US358838A

US358838A - Wheel-harrow

Info

Publication number: US358838A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1887-03-08
Anticipated expiration: 1904-03-08

Description

(No Model.)

M. CHANDLER.

WHEEL HARROW'.

No. 358,838. Patented Mar. 8, 1887,

UNITE STATES PATENT FFiCE.

MOSES CHANDLER, OF EAST CORINTH, MAINE.

WHEEL-HARROW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.358,838, dated March 8, 1887.

h Application filed April 19, 1886. Serial No.109,420. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Mosns CHANDLER, a citizen of the United States, residing at East Corinth, in the county of- Penobscot and State of Maine, have invented certain new and useful Improvernentsin Wheel-Harrows, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in wheel-barrows; and it consists of the peculiar combination of devices and novel construction and arrangement of the various parts for service, substantially as hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

The primary object of my invention is to provide animproved wheel-barrow with means whereby the blades or disks can be readily and easily adjusted to any desired angle or pitch to the line of draft.

A further object is to provide means which can be readily detached to permit the device to be used as a straddlerow cultivator, and to provide adjustable devices which can be moved so that the relative distances between the same can be varied, in order to accommodate rows of different widths.

A further object of my invention is to pro vide a wheel-barrow with improved means for rendering the carrier-beams thereof resilient or yielding, to accommodate itself to any unevenness in the soil or ground, which means can be very readily replaced by a fixed block, to render the carrier-beam rigid or fixed.

A further object ofmyinvention is to provide improved means for supporting the disks or retary blades of my improved harrow, which shall run very smoothly and freely without requiring the same to be lubricated, and to provide means for locking the nuts on the shaft or bolt of the bearings for the rotary blades or disks, so that they will not be liable to displacement by the resistance and pressure exerted by the soil onthe disks as they are drawn through the soil, all as more fully hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a wheel-barrow embodying my inven tion, Figure l is atop plan view showing the apparatus in position for use. Fig. 2 is an enlarged rear elevation of one section of the harrow. Fig. 3 is a detached plan view of the carrier-beam of one section of the harrow. Fig. 4 is adetail view in elevation of a portion of the bearings of one pair of the rotary blades or disks. Fig. 5 is an end view of the device for locking the nut on the spindle of one pair of the rotary disks.

the bearings therefor, in order to clearly show the construction of the latter.

Referring to the drawings, in which like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures, A designates the draft beam or tongue of my improved wheel-harrow, to the rear end of which is rigidly affixed a. horizontal transverse beam, B, which is arranged at right angles to the tongue, the said beam being provided with vertical longitudinal slots 6, for a purpose presently explained. An incli ned seat-standard, O, is rigidly affixed to the rear end of the tongue, and at its upper end an ordinary seat, 0, is affixed or secured thereto in any preferable manner, so that the driver can ride upon the implement, if desired.

Handles D are rigidly affixed at their lower ends to the rear end of the tongue or beam, and the upper ends of the handles are connected by a transverse tie bar or rod which braces the handles, so that they are rendered rigid and firm, these handles being grasped by the attendant inorder to guide the implement when it is used as a cultivator of the straddlerow class, to which purpose my invention is also adapted, as well as for use as an ordinary harrow to pulverize the ground.

E designates a holding-plate, which is rigidly affixed to the upper side of the tongue or beam by bolts or other suitable fastenings, and the side edges of the plate are provided with a series of transverse apertures, e, to which are connected the inner ends of independentlyadjustable check-rods F, which are connected at their rear ends to the adjustable beams of the side sections, G, of the harrow. The said beams of the side sections are pivotally connected through intermediate devices with the fixed transverse beam B of the harrow, so that the positions of the said beams can be varied to change the relative position of the rotary disks of the line of draft of the implement; and the said beams are held in their adj nsted positions by the check-rods F, the inner ends of which are adj ustably connected to the fixed holding-plate E on the tongue of the implement.

H designates vertically-disposed standards,

Fig. 6 is a vertical sec- 'tional view through one pair of the disks and one of which is arranged on each side of the central tongue or beam of the harrow; and the upper ends of these standards are adjustably secured in the longitudinal slots in the fixed transverse beam B by a bolt, as shown, or any other suitable means. The lower end of each of these standards is provided with an integral bearing, I, of peculiar form, in which are journaled the disks or rotary blades of the harrow, one pair of these disks being carried by each of the standards, and they are adjustable with the standards laterally of the beam or tongue. The harrow-sections G each comprise a horizontal carrier-beam, J, and two or more vertically-disposed standards, K, which depend from the carrier-beams, to which they are rigidly affixed, each of the said standards being provided with a pair of the rotary disks or blades.

