US3584175A - Inductor device for levitation purposes - Google Patents

Inductor device for levitation purposes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3584175A
US3584175A US796368A US3584175DA US3584175A US 3584175 A US3584175 A US 3584175A US 796368 A US796368 A US 796368A US 3584175D A US3584175D A US 3584175DA US 3584175 A US3584175 A US 3584175A
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Prior art keywords
conductor
mass
inductor device
revolution
conductors
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Expired - Lifetime
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US796368A
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English (en)
Inventor
Claude Cardot
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Alcatel Lucent SAS
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Compagnie Generale dElectricite SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/22—Furnaces without an endless core
    • H05B6/32—Arrangements for simultaneous levitation and heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an inductor device for levitation purposes, more particularly for effecting levitation of a liquid mass, even if it has no surface tension.
  • This technique is known as levitationf'ln association with heating by induction, it is very useful, for example, since it is thereby possible to melt two levitated metallic masses at the same time, and to then obtain by cooling, an alloy between the metals without contact with any crucible, the material of which might be corroded and entrained in solution as an impurity by a very reactive metal such as titanium, for example.
  • inductors for levitation are already known.
  • the surface tension does not perform an essential function, but if the surface tension is low and does not contribute effectively to the cohesion of the liquid mass, the margin of safety becomes very small.
  • the present invention provides a generally improved form of inductive device for levitation of a liquid mass, even if the latter has negligible surface tension.
  • the action of the magnetic field on the liquid mass must be that of a diaphragm which entirely encloses the levitated liquid, exerting an inwardly directed normal force on the liquid particles.
  • an inductor device for levitating the mass comprising a conductor extending through the central space of the 'mass which is at least approximately'of toroidal form and means for connecting the conductor to a source of alternating current.
  • the toroidal form, or at least the form approximately comparable to a torus, which is adopted for the mass to be levitated arises from the fact that it is the simplest geometrical surface on which a current not having two zero points can be induced.
  • This property may be connected with the fact that there may be imparted to the torus a displacement which does not affect its attitude (for example by turning it about its axis), without its having a single zero point (as hereinafter explained). This would not be the case with a spherical surface or a cylindrical surface, because under the same conditions these surfaces have two zero points.
  • FIG. I is a graph illustrating the principles on which the invention is based.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a first form of inductor device of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view, in perspective, of a second form of inductor device. Description of the Preferred Embodiments Referring to Figure I there is illustrated therein, an element of a surface S separating an insulating medium(l), which is the seat of a magnetic induction field, and a conductive medium (2).
  • the vector ii represents the value of the magnetic field as it would exist at a point P of the surface S in the absence of the conductor (2).
  • I-I, and H are the components of the vectorTl'along the nor- I mal and in the plane tangent to the surface S at the point P, respectively.
  • an alternating-current generator 10 is connected by leads 11, 11 to an inductor comprising a first rectilinear conductor 12, and a second conductor 13 in the form of a concave surface of revolution around the axis of the conductor 12 to which it is connected at the point A.
  • the conductor l3 terminates in a circular flange 14.
  • the inductor further comprises a further conductor 15 which also forms a surface of revolution and acts as areturn conductor extending towards the lead 11' through a rectilinear element 16 connected at the point B.
  • the conductor 15 terminates in a circular flange 17.
  • the electrical continuity between the two conductors l3 and 15 is achieved by a collar 18 which grips the two flanges I4 and 17 in abutment. When assembled, the whole has the appearance of a pan.
  • the conductor 12 extends through the central space of the mass 20 which is of toroidal form and is to be levitated along its axis.
  • the direction of the current along the various conductors is indicated by arrows.
  • FIG. 3 in which like parts are indicated by the same reference numerals as in FIGURE 2, there is illustrated a construction in which the continuous surface 13 of FIGURE 2 is replaced by a group of curvilinear conductors 13a, 13b, etc. lying in a surface of revolution about the conductor 12 and connected to the conductor 12 at the point A, and the continuous surface 15 is replaced by a second group of curvilinear conductors 15a, 15b, etc. also lying in a surface of revolution and connected to the conductor 16 at the point B.
  • the conductors in the respective groups are of the same number and each conductor 13 (a, b, etc.) is connected to a conductor 15 of like order, by a sleeve 19 (a, b, etc.)
  • the whole has the form of a double umbrella.
  • the conductors are hollow and means are provided for passing a current of cooling water therethrough.
  • water circulatory supply 31, 32 may be connected to the points C, D.
  • an inductor device for levitating the mass comprising a conductor extending through the central space of the mass which is approximately of toroidal fonn, means for connecting the conductor to a source of alternating current and a curved conductive surface connected to the conductor and having a shape of a surface of revolution about said conductor to form a dish around the mass.
  • said curved conductive surface connected to the conductor and having a shape of a surface of revolution about said conductor comprises a first group of curvilinear conductors connected to the aforesaid conductor and lying in a surface of revolution about said conductor, a second group of curvilinear conductors of the same number as those of the first group and also lying in a surface of revolution about the aforesaid conductor and sleeves connecting the free ends of the conductors of the respective groups.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
US796368A 1968-02-06 1969-02-04 Inductor device for levitation purposes Expired - Lifetime US3584175A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR138895 1968-02-06

