A US 3593202D A US3593202D A US 3593202DA US 3593202 A US3593202 A US 3593202A
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frequency
signal
parameter
amplitude
impedance
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US843422A
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Donald William Shute
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SPACE AND TACTICAL SYSTEMS COR
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SPACE AND TACTICAL SYSTEMS COR
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/12—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac

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  • Frequency responsive amplitude control apparatus including means for combining a first parameter with a second parameter to produce a third parameter, and means for varying impedance to the third parameter in response to the frequency of the third parameter introduced by the second parameter to produce a fourth parameter whose amplitude is a function of the frequency of 62, I87 the second parameter.
  • This invention relates to a frequency responsive amplitude control, and more particularly to circuits and mechanisms whereby the amplitude of a chosen parameter may be controlled in accordance with the frequency of another parameter.
  • the invention may be accomplished by a frequency responsive amplitude control apparatus including means for combining a first parameter with a second parameter to produce a third parameter. There are means for varying impedance to the third parameter in response to the frequency of the third parameter introduced by the second parameter to produce a fourth parameter whose amplitude is a function of the frequency of the second parameter.
  • FIG. I is a block diagram of a system according to this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a mechanical system according to this invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a voltage regulator circuit using a saturable inductor square wave bridge oscillator as both the source of the modulating signal and the modulator according to this invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a chart of the waveshapes appearing in the circuit of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 1 a frequency responsive amplitude control system including a modulator which combines a first input P with a second input F from source 16.
  • the output [(PXF) of modulator is delivered to a frequency sensitive impedance 12 which may be an electrical, mechanical or other type of device whose impedance to the inputflPXF) is a function of the frequency of that input.
  • the output KlflPXFH of impedance I2 has an amplitude which is a function of the freq ucncy of input F.
  • the output KLflPxFll may be submitted to a demodulator i4 along with input F to produce output K(P) which is the input P having had its amplitude varied as a function of the frequency of input F with the input F now removed.
  • the system of FIG. 1 may include electrical circuits whereby the inputs and outputs of FIG. I are electrical signals and impedance I2 is a capacitor or inductor or any other device whose impedance is a function of frequency.
  • the system of FIG. 1, may also be a mechanical system such as shown in FIG. 2.
  • Rotating wheel 20 through rod 24 imparts an oscillating motion F to lever 22 pivoted at pivot 38.
  • Motion P provided through rod 26 to pin 28 slidable in slot 30 combines with motion F to cause piston 32 to move with motion f( PXF).
  • Mass 36 attached to dash pot 34 therefore moves with a motion KUIPXFH because of the damping action of the piston 32 and dash pot 34 assembly.
  • the stroke of mass 36 may be shortened by moving pin 28 toward pivot 38 and lengthened by moving pin 28 away from pivot 38.
  • the motion KlflPXFH may be demodulated to regain motion P as modified by motion F by means of a connector rod 35 having a pin 28' slidable in slot 30 oflever 22' movable about pivot 38'. Motion F is imparted to lever 22 through rod 24' by wheel 20' so that motion K0) is established in rod 26'.
  • a regulated DC power supply may be constructed according to this invention, FIG. 3, whereby a 60 Hz. or any other power line frequency input voltage, FIG. 4 may be converted to a regulated DC output voltage E
  • the 60 Hz. input signal 50, FIG. 4 is submitted to a suitable bridge rectifier consisting of diode 52, 54, 56, 58, where the input voltage is rectified to provide a I20 Hz.
  • voltage E FIG. 4 between the cathodes of diodes 56, 58, and the anodes of diodes I50 54, and across a small, 0.1 ut', high frequency capacitor 60.
  • the voltage E is submitted to a saturable inductor square wave oscillator 62, such as described in US. Pat. No.
  • Oscillator 62 is one whose frequency of oscillation is proportional to the voltage input; as the input voltage increases the frequency of the output voltage V increases.
  • the output voltage V of oscillator 62 is a square wave, FIG. 4.
  • the output voltage of oscillator 62 is E, and V mixed together or modulated by each other, i.e. E,XV,,,, FIG. 4.
  • oscillator 62 functions as both the source 16 and modulator 10 of FIG. 1.
  • the output of oscillator 62 is connected to linear transformer 64 in series with linear inductor 66. Since the impedance of a reactive element is dependent upon the frequency of applied voltage:
  • the impedance of inductor 66 increases as the frequency of V increases. And since an increase in E, causes an increase in the frequency of V the circuit inherently performs a voltage regulation operation.
  • E increases, the impedance of inductor 66 increases and decreases the voltage V FIG. 4, across transformer 64.
  • the secondary 68 of transformer 62 is provided with two rectifiers 70, 72 that produce the voltage E FIG. 4 between them and center tap 74 across load resistor 76.
  • the V,.,, component may be removed from E, by connecting capacitor 78 in parallel with resistor 76 to produce voltage E FIG. 4.
  • the inductor and transformer may be reduced in size.
  • the frequency responsive nature of the conductor in combination with the voltage amplitude responsive nature of the oscillator 62 makes it unnecessary to filter the I20 Hz.
  • E voltage prior to delivery to oscillator 62 and requires smaller filter capacitance than conventional systems at the output, E,,, to filter out the Hz. ripple.
  • the inductor 66 may be placed in the secondary circuit of transformer 74.
  • the circuit of FIG. 3 and similar circuits according to this invention may be used to regulate DC voltages as well as AC, for example, using a "chopper circuit” to produce an alternat ing current for submission to the reactance circuit.
  • the circuit of FIG. 3 may be made a closed loop circuit by feeding back the E, voltage to drive the oscillator or other source of V Other embodiments will occur to those skilled in the art and are within the following claims:
  • a frequency responsive amplitude control circuit for varying the amplitude of a first signal in accordance with the frequency ofa second signal comprising:
  • a modulating circuit for combining a first signal with a second signal to produce a combined output signal whose frequency is that of said second signal and whose amplitude varies as the frequency of said first signal, said first and second signal being of substantially different frequencies and said first signal being that whose amplitude is to be varied;
  • frequency sensitive impedance means having high impedance to said first signal frequency and low impedance to said second signal frequency for varying the amplitude of said combined output signal as a function of the frequency ofsaid second signal;
  • demodulating means for combining said combined output signal passed by said frequency sensitive impedance and said second signal to extract said first signal whose amplitude has been altered as a function of the frequency of said second signal

