US3576180A - Startup device for flow-through steam generator - Google Patents

Startup device for flow-through steam generator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3576180A
US3576180A US781931A US3576180DA US3576180A US 3576180 A US3576180 A US 3576180A US 781931 A US781931 A US 781931A US 3576180D A US3576180D A US 3576180DA US 3576180 A US3576180 A US 3576180A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
feedwater
steam generator
tube system
steam
measuring element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US781931A
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English (en)
Inventor
Rupprecht Michel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19671576881 external-priority patent/DE1576881A1/de
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3576180A publication Critical patent/US3576180A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
    • G21D1/02—Arrangements of auxiliary equipment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D5/00—Arrangements of reactor and engine in which reactor-produced heat is converted into mechanical energy
    • G21D5/04—Reactor and engine not structurally combined
    • G21D5/08—Reactor and engine not structurally combined with engine working medium heated in a heat exchanger by the reactor coolant
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • Tick ABSTRACT Device for starting up and restarting a reactorheated flow-through steam generator and having a relatively constantly inclined tube system traversible by feedwater in up '21.
  • ⁇ EARTON CELL STARTUP DEVICE FOR FLOW-THROUGH STEAM GENERATOR My invention relates to device for facilitating startup and restart from cold or warm state of a once-through or flowthrough steam generator heated by a nuclear reactor.
  • the tube system of the boiler is disposed at a continuous slope completely or at least partly in the vaporizing region in counterflow to a gaseous heat carrier such as carbon dioxide, and is traversed in an upward direction by a working medium, i.e. feedwater, for example.
  • the parallel tubes generally pass through this region without being connected intennediately with collecting vessels or other mixing vessels.
  • This startup and restart is subject to disadvantages in that large quantities of feedwater are ejected or expelled during the startup operation, consequently requiring the use of costly startup devices such as water-steam separating vessels. Moreover, the startup operation is relatively more time consuming than normal operation because a greater length of time is required for expelling the large excess quantities of water during startup operation.
  • Another object of my invention is to provide such startup device which dispenses with the necessity of having a water-steam separating vessel and only requires devices for supervising the water level of the boiler portions.
  • startup device for flowthrough steam generators which comprises a measuring tube stringer located externally to the steam generator and having an inlet branching, for example, from a feedwater inlet manifold, and an outlet connected, for example, to a steam outlet manifold of the vaporizer-heating surfaces or tubes, a measuring element connected in the tube stringer for monitoring the extent to which the steam generators are filled with feedwater, and shutoff or control valves also connected in the tube stringer.
  • 1 provide a measuring element for sensing the amount of steam produced during startup and restart, a feedwater regulator and means for transmitting a signal from the measuring element to the feedwater regulator so as to actuate the latter to adjust the feedwater supply automatically in proportion to the increasing quantity of steam. in this way, any expulsion or ejection of water both at cold startup and also at warm startup is avoided, the boiler produces superheated steam instantaneously and feedwater regulation begins at the same time that the startup operation begins.
  • the regulating or shutoff valves connected in the respective measuring tube stringers are connected to a feedwater regulator and are controlled thereby so that an automatic closing and shutoff of the tube stringers is effected when the supply of feedwater to the boiler exceeds a predetermined value.
  • a greater pressure loss occurs along the vaporizer tube system due to the increasing flow-through rate or throughout of the working medium so that then a greater quantity of feedwater is forced through the bypass of the externally located measuring tube stringer which then has a lower pressure loss associated therewith.
  • the externally located tube stringer could thus provide adequately accurate water level measurements only below a specific quantity of feedwater. If a device of the type generally known as a Barton cell is employed for measuring the filling water level, a shutoff valve can be dispensed with.
  • the measuring element in the externally located tube stringer can produce and maintain this minimum feedwater volume content so that sufficient cooling of the superheater heating surfaces is assured only if the heat carrier-gas supply is unable to be completely shut off, for example, due to the fact that the flaps or valves do not close quite tightly enough.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are greatly simplified diagrammatic views of the startup device for flow-through steam generators according to my invention, wherein the reactor and heat generator groups or boiler portions are shown respectively in longitudinal section and cross section.
  • a CO -cooled reactor is employed.
  • the CO; gas heated to 400 to 650 C. is conducted from the reactor core 1 in the direction of the arrows 2 to the steam generator groups or boiler portions 3 to 10.
  • Respective circulating blowers or pumps 11 are coordinated with the individual steam generator groups.
  • the feedwater is conducted from below through externally located inlet manifolds or collecting vessels 12 into the steam generator groups 3 to 10 having respective tube systems that are disposed at a constant inclination.
  • Tube stringers 13 branch ofi from the inlet manifolds 12 or from other suitable locations upstream of the heating surfaces 3 proper.
  • the stringers 13 are connected at the other ends thereof, respectively, to the steam outlet conduits l4 downstream of the heating surfaces 3.
  • respective measuring elements 16 and 24 are connected in the tube stringers 13 and 13' respectively, that serve for supervising or controlling the extent to which the steam generator groups 3 to 10 are filled with feedwater.
  • the boiler feed pump 18 and a boiler feed control valve 19 are actuated in response to the feedwater regulator 17 for filling the boiler with feedwater.
  • the signal line 20 When a predetermined water level is attained in the boiler, a signal is passed from the measuring element 16, which supervises the extent of filling of the boiler, to the feedwater regulator 17, which cuts off further supply of feedwater to the boiler. If the gas flaps or valves for the respective boiler portion are opened and the respective circulating blower 11 is set in operation, a supply of heat is provided from the reactor 1 which produces immediate steam formation in the respective steam generator groups.
  • the steam that is generated is sensed by a measuring element, such as a measuring diaphragm or orifice plate 21, located in the steam outlet conduit 14.
  • the feedwater regulator 17 is actuated by the signal from the measuring diaphragm 21 conveyed thereto through the signal lead 22, so as to adjust the feedwater supply automatically in proportion to the increasing quantity of steam. If the feedwater supply exceeds a predetermined value, the feedwater regulator 17 effects a closing action of the shutoff valve through the operating line 23 so that then during nonnal operation of the boiler, the measuring tube stringer 13 is cut off.
  • the measuring stringer 13 is provided with a measuring device 24 of the type conventionally known as a Barton cell, such as is described and illustrated, for example, in US. Pat. No. 2,917,081 to C. B. Nolte, so that a shutoff valve in the measuring stringer and the control system associated therewith, are superfluous and are consequently dispensed with.
  • a Barton cell such as is described and illustrated, for example, in US. Pat. No. 2,917,081 to C. B. Nolte, so that a shutoff valve in the measuring stringer and the control system associated therewith, are superfluous and are consequently dispensed with.
  • a once-through steam generator having a tube system disposed at relatively constant inclination and traversible by feedwater in an upward direction, a feedwater inlet connected to said steam generator tube system for supplying the feedwater thereto, and means for conducting over said steam generator tube system in counterflow to the feedwater a gaseous heat carrier heated by said unclear reactor, a device for starting up and restarting said steam generator from cold and warm state, said device comprising a tube system branching off said feedwater inlet and located externally to said steam generator, and means located externally to said steam generator for monitoring the quantity of feedwater contained in said steam generator and for controlling feedwater flow through said external tube system so that the steam generator is only partially filled with feedwater.
  • said last-mentioned means comprises a measuring element connected in said external tube system for monitoring the quantity of feedwater contained in the steam generator, and valve means connected in said external tube system and operatively connected to said measuring element and responsive thereto for controlling feedwater flow through said external system.
  • Device according to claim 1 including measuring means connected in a steam outlet of said steam generator tube system in proportion to the increasing quantity of steam produced therein.
  • Device including feedwater-regulating means connected to said feedwater quantity-measuring element and to said valve means, said feedwater-regulating means being responsive to a signal from said feedwater quanti' ty-measuring element indicating that the quantity of feedwater supplied to the generator exceeds a predetermined value for automatically closing said valve means.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
US781931A 1967-12-09 1968-12-06 Startup device for flow-through steam generator Expired - Lifetime US3576180A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19671576881 DE1576881A1 (de) 1967-12-09 1967-12-09 Anfahreinrichtung fuer Durchlauf-Dampferzeuger