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US3584175A true US3584175A (en) 1971-06-08

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US (1) US3584175A (en))
BE (1) BE727442A (en))
DE (1) DE1905906A1 (en))
FR (1) FR1564636A (en))
GB (1) GB1226693A (en))
NL (1) NL6901733A (en))

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5247144A (en) * 1990-04-27 1993-09-21 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Levitation heating method and levitation heating furnace
US8771481B2 (en) 2012-01-13 2014-07-08 Harris Corporation Hydrocarbon resource processing apparatus including a load resonance tracking circuit and related methods
US8840780B2 (en) 2012-01-13 2014-09-23 Harris Corporation Hydrocarbon resource processing device including spirally wound electrical conductors and related methods
US8858785B2 (en) 2012-01-13 2014-10-14 Harris Corporation Hydrocarbon resource processing device including spirally wound electrical conductor and related methods
US20160325620A1 (en) * 2015-05-07 2016-11-10 Keystone Engineering Company Stress relieved welds in positive expulsion fuel tanks with rolling metal diaphragms

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2669498B1 (fr) * 1990-11-21 1993-02-19 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Chambre a arc electrique, notamment de grande intensite, et soufflerie aerodynamique qui en est equipee.

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2566221A (en) * 1949-05-17 1951-08-28 Anne Lovell Electromagnetic levitation apparatus
US2856239A (en) * 1955-05-20 1958-10-14 Bill Jack Scient Instr Co Means for suspending rotatable objects in space
US3354285A (en) * 1964-04-17 1967-11-21 Union Carbide Corp Electromagnetic flux concentrator for levitation and heating
US3384773A (en) * 1964-03-12 1968-05-21 Philips Corp Electric incandescent lamp with levitating incandescent body

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2566221A (en) * 1949-05-17 1951-08-28 Anne Lovell Electromagnetic levitation apparatus
US2856239A (en) * 1955-05-20 1958-10-14 Bill Jack Scient Instr Co Means for suspending rotatable objects in space
US3384773A (en) * 1964-03-12 1968-05-21 Philips Corp Electric incandescent lamp with levitating incandescent body
US3354285A (en) * 1964-04-17 1967-11-21 Union Carbide Corp Electromagnetic flux concentrator for levitation and heating

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5247144A (en) * 1990-04-27 1993-09-21 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Levitation heating method and levitation heating furnace
US8771481B2 (en) 2012-01-13 2014-07-08 Harris Corporation Hydrocarbon resource processing apparatus including a load resonance tracking circuit and related methods
US8840780B2 (en) 2012-01-13 2014-09-23 Harris Corporation Hydrocarbon resource processing device including spirally wound electrical conductors and related methods
US8858785B2 (en) 2012-01-13 2014-10-14 Harris Corporation Hydrocarbon resource processing device including spirally wound electrical conductor and related methods
US20160325620A1 (en) * 2015-05-07 2016-11-10 Keystone Engineering Company Stress relieved welds in positive expulsion fuel tanks with rolling metal diaphragms
US10479532B2 (en) * 2015-05-07 2019-11-19 Keystone Engineering Company Stress relieved welds in positive expulsion fuel tanks with rolling metal diaphragms

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1905906A1 (de) 1969-09-04
BE727442A (en)) 1969-07-28
FR1564636A (en)) 1969-04-25
NL6901733A (en)) 1969-08-08
GB1226693A (en)) 1971-03-31

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