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Ac-Ac Conversion (AREA)

Abstract

Frequency responsive amplitude control apparatus is disclosed including means for combining a first parameter with a second parameter to produce a third parameter, and means for varying impedance to the third parameter in response to the frequency of the third parameter introduced by the second parameter to produce a fourth parameter whose amplitude is a function of the frequency of the second parameter.

Description

United States Patent inventor Appl. No.
Filed Patented Assignee Donald William Shiite Burlington, Mass.
July 22,1969
July l3, l97l Space and Tactical Systems Corporation Burlington, Mass.
AMPLITUDE CONTROL APPARATUS 29, 29 M. 30. 30 V. 38, 48, 23', 331/23, 32, 33, 9, ll3.l;330/l0;325/l39,148,184,182, 147, I44,
Primary Examiner- Alfred L. Brody Attorney-Joseph S. landiorio ABSTRACT: Frequency responsive amplitude control apparatus is disclosed including means for combining a first parameter with a second parameter to produce a third parameter, and means for varying impedance to the third parameter in response to the frequency of the third parameter introduced by the second parameter to produce a fourth parameter whose amplitude is a function of the frequency of 62, I87 the second parameter.
FREQUENCY K f p.F K(p) MODULATOR HP 7 SENSITWE t DEMODULATOR IMPEDANCE IO 12 l4 F r J SOURCE PATENTEUJULWQYI 3593202 FREQUENCY MODULATOR F) SENSITIVE H] DEMODULATOR m IMPEDANCE I0 12 14 SOURCE FIG. 3.
SATURABLE INDUCTOR SQUARE WAVE I BRIDGE OSCILLATOR FIG. 4.
DONALD W .SHUTE INVENTOR ATTORNEY AMPLITUDE CONTROL APPARATUS BACKGROUND OF INVENTION This invention relates to a frequency responsive amplitude control, and more particularly to circuits and mechanisms whereby the amplitude of a chosen parameter may be controlled in accordance with the frequency of another parameter.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION It is an object of this invention to provide a frequency responsive amplitude control which may be embodied in an electrical system, a mechanical, hydraulic or other system whereby the amplitude of a first parameter may be controlled by the frequency ofa second.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a frequency responsive amplitude control voltage regulator whereby the frequency varies proportionally with the input voltage and inversely with the regulated output voltage.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a nondissipative voltage regulator which produces a regulated voltage whose amplitude and frequency vary proportionally so that their ratio is approximately constant.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a small, light weight, compact and reliable voltage regulator.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a frequency responsive amplitude control which in its electrical form may be utilized in various ways such as a frequency controlled regulator, a signal modulator or multiplier, a frequency controlled potentiometer or impedance.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a frequency responsive amplitude control which in its mechanical form may be utilized in various ways such as a govemer or regulator ofmotion or speed.
The invention may be accomplished by a frequency responsive amplitude control apparatus including means for combining a first parameter with a second parameter to produce a third parameter. There are means for varying impedance to the third parameter in response to the frequency of the third parameter introduced by the second parameter to produce a fourth parameter whose amplitude is a function of the frequency of the second parameter.
DISCLOSURE OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Other objects, features and advantages will occur from the following description of a preferred embodiment and the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. I is a block diagram of a system according to this invention.
FIG. 2 is a mechanical system according to this invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a voltage regulator circuit using a saturable inductor square wave bridge oscillator as both the source of the modulating signal and the modulator according to this invention.
FIG. 4 is a chart of the waveshapes appearing in the circuit of FIG. 3.
There is shown in FIG. 1 a frequency responsive amplitude control system including a modulator which combines a first input P with a second input F from source 16. The output [(PXF) of modulator is delivered to a frequency sensitive impedance 12 which may be an electrical, mechanical or other type of device whose impedance to the inputflPXF) is a function of the frequency of that input. The output KlflPXFH of impedance I2 has an amplitude which is a function of the freq ucncy of input F. The output KLflPxFll may be submitted to a demodulator i4 along with input F to produce output K(P) which is the input P having had its amplitude varied as a function of the frequency of input F with the input F now removed. The system of FIG. 1 may include electrical circuits whereby the inputs and outputs of FIG. I are electrical signals and impedance I2 is a capacitor or inductor or any other device whose impedance is a function of frequency.
