US3587393A - Hydraulic circuit breaker - Google Patents

Hydraulic circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
US3587393A
US3587393A US3587393DA US3587393A US 3587393 A US3587393 A US 3587393A US 3587393D A US3587393D A US 3587393DA US 3587393 A US3587393 A US 3587393A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
flow
circuit breaker
pressure
utilization device
orifices
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
Inventor
Ralph L Vick
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Bendix Corp
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Bendix Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bendix Corp filed Critical Bendix Corp
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Publication of US3587393A publication Critical patent/US3587393A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B20/00—Safety arrangements for fluid actuator systems; Applications of safety devices in fluid actuator systems; Emergency measures for fluid actuator systems
    • F15B20/005—Leakage; Spillage; Hose burst
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2496—Self-proportioning or correlating systems
    • Y10T137/2544—Supply and exhaust type

Definitions

  • a circuit breaker device is disclosed which is interposed between a source of fluid under pressure and a utilization device such as an actuator.
  • a piston-type shutoff valve is included which is spring biased toward its open position.
  • a pair of fixed orifices measure the flow toward the utilization device and from the utilization device to the return side of the fluid pressure source. The pressure drop across these orifices is controlled by means of a slide valve biased in one direction with a light spring.
  • a hydraulic safety mechanism in the form of a circuit breaker device which sensesand responds to a flow of fluid greater than required for normal control and which is thus indicative of leaks in hydraulic conduits to block the flow offluid from the source.
  • the circuit breaker is basi' cally a pressure conduit and return conduit flow measuring, comparing and error integrating device.
  • the pressure conduit and return conduit flows are continually measured using the combination of fixed and variable area orifices.
  • the resulting differential pressures are compared (summed) across a pistontype shutoff valve. Any difference between the flows above a given threshold results in movement of the shutoff valve.
  • a predetermined value of flow error for a given period .of time will cause sufficient displacement of the piston so that the pressure conduit flow is shutoff.
  • FIG. l is a schematic diagram of a simple hydraulic. circuit showing the manner in which my circuit breaker may be incorporated therein.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a hydraulic circuit breaker incorporating my invention.
  • a pump I for supplying fluid through a conduit 12 to an inlet port 1T3 of a hydraulic circuit breaker device shown generally at numeral M.
  • the continuation of conduit 12 is shown as a line I6 connecting an outlet port 17 (FIG. 2) to a control valve 115 receiving a mechanical input signal from a control rod 119.
  • Control valve supplies high pressure fluid to one side or the other of a utilization device 118 shown as an actuator or hydraulic motor including a cylinder 20, a piston 22 movable in said cylinder, and an output shaft 24 attached to the piston which may operate a control surface or perform other work.
  • a stepped piston shutoff valve 36 is movable in a chamber 38 which is bored to two different diameters such that four pressure-sensing chambers A0, 412, M and 46 are defined.
  • a spring 46 in chamber 46 urges the piston valve 36 toward its open position, as shown.
  • FIG. 1 Another bore 50 in the housing of circuit breaker I41 has positioned therein a manifold 52 within which is positioned a spool valve member 54 having a plurality oflands and annular passages cooperating with the manifold 52 to direct flow through several passageways to be described.
  • a light spring 56 in a chamber 58 biases valve member 56 toward the left, as shown.
  • Fluid at high pressure is supplied from pump It) to inlet port 13 and into a chamber 60 where it exerts a force against an area on the left end of spool valve 54 tending to urge valve 56 to the right. Fluid at this pressure is also supplied through. a passageway 62 to an annular chamber 64, which is blocked when valve 54 is positioned as shown.
  • a fixed orifice 66 in a passageway 66 provides restricted communication between inlet port 13 and an annular chamber 70 in manifold 52 which communicates through a passageway 72 with pressure-sensing chamber 40.
  • An additional fixed orifice 74 in a passageway 76 connects inlet port 13 with a passage 78 which communicates with pressure chamber 38.
  • Chamber 58 is also n communication with passage 78 through passageways 80 and 82 and annular chamber 84.
  • Return fluid from actuator 20 flowing through conduit 26 appears at return inlet port 28 and flows through a passage 86 and manifold 52 to an annular chamber 88 which is arranged so that the pressures acting against valve member 54 are balanced.
  • a short passage 90 communicates with an additional annular chamber 92 shown dead ended with the valve member 54 positioned as illustrated.
  • a passage as containing an orifice 96 provides communication between chamber 92 and the return outlet port 30 which also communicates through a passage 97 with chamber 412.
  • An additional annular chamber 96 is formed in manifold 62 which communicates with a passage I90 connected to chamber 66.
  • Return fluid pressure in passage 86 communicates with passage 100 through a passage 102 containing a restriction IM.
