US3580029A - Rolling chamfers on gear teeth - Google Patents
Rolling chamfers on gear teeth Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3580029A US3580029A US781420A US3580029DA US3580029A US 3580029 A US3580029 A US 3580029A US 781420 A US781420 A US 781420A US 3580029D A US3580029D A US 3580029DA US 3580029 A US3580029 A US 3580029A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- teeth
- gear
- gears
- tooth
- die
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H5/00—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms
- B21H5/02—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms with cylindrical outline, e.g. by means of die rolls
- B21H5/022—Finishing gear teeth with cylindrical outline, e.g. burnishing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49462—Gear making
- Y10T29/49467—Gear shaping
- Y10T29/49471—Roll forming
Definitions
- McKinley ABSTRACT Gear rolling dies are provided with inclined chamfer-forming ramp surfaces at the bottoms of the tooth spaces adapted to form chamfers at the tops of the gear teeth along the comers defined by the intersection of the crests of the teeth and the flank surfaces.
- finish rolling of gears is found to displace substantially more metal at one side of the teeth than the other side, this will not prevent formation of symmetrical and equal chamfers at opposite sides of the teeth and, moreover, will preserve equality between chamfer previously provided in a roughing operation, such for example as bobbing or shaper cutting.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the form of an involute tooth of a gear having chamfer.
- FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view similar to FIG. 1 illustrating the form of a tooth after a shaving operation.
- FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the change in tooth form resulting from finish rolling.
- FIG. 4 is a view illustrating the formation of chamfers in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a view illustrating two adjacent teeth of a gear rolling die.
- gearlike shaving cutters are provided with teeth having serrations extending vertically up and down the tooth surfaces defining cutting edges adapted to remove metal from the sides of gear teeth rolled in tight mesh at crossed axes with the shaving cutter.
- gear rolling dies in the form of gears are rolled in mesh with the work gear.
- the gear rolling dies are usually provided in opposed pairs which are moved radially towards each other to produce a measurable reduction in size of the gear and to finish the gear teeth by actually displacing metal.
- FIG. 1 there is illustrated a tooth having generated, usually involute side or flank surfaces 12 and a top or crest surface 14 which without chamfers would intersect at a corner designated 16.IIowever, when the teeth are chamfered in accordance with this practice, the material at and adjacent the corner 16 is removed to provide chamfered surfaces 18.
- the tooth 10 of FIG. I may be considered to be a chamfered tooth formed by one of the gear roughing operations described.
- a finishing operation This may be a shaving operation as indicated previously, or a gear rolling operation. It is a characteristic of the gear shaving operation that roughly equal-amounts of material are removed from opposite sides of the teeth.
- the usual shaving operation comprises rotating the gear in tight mesh with a shaving cutter in both directions so that neither side of the teeth may be considered as exclusively a driving side or a driven side.
- a tooth modification as suggested in FIG. 2 is produced.
- the tooth is designated 20. In solid outline it is provided with the side surfaces 12, the crest surface 14 and the chamfer surfaces 18.
- material is removed from the flanks of the teeth along the dot and dash lines indicated at 22 and it will be observed that these lines intersect the chamfer surfaces 18 at points designated 24. Accordingly,
- the radial location of the start of chamfer, determined by the location of points 24, is substantially the same at both sides of the teeth.
- Gear rolling presents a quite different problem.
- one of the advantages of gear rolling as practiced today is the extremely short time required for the rolling operation.
- One of the reasons why the gear rolling operation may be completed in as little as three seconds is attributable to the fact that the direction of rotation of the gears and gear rolling dies is not changed. Accordingly, the time required for stopping, reversing and accelerating in the opposite direction is avoided.
- This however has a disadvantage in the fact that one side of the gear teeth, simply because of the single direction of rotation, has its profile rolled substantially more than the opposite side.
- the coast side of the gear teeth has more metal displaced than the op posite side when the'rolling dies are moved radially of the gear under sufiicient pressure to displace measurable amounts of material.
- the amount of metal displaced or caused to flow at the coast side of the gear teeth may be double or even several times the amount of metal displaced at the opposite side.
- a gear tooth as diagrammatically indicated at 30 in FIG. 3 is produced.
- the original tooth form is illustrated in full lines as having flank surfaces 12, top surface 14 and the chamfer surfaces 18.