The system of FIG. 1, may also be a mechanical system such as shown in FIG. 2. Rotating wheel 20 through rod 24 imparts an oscillating motion F to lever 22 pivoted at pivot 38. Motion P provided through rod 26 to pin 28 slidable in slot 30 combines with motion F to cause piston 32 to move with motion f( PXF). Mass 36 attached to dash pot 34 therefore moves with a motion KUIPXFH because of the damping action of the piston 32 and dash pot 34 assembly. The stroke of mass 36 may be shortened by moving pin 28 toward pivot 38 and lengthened by moving pin 28 away from pivot 38. As the frequency of oscillation of F increases, the impedance of dash pot 34 to motion flPXF) of piston 32 increases, and thus mass 36 tends to follow piston 32 more closely as the speed of rotation of wheel 20 increases. The motion KlflPXFH may be demodulated to regain motion P as modified by motion F by means of a connector rod 35 having a pin 28' slidable in slot 30 oflever 22' movable about pivot 38'. Motion F is imparted to lever 22 through rod 24' by wheel 20' so that motion K0) is established in rod 26'.
A regulated DC power supply may be constructed according to this invention, FIG. 3, whereby a 60 Hz. or any other power line frequency input voltage, FIG. 4 may be converted to a regulated DC output voltage E The 60 Hz. input signal 50, FIG. 4, is submitted to a suitable bridge rectifier consisting of diode 52, 54, 56, 58, where the input voltage is rectified to provide a I20 Hz. voltage E FIG. 4, between the cathodes of diodes 56, 58, and the anodes of diodes I50 54, and across a small, 0.1 ut', high frequency capacitor 60. The voltage E, is submitted to a saturable inductor square wave oscillator 62, such as described in US. Pat. No. 3,030,590, G.L. Fougere, et al., Apr. 17, I962, or any other suitable type. Oscillator 62 is one whose frequency of oscillation is proportional to the voltage input; as the input voltage increases the frequency of the output voltage V increases. The output voltage V of oscillator 62 is a square wave, FIG. 4. The output voltage of oscillator 62 is E, and V mixed together or modulated by each other, i.e. E,XV,,,, FIG. 4. Thus, oscillator 62 functions as both the source 16 and modulator 10 of FIG. 1. The output of oscillator 62 is connected to linear transformer 64 in series with linear inductor 66. Since the impedance of a reactive element is dependent upon the frequency of applied voltage:
where z is the impedance of a capacitor of capacitance C to a voltage of frequency f and Z is the impedance of an inductor of inductance L to a voltage of frequency f, the impedance of inductor 66 increases as the frequency of V increases. And since an increase in E, causes an increase in the frequency of V the circuit inherently performs a voltage regulation operation. When E, increases, the impedance of inductor 66 increases and decreases the voltage V FIG. 4, across transformer 64. The secondary 68 of transformer 62 is provided with two rectifiers 70, 72 that produce the voltage E FIG. 4 between them and center tap 74 across load resistor 76. The V,.,, component may be removed from E, by connecting capacitor 78 in parallel with resistor 76 to produce voltage E FIG. 4.
With this arrangement it is possible to convert a low frequency AC voltage to a regulated DC voltage in a nondis sipative manner. Also, if the frequency of V,.,, is high, the inductor and transformer may be reduced in size. Further, the frequency responsive nature of the conductor in combination with the voltage amplitude responsive nature of the oscillator 62 makes it unnecessary to filter the I20 Hz. E, voltage prior to delivery to oscillator 62 and requires smaller filter capacitance than conventional systems at the output, E,,, to filter out the Hz. ripple. If it is desirable to pass the modulated V voltage through the transformer 74 before limiting, the inductor 66 may be placed in the secondary circuit of transformer 74.
The circuit of FIG. 3 and similar circuits according to this invention may be used to regulate DC voltages as well as AC, for example, using a "chopper circuit" to produce an alternat ing current for submission to the reactance circuit. The circuit of FIG. 3 may be made a closed loop circuit by feeding back the E, voltage to drive the oscillator or other source of V Other embodiments will occur to those skilled in the art and are within the following claims:
What I claim is:
L A frequency responsive amplitude control circuit for varying the amplitude of a first signal in accordance with the frequency ofa second signal comprising:
a modulating circuit for combining a first signal with a second signal to produce a combined output signal whose frequency is that of said second signal and whose amplitude varies as the frequency of said first signal, said first and second signal being of substantially different frequencies and said first signal being that whose amplitude is to be varied;
means for providing said second signal to said modulating I5 circuit;
frequency sensitive impedance means having high impedance to said first signal frequency and low impedance to said second signal frequency for varying the amplitude of said combined output signal as a function of the frequency ofsaid second signal; and
demodulating means for combining said combined output signal passed by said frequency sensitive impedance and said second signal to extract said first signal whose amplitude has been altered as a function of the frequency of said second signal,
2 The circuit of claim I in which said first signal is of substantially lower frequency than said second frequency.