  • actuator 16 has an output shaft on one side of piston 22 which is not balanced on the opposite side.
  • piston 22 moves toward the left, more fluid must enter on the right side from conduit 116 than flows out of the left side into return conduit 26.
  • This condition produces the same effect as that indicating a leak in line 26, and piston valve 36 will begin moving in a closing direction.
  • the piston shutoff valve will not reach a closed position until some time after the actuator has traveled full stroke. If unbalanced flows persist after the actuator reaches the end of its travel, an actual leak is indicated, and the valve 36 will close, shutting off all additional flow to the actuator. In normal operation the unbalanced flow condition will no longer prevail, the fluid pressures acting on the right end of valve 36 will increase to normal values, and piston 36 will return to the position illustrated.
  • the additional damping areas in parallel with orifices as and 104 are also needed to increase the velocity of shutoff valve 36 to prevent excessive fluid loss while accomplishing shutoff during transient operation and also to minimize pressure losses.
  • the size of the variable area damping orifices must be sufficiently small to prevent piston valve 36 from closing too rapidly during an unbalanced actuator's maximum velocity condition or any other short duration, transient, out of balance flow conditions.
  • the damping orifice areas must be large enough to allow sufficient velocity of piston shutoff valve 36 to prevent excessive fluid loss.
  • circuit breaker 14 is shown as a single unit, but may include separate housing structures for each of the spool valve and manifold assembly 52, 54 and the shutoff valve 1% with passageways 72, 73, 86, 97 and extended as needed.
  • spool valve and manifold assembly 52, 54 and the shutoff valve 1% with passageways 72, 73, 86, 97 and extended as needed.
  • Those skilled in the art will recognize that a number of modifications as to valving and porting are possible within the scope of the present invention. As an example, applicant has used a double poppet valve arrangement in place of the stepped motor 36, and other similar arrangements for comparing the flows across the control orifices may be used.
  • a hydraulic circuit breaker device comprising:
  • shutoff valve member disposed in said first and second conduits and movable to block said first conduit and resilient means urging said cutoff valve in an opening direction
  • control valve means disposed in said first and second conduits and effective in response to small pressure differentials reflecting increases in flow demand by said utilization device to increase the flow through said circuit breaker device to maintain a substantially constant pressure differential thereacross.
  • control valve means comprises a valve member movable in response to changes in the differential between the fluid pressures acting in said first conduit at the inlet to said circuit breaker device and downstream of said circuit breaker.
  • a hydraulic circuit breaker device as set forth in claim I wherein said flow summing means comprises, in addition to said resilient means, a first control surface on said valve member which is exposed to the fluid pressure at the inlet to said circuit breaker device, said inlet pressure acting to oppose the force of said resilient means,
  • control valve means comprises a valve member movable in response to changes in the differential between the fluid pressures acting in said first conduit at the inlet to said circuit breaker device and downstream of said circuit breaker.
  • a hydraulic circuit breaker device comprising:
  • a piston shutoff valve member in said housing movable to close said first conduit having a plurality of control surfaces, and resilient means acting against one of said surfaces to urge said valve member in an opening direction;
  • damping means operatively connected to said piston shutoff valve member for controlling its velocity of movement, and control valve means disposed in said first and second conduits and effective to open orifices in parallel with said restricted passage means in response to slight pressure differentials reflecting increases in flow demand by said utilization device to thereby maintain a substantially constant pressure differential across said housing means.
  • a hydraulic circuit breaker device comprising:
  • housing means interconnecting said first and second circuits including a first port communicating with the high pressure side of said source, a second port communicating through said first conduit with said utilization device, a third port communicating through said second conduit with said utilization device, and a fourth port communicating with the return side of said source;
  • shutoff valve member in said housing movable to block said first conduit having a plurality of control surfaces and resilient means acting against a first of said surfaces to urge said valve member in an opening direction
  • control valve means disposed in said first and second conduits and effective to open orifices in parallel with said second and third restricted passageways in response to slight increases in the fluid pressure differential between said first and second ports suclh that the pressure diffcrential across said housing means remains substantially constant irrespective of the flow requirements of said utilization device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)
US3587393D 1969-12-29 1969-12-29 Hydraulic circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime US3587393A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US88869269A 1969-12-29 1969-12-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3587393A true US3587393A (en) 1971-06-28

