US3584751A - Mechanical earth working machine - Google Patents

Mechanical earth working machine Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3584751A
US3584751A US846135A US3584751DA US3584751A US 3584751 A US3584751 A US 3584751A US 846135 A US846135 A US 846135A US 3584751D A US3584751D A US 3584751DA US 3584751 A US3584751 A US 3584751A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
tool
parallelogram
rams
height
adjusting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US846135A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jean-Pierre B Bellart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Poclain SA
Original Assignee
Poclain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Poclain SA filed Critical Poclain SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3584751A publication Critical patent/US3584751A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E02F3/32—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working downwardly and towards the machine, e.g. with backhoes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E02F3/301—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom with more than two arms (boom included), e.g. two-part boom with additional dipper-arm
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
    • E02F3/43—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations
    • E02F3/435—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like
    • E02F3/437—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like providing automatic sequences of movements, e.g. linear excavation, keeping dipper angle constant

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a mechanical earth working machine, such as a mechanical excavator or loader, so designed as to permit rectilinear movement of the tool, the height and direction of travel of the tool also being selectively adjustable depending upon the work to be carried out, each of the said adjustments being produced automatically.
  • SHEET 1 BF 4 lNYE/Vfdfl JEAN-Remus. B. BELL-A21 A? rrammrs PATENTEDJum 519m 3584751 SHEET a 0F 4 INVENTOK IEAM- Pamzma B. BaLLmz-r Y1 0,501 M 'cemmwe.
  • MECHANICAL EARTH WORKING MACHINE Mechanical earth working machines are already known which partly carry out the functions of the machines according to the invention. Thus, there are machines provided with a telescopic jib having a working tool articulated at the end thereof. Such equipment has certain disadvantages, however, more particularly considerable length of the operating mechanism even in the retracted position. Consequently, these machines are relatively difficult to use. Machines of this type are also unable to carry out all the work which the machines according to the invention are required to perform, as will be apparent hereinafter.
  • the object of the invention is to obviate these disadvantages.
  • it allows conventional usage without any modification of its working equipment.
  • the invention relates to a mechanical earthworking machine comprising a turret, a jib mounted pivotally on the turret, a tool operating mechanism comprising two defon'nable parallelograms, whose major sides are equal and are simultaneously adapted to be oriented according to equal and opposite angles by means of an angular orientation mechanism, and a means of adjusting the height of the tool with respect to the ground, characterized in that the angular orientation mechanism for the major sides of the parallelogram supporting the tool are pivotally connected to the means for adjusting the height of the tool with respect to the ground, while the means for adjusting the height of the tool is of the parallel-displacement type.
  • the means for adjusting the height of the tool consists of a deformable parallelogram.
  • the angular orientation mechanism rams are advantageously fed in series.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevationof a machine according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view of part of the pressure fluid supply circuit for the orientation rams for the major sides of the parallelograms;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic side elevation of a variant of the machine according to the invention:
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view of part of the pressure fluid supply circuit for the rams for controlling the two parallelograms whose major sides are equal, with reference to the variant shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view of part of a variant of the machine according to the invention.
  • the machine according to the invention illustrated in FIG. 1, comprises a main chassis 29 mounted on wheels or an endless track 30.
  • a turret 31 is rotatably mounted on the chassis 29 and carries a jib 1 pivotally connected thereto on a horizontal axis 13.
  • the jib 1 is mounted to pivot about the axis 13, its angle of inclination being adjustable by means of a ram 25 pivotally mounted to the jib 1 and the turret 31 by means of pivots and 16 respectively.
  • the tool operating mechanism comprises a system of levers interconnected by pivots and adjustable as to shape and position by means of rams.
  • the lever system comprises levers 2 and 3 pivotally connected at 14 and 13 to jib 1 and at 28 and 19 to a beam 4.
  • a ram 5 is mounted between the lever 3 and the beam 4 on pivots 17 and 18 respectively.
  • the pivots or axes 18, 19 and 28 on beam 4 are in alignment.
  • the levers 2 and 3 are equal in length and the distances between the pivots l9 and 28 and 13 and 14 are equal, so that the geometric figure formed by the levers 2 and 3 and the straight-line portions of the jib 1 and the beam 4 between pivots l9-28and 13-14 respectively is a parallelogram which is deformable by means of the ram 5.
  • a parallelogram is formed by levers 6 and 7 which are pivotally connected at 32 and 33 to the beam 4 and at 27 and'26 to a link 8, the distances between pivots 26-27 and pivots 32-33 being equal.
  • a ram 24 is mounted between this latter parallelogram and the beam 4, being pivotally connected at 26 to said parallelogram and at 34 to the beam 4 and serves to control the shape and position of said parallelogram.
  • Two levers 9 and 10 equal in length to levers 2 and 3 are pivotally connected respectively at 27 and 26 to the link 8 and at 22 and 21 to a rocker arm 11.
  • the distances between pivots 26-27 and 21-22 are equal so that the geometric figure represented by the quadrilateral 21-22-27-26 is a parallelogram.
  • Said parallelogram is deformable by means of a ram 12 pivotally mounted at 20 on the lever 9 and at 21 on the lever 10.
  • the working tool 35 which in the example shown is a drag bucket, is articulated on the rocker arm 11 about pivotal axis 36 and a jack 23 for controlling the movement of the bucket 35 is mounted between the rocker arm 11 and an intermediate rocker arm 39.