Claims (2)

1. A frequency responsive amplitude control circuit for varying the amplitude of a first signal in accordance with the frequency of a second signal comprising: a modulating circuit for combining a first signal with a second signal to produce a combined output signal whose frequency is that of said second signal and whose amplitude varies as the frequency of said first signal, said first and second signal being of substantially different frequencies and said first signal being that whose amplitude is to be varied; means for providing said second signal to said modulating circuit; frequency sensitive impedance means having high impedance to said first signal frequency and low impedance to said second signal frequency for varying the amplitude of said combined output signal as a function of the frequency of said second signal; and demodulating means for combining said combined output signal passed by said frequency sensitive impedance and said second signal to extract said first signal whose amplitude has been altered as a function of the frequency of said second signal.
2. The circuit of claim 1 in which said first signal is of substantially lower frequency than said second frequency.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3943407A (en) * 1973-08-01 1976-03-09 Scientific Enterprises, Inc. Method and apparatus for producing increased quantities of ions and higher energy ions

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2790905A (en) * 1953-06-09 1957-04-30 Marconi Wireless Telegraph Co Automatic frequency control
US3007043A (en) * 1954-07-09 1961-10-31 Itt Automatic frequency control system
US3030590A (en) * 1958-09-26 1962-04-17 Sylvania Thorn Colour Television Laboratories Ltd Electric power converters
US3168705A (en) * 1962-08-01 1965-02-02 Okamura Shiro Signal delaying apparatus
US3245005A (en) * 1962-10-04 1966-04-05 Int Standard Electric Corp Frequency modulated transmitter monitor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2790905A (en) * 1953-06-09 1957-04-30 Marconi Wireless Telegraph Co Automatic frequency control
US3007043A (en) * 1954-07-09 1961-10-31 Itt Automatic frequency control system
US3030590A (en) * 1958-09-26 1962-04-17 Sylvania Thorn Colour Television Laboratories Ltd Electric power converters
US3168705A (en) * 1962-08-01 1965-02-02 Okamura Shiro Signal delaying apparatus
US3245005A (en) * 1962-10-04 1966-04-05 Int Standard Electric Corp Frequency modulated transmitter monitor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3943407A (en) * 1973-08-01 1976-03-09 Scientific Enterprises, Inc. Method and apparatus for producing increased quantities of ions and higher energy ions

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