The inner end of the carrier-beams of each section is bifurcated, as at j, and the vertical standard H at one side of the central tongue or beam is fitted in the bifurcated portion of the said beam, a spring-key, j, being passed through aligned openings in the inner end of the said beamand the standard, so that they are pivotally and detachably connected together. It will be seen that the beam of the harrow-section can be moved backward or forward on its pivot, so as to vary the inclination of the disks to the line of draft, and, further, that it is held against retrograde movement when the implement is drawn along by the check or stay rods.

By removing the spring-keys and detaching the check-rods, the harrow-sections, including their standards and disks, can be very readily disconnected from the implement to adapt the latter for service as a straddle-row cultivator, the standards H and their disks being then connected to the fixed transverse beam B only. The beams of the harrow-sections are also capable of a vertical swinging movement on the spring-key, which thereby serve as pivots, in order to permit the beams and disks to accommodate themselves to any unevenness in the ground, and the disks or blades of the sections are normally pressed downward by means of a spring, L, which is interposed between the fixed transverse beam of the harrow and the horizontal carrier-beam J of the sections G thereof. This spring is preferably a fiat spring, although a coiled or helical spring can be substituted therefor, the ends of the said spring being connected inany suitable manner to the fixed transverse beam and the vertical swinging beam of the sections; and the spring yields to any upward pressure exerted thereon by the horizontal beam J, so that the blades or disks can readily accommodate themselves tothe uneven character of the ground, and still be held in contact therewith by the gravity of the harrow-section and the pressure of the spring thereon. In lieu, however, of the spring to permit the vertical yielding movement of the harrow-section, a fixed block or other rigid device can beplaced between the beam of the harrow-section and the transverse fixed beam B, so that the harrow-section is effectually prevented from vertical movement, except when the frame of the implement rises and falls in its progress over the field, as will be very readily understood.

Each of the standards H and K of the harrow of my invention is provided at its lower end with a hearing, I, which is formed or cast integral therewith. This bearing is arranged in a horizontal position'transversely of the standard, and the ends of the said bearing are extendedbeyond the sidesof the standard for a short distance, as shown. The bearing is made in the form of two cones, with their apices placed together, and through the said double cone-shaped bearing is formed a longitudinal passage or opening, which is of varying diameter throughout the entire length of one of the cone-shaped ends.

Each end of the bearing is provided with a sleeve, 1, which is in the form of a cone, and fits snugly therein to rotate freely with the spindle or shaft of the pair of the disks or blades that are carried by the standard. The cone-shaped sleeves which fit in the opposite ends of the bearing are arranged out of contact with each other at their inner ends within the bearing, and the outer extremities of the said sleeves are provided with integral flanges or rims i, which project outwardly from the sleeves, the diameter of the rims or flanges being greater than the greatest diameter of the cone-shaped sleeves. These flanges or rimst' are arranged in an inclined position, or at an angle to the sleeves, and they are projected beyond the outer terminal ends of the sleeves, so that they will bear snugly against the disks of the harrow and over the same at their center, so that the joint between the disks and sleeves will be effectually covered to prevent the soil from entering the joint to fall on the axle, which is liable to cause undue friction on the latter and wear it away. I

M designates an axle or spindle, which passes centrally through the cone-shaped sleeves of the bearing, and which serves to securely c0nnect the sleeves together and the disks to the sleeves. These disks N of the harrow are made concavo-convex in form, and at their centers they are each provided with a square opening, a, through which passes the square shaft or spindle M. This shaft is made square or rectangular in cross-section, except at one end, where it is rounded and provided with exterior screw-threads to adapt a nut, m, to be screwed thereon. The opposite end of the square spindle or shaft is provided with an enlarged head, m, that bears against the concave face of one of the disks N, and this shaft passes through and is connected with the coneshaped sleeves, so that it rotates with the said sleeves and the disks, as will be very readily understood.

The flanges or rims at the ends of the sleeves bear against the inner faces of the disks, and the square shaft passes through the square ICO openings in the disks and through the sleeves, the head of the shaft bearing against the concave face of one of the disks, while the other end of the shaft has the nut m, bearing against the other disk of the pair against which the rim or flange of the other sleeve bears, thus connecting all of the parts securely together. The sleeves are fitted in the bearing, and they rotate freely therein with the spindle or shaft and the disks on the shaft. The bearing and the rotary sleeves operating therein are made of chilled iron, so that they will polish themselves by the small amount of friction and wear on their opposing surfaces, and willnot require lubricating in order to secure the free rotation thereof.