- the profile of the gear teeth after the rolling operation is indicated by the dotted lines at 32.
- the separation between the dotted line 32 at the right side of the tooth and the original tooth profile line 12 isonly a fraction of the distance between these lines at the left side of the tooth. Accordingly, if the gear tooth as completed by the roughing operation had the substantially equally located chamfer surfaces 18, the gear rolling operation would produce unsymmetrical chamfer surfaces after the gear rolling operation.
- the chamfer surface designated 34 after rolling has its radially inner origin point 35 at one side of the teeth, whereas the chamfer surface 36 at the opposite side of the teeth has its radially inner origin shifted to the point 37.
- the substantial equality of the chamfer surfaces produced by the gear roughing operation is preserved. This is accomplished by forming the gear rolling dies, a portion of one of which is designated at 50 so that at the bottom space between adjacent teeth 51 there are provided inclined chamfer-forming ramp surfaces 52. These surfaces as shown are equally and oppositely inclined with respect to a radial line bisecting the tooth space, such as the line 53, and they are of equal extent.
- the dies of an opposed pair are moved radially inwardly of the gear towards each other to a predetermined depth and the amount, the slope and the location of the inclined chamfer-forming ramp surfaces 52 are selected such that these surfaces are encountered by corner portions of the'gear teeth at the comers defined by the intersections between thecrests of the teeth and the side or flank surfaces thereof.
- the metal is displaced by the gear rolling operation from the flanks of the teeth it is also displaced at the corners to leave chamfers thereon.
- a gear tooth 40 the outline of which after the roughing operation includes the side or flank surfaces 12, the crest surface 14 and, when chamfers are provided in the roughing operation, the chamfer surfaces 18.
- the flanks or side surfaces are reduced to the dot and dash lines indicated at 42 and 43 and the corner portions of the teeth are chamfered by the ramp surfaces 52 to provide the chamfer surfaces indicated by dot and dash lines at 44 and 46. It will be observed from an inspection of FIG. 4 that while substantially more metal was displaced from the left-hand side of the teeth to produce the rolled surface 43, nevertheless the radial height of the chamfered surfaces 44 and 46, determined by intersection points 47 and 48 respectively, are substantially equal.
- the operation need not be limited to one in which the roughing operation removed the comers of the teeth to provide rough chamfer surfaces 18.
- the rolling operation will produce these chamfer surfaces even through the rough-cut teeth are not chamfered.
- the gear rolling operation including the provision of chamfers ad disclosed herein may produce some displacement of material upon the original crest of the teeth and this displacement of material will be greater at one side of the tooth than the other side thereof.
- This is not disadvantageous as in many operations a final operation removes some material from the crests of the teeth. On the other hand, this is not always necessary and the presence of unequal minor amounts of metal upon the original crests of the teeth is acceptable.
- the present invention provides substantially equal chamfers on rough-cut teeth finished by a rolling operation, it will be apparent that this permits a desirable overall gear production in which a quantity of gears are rough-cut by conventional roughing operations to configurations illustrated in FIG. 1 in which the teeth are provided with chamfer surfaces 18. Thereafter, some of the gears may be selected at random to be finished by a gear shaving operation to the configurations illustrated in H0. 2 and the remaining gears may be finished by a gear rolling operation to the configurations illustrated in FIG. 4. In both cases, substantially symmetrically located chamfer surfaces are provided.
- the present invention permits simplification of the gear finishing procedure in that substantially symmetrical chamfers may be provided in the roughing operation and substantially symmetrical chamfer surfaces will remain with gear shaving and gear rolling.
- the method of making finished gears having predetermined chamfers at the intersection between the crest and generated tooth form and side surfaces which comprises forming a rough ear having substantially the predetermined chamfers, separa ing the rough-cut gears into two groups, shaving the sides of the teeth of one group to substantially uniform depth thereby reducing the amount of chamfer at opposite sides of each tooth substantially equally, roll finishing the sides of the teeth of the other group by rolling the gears in this group in pressure contact with a gearlike die generally conjugate the gears in a single direction of rotation, thereby displacing substantially more material from one side of the gear teeth than from the other, said roll die having oppositely inclined ramp surfaces at the opposite sides of the bottom of the tooth spaces located to generate by rolling the required tooth chamfers independent of the amount of material displaced from the sides of the teeth.