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3576180A true US3576180A (en) 1971-04-27

Family

ID=5678926

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US781931A Expired - Lifetime US3576180A (en) 1967-12-09 1968-12-06 Startup device for flow-through steam generator

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3576180A (ja)
BE (1) BE725057A (ja)
FR (1) FR1593128A (ja)
GB (1) GB1171260A (ja)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5839396A (en) * 1995-02-09 1998-11-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for starting up a continuous-flow steam generator
US20060192023A1 (en) * 2001-08-31 2006-08-31 Joachim Franke Method for starting a steam generator comprising a heating gas channel that can be traversed in an approximately horizontal heating gas direction and a steam generator
US8518340B1 (en) * 2007-09-27 2013-08-27 Robert W. Lewis Steam autoclave having condensate bleed system, and condensate drainage system for a steam autoclave
US8784732B1 (en) * 2007-09-27 2014-07-22 OnSite Sterilization LLC Autoclave and method for treating regulated medical waste using injection of bursts of stream

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3154473A (en) * 1958-03-07 1964-10-27 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Apparatus for producing controllable slow neutron chain reaction
US3215126A (en) * 1960-12-19 1965-11-02 Babcock & Wilcox Co Once-through vapor generator

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3154473A (en) * 1958-03-07 1964-10-27 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Apparatus for producing controllable slow neutron chain reaction
US3215126A (en) * 1960-12-19 1965-11-02 Babcock & Wilcox Co Once-through vapor generator

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5839396A (en) * 1995-02-09 1998-11-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for starting up a continuous-flow steam generator
US20060192023A1 (en) * 2001-08-31 2006-08-31 Joachim Franke Method for starting a steam generator comprising a heating gas channel that can be traversed in an approximately horizontal heating gas direction and a steam generator
US7281499B2 (en) * 2001-08-31 2007-10-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for starting a steam generator comprising a heating gas channel that can be traversed in an approximately horizontal heating gas direction and a steam generator
US8518340B1 (en) * 2007-09-27 2013-08-27 Robert W. Lewis Steam autoclave having condensate bleed system, and condensate drainage system for a steam autoclave
US8784732B1 (en) * 2007-09-27 2014-07-22 OnSite Sterilization LLC Autoclave and method for treating regulated medical waste using injection of bursts of stream

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1593128A (ja) 1970-05-25
GB1171260A (en) 1969-11-19
BE725057A (ja) 1969-06-06

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