Family

ID=25393685

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US3587393D Expired - Lifetime US3587393A (en) 1969-12-29 1969-12-29 Hydraulic circuit breaker

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3587393A (de)
JP (1) JPS544031B1 (de)
CA (1) CA923404A (de)
DE (1) DE2063318C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2073503B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1299658A (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3685531A (en) * 1970-10-12 1972-08-22 Bertea Corp Circuit breaker
DE2415795A1 (de) * 1974-04-01 1975-10-16 Messmann Josef Fa Schlauchbruch-sicherung fuer hydraulische leitungen
DE2547912A1 (de) * 1974-10-28 1976-05-06 Samefa Ab Rohrleitungssystem mit schutzvorrichtung gegen bruch und undichtigkeit
US4008731A (en) * 1971-03-08 1977-02-22 I-T-E Imperial Corporation Counterbalance valve
US4274328A (en) * 1977-06-06 1981-06-23 J. I. Case Company Automatic hydraulic shut-off system
US4282797A (en) * 1977-02-09 1981-08-11 J. I. Case Company Protective fluid system
US4518004A (en) * 1983-11-21 1985-05-21 Hr Textron Inc. Multifunction valve
US4611620A (en) * 1981-04-02 1986-09-16 Parker Hannifin Corporation Hydraulic circuit breaker
US5915282A (en) * 1995-12-14 1999-06-22 Abbott Laboratories Fluid handler and method of handling a fluid
US20140312170A1 (en) * 2013-02-28 2014-10-23 Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation Actuator device for aircraft, and aircraft
US10337631B1 (en) * 2018-10-17 2019-07-02 Altec Industries, Inc. System and method for automatic shutoff of a hydraulic fluid flow in the event of a loss in pressure

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2533164C3 (de) * 1975-07-24 1982-02-11 International Harvester Company Mbh, 4040 Neuss Hydraulische Steuereinrichtung für ein Hydrauliksystem

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1490736A (fr) * 1966-06-24 1967-08-04 Perfectionnements aux dispositifs de secours pour circuits hydrauliques
US3502102A (en) * 1967-07-26 1970-03-24 Bell Aerospace Corp Flow operated shutoff valve

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3685531A (en) * 1970-10-12 1972-08-22 Bertea Corp Circuit breaker
US4008731A (en) * 1971-03-08 1977-02-22 I-T-E Imperial Corporation Counterbalance valve
DE2415795A1 (de) * 1974-04-01 1975-10-16 Messmann Josef Fa Schlauchbruch-sicherung fuer hydraulische leitungen
DE2547912A1 (de) * 1974-10-28 1976-05-06 Samefa Ab Rohrleitungssystem mit schutzvorrichtung gegen bruch und undichtigkeit
US4282797A (en) * 1977-02-09 1981-08-11 J. I. Case Company Protective fluid system
US4274328A (en) * 1977-06-06 1981-06-23 J. I. Case Company Automatic hydraulic shut-off system
US4611620A (en) * 1981-04-02 1986-09-16 Parker Hannifin Corporation Hydraulic circuit breaker
US4518004A (en) * 1983-11-21 1985-05-21 Hr Textron Inc. Multifunction valve
US5915282A (en) * 1995-12-14 1999-06-22 Abbott Laboratories Fluid handler and method of handling a fluid
US20140312170A1 (en) * 2013-02-28 2014-10-23 Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation Actuator device for aircraft, and aircraft
US10183739B2 (en) * 2013-02-28 2019-01-22 Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation Actuator device for aircraft, and aircraft
US10337631B1 (en) * 2018-10-17 2019-07-02 Altec Industries, Inc. System and method for automatic shutoff of a hydraulic fluid flow in the event of a loss in pressure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2063318C3 (de) 1979-11-29
JPS544031B1 (de) 1979-03-01
CA923404A (en) 1973-03-27
DE2063318A1 (de) 1971-07-01
FR2073503A1 (de) 1971-10-01
DE2063318B2 (de) 1979-04-12
GB1299658A (en) 1972-12-13
FR2073503B1 (de) 1975-06-06

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