- a gear finishing die in the form of a gear having teeth generally conjugate to the desired profile to be formed on the sides of gear teeth by a rolling operation in which oppositely inclined chamfer-forming ramp surfaces are provided at the bottom of the spaces between the teeth of the die.
Abstract
Description
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US78142068A | 1968-12-05 | 1968-12-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3580029A true US3580029A (en) | 1971-05-25 |
Family
ID=25122680
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US781420A Expired - Lifetime US3580029A (en) | 1968-12-05 | 1968-12-05 | Rolling chamfers on gear teeth |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3580029A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1960258A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2025377A1 (en) |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030167813A1 (en) * | 2001-06-21 | 2003-09-11 | Toshinaka Shinbutsu | Method of rolling worm gear and the worm gear |
US20040109735A1 (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-06-10 | Arvin Joseph L. | Chamfer hob and method of using same |
US7297166B2 (en) | 2003-06-25 | 2007-11-20 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Assembly tool for modular implants and associated method |
US7582092B2 (en) | 2003-06-25 | 2009-09-01 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Assembly tool for modular implants and associated method |
US20100279807A1 (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2010-11-04 | Miba Sinter Austria Gmbh | Method For The Production Of A One-Piece Metallic Multiple Wheel, Preform For The Production Thereof, And Multiple Wheel |
US20110016943A1 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2011-01-27 | Sunstar Engineering Inc. | Brake disk producing method and brake disk |
US8518050B2 (en) | 2007-10-31 | 2013-08-27 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC | Modular taper assembly device |
US8998919B2 (en) | 2003-06-25 | 2015-04-07 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC | Assembly tool for modular implants, kit and associated method |
US9095452B2 (en) | 2010-09-01 | 2015-08-04 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Disassembly tool |
US9101495B2 (en) | 2010-06-15 | 2015-08-11 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Spiral assembly tool |
US9504578B2 (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2016-11-29 | Depuy Synthes Products, Inc | Revision hip prosthesis having an implantable distal stem component |
US9717545B2 (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2017-08-01 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Taper disengagement tool |
US10378612B2 (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2019-08-13 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Bevel gear set and method of manufacture |
US11407085B2 (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2022-08-09 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for manufacturing gear |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1712095A (en) * | 1927-08-11 | 1929-05-07 | Lees Bradner Co | Machine and method for profiling gear teeth |
US2271759A (en) * | 1935-04-10 | 1942-02-03 | Packard Motor Car Co | Method of processing gears |
-
1968
- 1968-12-05 US US781420A patent/US3580029A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1969
- 1969-11-25 FR FR6940629A patent/FR2025377A1/fr active Pending
- 1969-12-01 DE DE19691960258 patent/DE1960258A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1712095A (en) * | 1927-08-11 | 1929-05-07 | Lees Bradner Co | Machine and method for profiling gear teeth |
US2271759A (en) * | 1935-04-10 | 1942-02-03 | Packard Motor Car Co | Method of processing gears |
Cited By (35)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030167813A1 (en) * | 2001-06-21 | 2003-09-11 | Toshinaka Shinbutsu | Method of rolling worm gear and the worm gear |
US6915673B2 (en) * | 2001-06-21 | 2005-07-12 | Nissei Co., Ltd. | Method of rolling worm gear and the worm gear |
US20040109735A1 (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-06-10 | Arvin Joseph L. | Chamfer hob and method of using same |
US6939093B2 (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2005-09-06 | Joseph L. Arvin | Chamfer hob and method of use thereof |
US8685036B2 (en) | 2003-06-25 | 2014-04-01 | Michael C. Jones | Assembly tool for modular implants and associated method |
US9381097B2 (en) | 2003-06-25 | 2016-07-05 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Assembly tool for modular implants, kit and associated method |
US20090307887A1 (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2009-12-17 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Assembly tool for modular implants and associated method |
US7297166B2 (en) | 2003-06-25 | 2007-11-20 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Assembly tool for modular implants and associated method |
US7582092B2 (en) | 2003-06-25 | 2009-09-01 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Assembly tool for modular implants and associated method |
US8998919B2 (en) | 2003-06-25 | 2015-04-07 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC | Assembly tool for modular implants, kit and associated method |
US8419799B2 (en) | 2003-06-25 | 2013-04-16 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Assembly tool for modular implants and associated method |
US20110016943A1 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2011-01-27 | Sunstar Engineering Inc. | Brake disk producing method and brake disk |
US8250898B2 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2012-08-28 | Sunstar Engineering Inc. | Brake disk producing method and brake disk |
US8911313B2 (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2014-12-16 | Miba Sinter Austria Gmbh | Method for the production of a one-piece metallic multiple wheel, preform for the production thereof, and multiple wheel |