A Washer, O, is interposed between the nut and the flange or rim on the sleeve in proximity thereto, and this washer has a fixed stop or lug, 0, thereon, and one end of a lockingspring, P, connected thereto. This lockingspring is arranged on the outer side of the washer, and comprises a vertical and horizontal arm, 1) 1), respectively. The horizontal arm 19 is suitably connected to the Washer, and both arms are arranged in close proximity to the nut, to bear thereon and prevent its rotation on the threaded end of the spindle, the

free end of the vertical arm being normally in contact with the lug or stop on the washer. The nut can be readily rotated by a suitable implement in the hands of the attendant after the free end of the vertical arm of the spring has been raised out of engagement with the stop or lug 0, so that the spring readily yields to permit theangle or corners of the nut to pass the same, and the spring normally bears against two sides of the nut to pre entit from becoming loose on the spindle under the pressure of the rotary disk on the nut as it travels over the ground.

This being the construction of my improved wheel-harrow, the operation thereof is as follows: The side sections of the harrow are properly adjusted to the desired angle, so that the rotary disks on the sections lie at the proper angle to the line of draft of the implement, the check or stay rods being also suitably adjusted to prevent retrograde movement of the sections as the implement is drawn across the field. The driver can walk alongside of the implement or seat himself on the seat thereof, and the side sections, together with the disks, accommodate themselves to the uneven surface of the ground, the springs being compressed and expanded according to the movement of the beams. The standards and bearings are fixed in place, and the disks, the sleeves, and the spindle rotate together.

In order to adapt the implement for service as a straddle-row cultivator, the spring-keys and check-rods are removed and the carrierbeams thereby detached from the implement, thus leaving two standards attached to the fixed transverse beam and arranged on opposite sides of the central tongue or beam. The standards II are properly adjusted to the desired distance on opposite sides of the central beam, so as to straddle the rows of plants,and the handles are grasped by the operator so-as to properly guide the implement.

I desire to state that while I deem the devices herein shown and described as best adapted for carrying my invention into practice, still I reserve the right to make such changes in the form and proportion of parts as fairly fall within the spirit of myinvention.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 7 1. In a wheel-harrow, the combination ofa central beam or tongue, the transverse beam affixed thereto, the depending standards connected to the transverse beam and carrying the rotary disks, and the harrow-sections connected with the depending standard. and the fixed transverse beam and having the rotary disks, substantially asdeseribed, for the purpose sct forth.

2. In a wheel-harrow, the combination of a central beam or tongue, a transverse beam rigidly affixed thereto, the depending standards connected to the transverse beam on opposite sides of the central beam and carrying the rotary disks, the harrow-sections having the beams thereof pivotally connected at their inner ends to the standards, and the adjustable stay-rods connected to the beams of the harrow-sections and the tongue, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

3. In a wheel-harrow, the combination of a central tongue or bean1,the transverse beam affixed thereto,the depending standards carrying the rotary disks, the harrowsections having the beams thereof pivotally connected at theirinner ends to the depending standards and capable of vertical movement on the pivots, the springs intermediate of the fixed transverse beams and the harrow-sections, and the stayrods connected to the beams of the harrowsections, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

4. In a wheel-harrow, thecombination of the central beam or tongue, the transverse beam rigidly affixed thereto, the depending standards connected to the fixed transverse beam, arranged on opposite sides of the tongue and carrying the rotary disks,the horizontal beams of the harrow-sections pivotally connected at theirinner ends to the depending standards at an intermediate point of the length of the latter and thereby arranged beneath the fixed transverse beam, the stay-rods connected to the beams of the harrow-sections, and the standards having the disks connected to the said harrow sections, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

5. In a wheelharrow, the combination of a central tongue or beam, the fixed transverse beam, the standards connected to the said transverse beam and carrying the rotary disks at their lower ends, the horizontal beams de tachably connected to the depending standcheck-rods detachably connected to the central tongue or beam, whereby the harrow-secfitted on the spindle to rotate the latter, the tions and the check-rods thereof can be reflanges of the sleeves bearing against the said moved to adapt the implement for service as disks, a nut fitted on one end of the spindle, a cultivator, substantially as described. a washer, and a spring connected to the washer 6. The combination of the standard having for locking the nut against rotation, substanthe integral double-cone-shaped bearing, the tially as described, for the purpose set forth. conical sleeves fitted 1n opposite ends of the I MOSES CHANDLER.

bearing and having the aligned central openings and the enlarged flanges at their outer ends, the square spindle passing through the said sleeves and rotating therewith, the disks \Vitnesses:

IRA W. DAVIS, WILLIAM F. J onnsom