  • the ram is connected to the rocker arm 11 by a pivot 37 and the intermediate rocker arm 11 isconnected to the bucket 35 by a pivoted link 39.
  • the levers 2, 7 and 10 and the jib 1 and rocker arm 11 are formed by two parallel lever parts so as to allow movement of the various rams between the two parts of said levers.
  • the jib and the bucket operating mechanism is shown in full lines in its operative position in FIG. 1 and in its inoperative position in broken lines.
  • the straight lines AB and CD show the rectilinear paths of the tool in each case. Construction is such that the triangles formed by the pivotal axes 20-21-22 and 17-18-19 are similar and remain so during operation. For this purpose the distances between the axes 18-19 and 21-22 are in the same ratio as those of the axes 17-18 and 20-21 of the rams 5 and 12 are also in the same ratio. These distances apply when the rams are in similar end positions and in intermediate positions.
  • the condition is satisfied by providing movements of the rams 5 and 12 in the required ratio, and this can be achieved, for example, by using a refeed hydraulic system such as illustrated in FIG. 2 and which comprises three-way distributors 40 and 41 associated with the rams 5 and 12.
  • These distributors are conventional and allow the corresponding ram to be supplied in either direction, a neutral inoperative position being provided between the two end positions.
  • the rams are disposed in similar ways with the rods 42 and 43 extending upwardly, for example, the bottom chambers being 44 and 45 and the top chambers 46 and 47.
  • the two distributors 40 and 41 are in similar positions and are pulled downwards, so that, for example, the chamber 46 of the ram 5 is connected to the chamber 45 of the ram 12, whereby the fluid expelled from the former by the movement of the piston supplies the second and causes its piston to move.
  • This system is conventional and .it is known that if the sections of the top chamber 46 of the ram 5 and of the bottom chamber of the ram 12 are made in inverse ratio to the required travel, the required result is obtained inasmuch as the distributors are controlled simultaneously and in the same direction.
  • the supply of pressure fluid is through the conduit 48 but the delivery to the reservoir 49 is through conduit 50.
  • the rams 5 and 12 can thus be fed in series, control of the distributor being selectively chosen to be dependent on or independent of one another.
  • FIG. 3 A modified form of the hereinbefore-described machine is illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 3. Most of the parts of the first embodiment are shown and like references denote like parts. This modification differs from the first embodiment mainly in the formulation of the parallelograms whose major sides are equal.
  • the straight line passing through the axes l8 and 19 is continued beyond 19 and is intersected by a line 2a passing through axes 28-14 and parallel to a line passing through axes 13-19.
  • the straight lines 18-19 and 13-14 having been made parallel, the quadrilateral 13-14-28-19 is of course a parallelogram whose side 20, similar to the lever 2 in the first embodiment, is not in the form ofa physical lever.
  • a ram 5a is used which is advantageously refed" by the ram 5 in accordance with the diagram shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a circuit of the possible series supply of the rams 5, a, 12 and 12a.
  • the hydraulic system is strictly similar to the one already described, to which are added distributors 40a and 41a for feeding the rams 5a and 12a.
  • a system is provided to allow simultaneous operation of the four distributors, and hence combined operation of the corresponding rams, but independent actuation of each of the distributors is also possible.
  • FIG. 5 shows some variants ofthe details of the embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • the parallelogram whose major sides 9 and correspond to the sides 2 and 3 of FIG. 1 are directly articulated to beam 4 at 2711 and 260 without the interpositioning of the parallelogram, two of the sides of which are 6 and 7 of FIG. 1. It will be apparent hereinafter that the operation of the machine is unchanged, the parallelogram having the arms 6 and 7 being used to control the height of the tool with respect to the ground.
  • the machines according to the invention have various applications, inter alia, we may mention embankment works or levelling works, in which it is essential that the tool should described a straight line for clean operation.
  • the levers 2, 7 and 10 are in the form of two parallel arms
  • the said levers may be single members and the rams may be overhung, for example, on the levers 7 and in another variant, two rams are disposed on either side of the jib.
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 the parallelogram for adjusting the height of the tool in relation to the ground has been shown in one position in FIGS. 1 and 3 and in another position in FIG. 5.
  • this parallelogram can be secured without it being necessary for two of its levers to be constantly vertical of constantly horizontal; in an alternative embodiment the four levers are capable of being oblique in relation to the horizontal for example.
  • rams 24 can be articulated other than at 26 without there being any disadvantage to operation.
  • An earth working machine comprising a turret, an earth working tool, a jib pivotally mounted on the turret, jib and tool operating means comprising first and second deformable parallelograms, said first and second! parallelograms having major sides which are equal and are adapted to be oriented simultaneously according to equal and opposite angles by means of an angular orientation mechanism comprising two rams, said first parallelogram extending from and connected to said turret, said second parallelogram supporting said tool on its outermost end, means connected between said deformable parallelograms for adjusting the height of thetool with respect to the ground, and pivotal connection means connecting the two major sides of said second parallelogram supporting the tool to the means for adjusting the height of the tool with respect to the ground wherein the means for adjusting the height of the tool is of the parallelogram displacement type.
  • a machine according to claim 1 characterized in that the rams of the angular orientation mechanism are of the hydraulic type fed in series.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
US846135A 1968-08-02 1969-07-30 Mechanical earth working machine Expired - Lifetime US3584751A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR161627 1968-08-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3584751A true US3584751A (en) 1971-06-15