US20100279807A1 (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2010-11-04 | Miba Sinter Austria Gmbh | Method For The Production Of A One-Piece Metallic Multiple Wheel, Preform For The Production Thereof, And Multiple Wheel |
US9717545B2 (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2017-08-01 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Taper disengagement tool |
US8518050B2 (en) | 2007-10-31 | 2013-08-27 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC | Modular taper assembly device |
US9119601B2 (en) | 2007-10-31 | 2015-09-01 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Modular taper assembly device |
US9101495B2 (en) | 2010-06-15 | 2015-08-11 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Spiral assembly tool |
US10166118B2 (en) | 2010-06-15 | 2019-01-01 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Spiral assembly tool |
US9867720B2 (en) | 2010-09-01 | 2018-01-16 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Disassembly tool |
US10292837B2 (en) | 2010-09-01 | 2019-05-21 | Depuy Synthes Products Inc. | Disassembly tool |
US9095452B2 (en) | 2010-09-01 | 2015-08-04 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Disassembly tool |
US10226345B2 (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2019-03-12 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Version-replicating instrument and orthopaedic surgical procedure for using the same to implant a revision hip prosthesis |
US9949833B2 (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2018-04-24 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Finishing RASP and orthopaedic surgical procedure for using the same to implant a revision hip prosthesis |
US10064725B2 (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2018-09-04 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Distal reamer for use during an orthopaedic surgical procedure to implant a revision hip prosthesis |
US9737405B2 (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2017-08-22 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Orthopaedic surgical procedure for implanting a revision hip prosthesis |
US9504578B2 (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2016-11-29 | Depuy Synthes Products, Inc | Revision hip prosthesis having an implantable distal stem component |
US9597188B2 (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2017-03-21 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Version-replicating instrument and orthopaedic surgical procedure for using the same to implant a revision hip prosthesis |
US10603173B2 (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2020-03-31 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Orthopaedic surgical procedure for implanting a revision hip prosthesis |
US10772730B2 (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2020-09-15 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Finishing rasp and orthopaedic surgical procedure for using the same to implant a revision hip prosthesis |
US10888427B2 (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2021-01-12 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Distal reamer for use during an orthopaedic surgical procedure to implant a revision hip prosthesis |
US10925739B2 (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2021-02-23 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Version-replicating instrument and orthopaedic surgical procedure for using the same to implant a revision hip prosthesis |
US10378612B2 (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2019-08-13 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Bevel gear set and method of manufacture |
US11407085B2 (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2022-08-09 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for manufacturing gear |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2025377A1 (en) | 1970-09-11 |
DE1960258A1 (en) | 1970-06-18 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: ADD, INC., A MICHIGAN CORP.,STATELESS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:LEAR SIEGLER, INC. A DE. CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004600/0061 Effective date: 19860530 Owner name: ADD, INC., A MICHIGAN CORP. Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:LEAR SIEGLER, INC. A DE. CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004600/0061 Effective date: 19860530 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NATIONAL BROACH & MACHINE COMPANY, Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:ADD, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004664/0771 Effective date: 19860708 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: RAO, SURENDRA B. Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NATIONAL BROACH & MACHINE COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:005033/0527 Effective date: 19880928 Owner name: FERRETT, JAMES A. Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NATIONAL BROACH & MACHINE COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:005033/0527 Effective date: 19880928 Owner name: WILKINS, LEONARD J. Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NATIONAL BROACH & MACHINE COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:005033/0527 Effective date: 19880928 Owner name: DONNELLY, JOHN T.; Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NATIONAL BROACH & MACHINE COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:005033/0527 Effective date: 19880928 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NATIONAL BROACH & MACHINE COMPANY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. SECURITY AGREEMENT RECORDED AT REEL 5033 FRAME 0527;ASSIGNORS:DONNELLY, JOHN T.;WILKINS, LEONARD J.;FERRETT, JAMES A.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:005639/0406 Effective date: 19910312 |