Family

ID=8653356

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US846135A Expired - Lifetime US3584751A (en) 1968-08-02 1969-07-30 Mechanical earth working machine

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3584751A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1939311A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES370303A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1590140A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1276537A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4218837A (en) * 1978-08-21 1980-08-26 Koehring Company High lift hydraulic system for an excavator
US4231700A (en) * 1979-04-09 1980-11-04 Spectra-Physics, Inc. Method and apparatus for laser beam control of backhoe digging depth
US4301607A (en) * 1979-04-18 1981-11-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Hydraulic excavator
US4343099A (en) * 1979-11-28 1982-08-10 Ziegler Ag Apparatus for the parallel guidance of the bucket of a hydraulic excavator
US4355477A (en) * 1980-03-24 1982-10-26 Aktiebolaget P. E. Holmgren Working machine with improved jib section
US4365429A (en) * 1981-11-18 1982-12-28 Bucyrus-Erie Company Maximum lift system for hydraulic hoe

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3140568A1 (de) * 1981-10-13 1983-04-21 Cordes, Hugo, Dipl.-Ing., 2000 Hamburg "einrichtung fuer hydraulikbagger"
GB2271337B (en) * 1992-10-07 1996-08-28 Atomic Energy Authority Uk A hydraulic manipulator
GB9221127D0 (en) * 1992-10-07 1992-11-18 Atomic Energy Authority Uk A hydraulic manipulator
GB2350830A (en) * 1999-06-09 2000-12-13 Colin Fraser Mckay Parallel arm arrangement for back-hoe type diggers

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU160813A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
US3197049A (en) * 1963-05-02 1965-07-27 Schwing Friedrich Universal excavator
US3259259A (en) * 1964-03-02 1966-07-05 Auxitra Sa Easy control loader

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU160813A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
US3197049A (en) * 1963-05-02 1965-07-27 Schwing Friedrich Universal excavator
US3259259A (en) * 1964-03-02 1966-07-05 Auxitra Sa Easy control loader

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4218837A (en) * 1978-08-21 1980-08-26 Koehring Company High lift hydraulic system for an excavator
US4231700A (en) * 1979-04-09 1980-11-04 Spectra-Physics, Inc. Method and apparatus for laser beam control of backhoe digging depth
US4301607A (en) * 1979-04-18 1981-11-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Hydraulic excavator
US4343099A (en) * 1979-11-28 1982-08-10 Ziegler Ag Apparatus for the parallel guidance of the bucket of a hydraulic excavator
US4355477A (en) * 1980-03-24 1982-10-26 Aktiebolaget P. E. Holmgren Working machine with improved jib section
US4365429A (en) * 1981-11-18 1982-12-28 Bucyrus-Erie Company Maximum lift system for hydraulic hoe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES370303A1 (es) 1971-04-16
FR1590140A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-04-13
DE1939311A1 (de) 1970-02-12
GB1276537A (en) 1972-06-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3430790A (en) Excavator
US5054990A (en) Excavator arm
US3792745A (en) Steering system for tool-carrying vehicle
US4077140A (en) Hydraulic excavator equipment for excavation laterally of the excavator
US4201268A (en) Adjustment mechanism for dozer blade
US3512589A (en) Earth moving apparatus
US3584751A (en) Mechanical earth working machine
US3705631A (en) Hydraulic tilt and pitch control for dozer blade
US3407947A (en) Material-moving device for moving objects
US3313431A (en) Excavators
US3149737A (en) Hydraulic shovels
EP0004840B1 (en) A drill boom arrangement
US4978273A (en) Loader bucket control
US3631931A (en) Bulldozer
US3197049A (en) Universal excavator
US3333646A (en) Mobile hammer unit and position control apparatus therefor
US20030047359A1 (en) Drilling tool for producing geotechnical bores
US2775831A (en) Tool adjustment for earth working machines
EP0004839A2 (en) A drill boom arrangement
US3251490A (en) Hydraulic shovel
US3575307A (en) Earthworking machines
US3677350A (en) Hydraulic motor grader blade lift, centershift control
US4601626A (en) Arrangement for swinging an attachment holder for the equipment of a hydraulic excavator
EP0036850A2 (en) A working machine for demolition and excavation work
US4039095A (en) Swing mechanism for backhoe