US3575206A - Exhalation device for breathing mask - Google Patents

Exhalation device for breathing mask Download PDF

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Publication number
US3575206A
US3575206A US3575206DA US3575206A US 3575206 A US3575206 A US 3575206A US 3575206D A US3575206D A US 3575206DA US 3575206 A US3575206 A US 3575206A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
canister
cord
valve
manually actuatable
mask
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
Inventor
Paul Ulmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
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Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
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Publication of US3575206A publication Critical patent/US3575206A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/08—Component parts for gas-masks or gas-helmets, e.g. windows, straps, speech transmitters, signal-devices
    • A62B18/10—Valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7904—Reciprocating valves
    • Y10T137/7905—Plural biasing means

Definitions

  • PATENTEDAPRZOWI 3575205 sum 3 OF 3 IEXIIIALATIGN DEVICE FOR BREATIIWG MASK The present invention is directed to an exhalation device for a breathing mask in which the exhaled air is discharged through an outlet valve as soon as the pressure within the mask exceeds the pressure of the surrounding atmosphere by a predetermined difference.
  • Two types of breathing masks are in common use.
  • the facepiece In one type, which will be referred to hereinafter as an isolating mask, the facepiece is supplied with a breathing mixture at a pressure which is distinctly higher than that of the surrounding atmosphere (the overpressure being usually between 20 and 50 mm. H O) in order to prevent the penetration of toxic gases or dust particles from the atmosphere through the facepiece at any locations in which leaktightness is faulty.
  • the facepiece is supplied from the surrounding atmosphere through a filter cartridge and an inlet valve which opens under the action of the partial vacuum which is developed within the mask as a result of inhalation by the wearer.
  • This problem is solved by means of the exhalation device which is described in US. Pat. application Ser. No. 612,974, filed Jan. 3l, I967, now US. Pat. No. 3,474,783.
  • This device comprises a canister fitted with a valve seat for connecting the interior of the mask to the atmosphere, a valve which is elastically applied against the valve seat with slight pressure, elastic means adapted to cooperate with the valve so as to exert thereon an additional force which tends to apply said valve against its seat and which is of sufiicient intensity to balance the supply overpressure during operating in the isolating condition as well as a mechanism for effecting the positive release of said elastic means.
  • the chief aim of the invention is to provide an exhalation device which meets practical requirements with even greater effectiveness than the device mentioned above, particularly insofar as it achieves enhanced dynamic operation and virtually removes any danger of jamming of the expiratory valve.
  • the invention proposes an exhalation device comprising a canister provided with a valve seat for connecting the interior of the mask to the surrounding atmosphere, a valve which is elastically applied against said valve seat, elastic means adapted to cooperate with said valve in order to exert thereon an additional force which tends to apply said valve against its seat and a releasing mechanism, said device being especially characterized in that the releasing mechanism comprises a member which is displaceable by hand and by means of a flexible cord secured to said elastic means at one extremity thereof and securedat the other extremity to said member which is displaceable between a position in which said elastic means are free and a position in which the cord exerts on said means a tractive force which maintains them in a position of disengagement with respect to the valve.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view taken on a plane which passes through the axis (plane H of FIG. 2) of a device in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention, the components being shown in the position occupied for the purpose of operation as a filtering" mask;
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line ll-ll of FIG. I, a part of the components having been removed in the left-hand portion of the FIG. in order to expose the valve seat;
  • FIG. 3 which is similar to a portion of FIG. 2, shows the components in the position occupied for the purpose of operation as a filtering mask
  • FIG. 4 is an axial sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention, the components being shown in the position occupied at the time of operation as an isolating mask;
  • FIG. 5 shows the top portion of the device according to FIG. 4, the components being shown in the positions occupied at the time of operation as a filtering mask;
  • FIG. 6 is a top view showing a detail of the mechanism for releasing the device of FIGS. 4 and 5;
  • FIG. 7 is an axial sectional view of a device according to a third embodiment of the invention, the. components being shown in the positions occupied at the time of operation as an isolating mask; I
  • FIG. 8 is an axial sectional view of the top portion of a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a top view of FIG. d.
  • the device which is illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 comprises a canister which is formed by a tubular cylindrical body 10 and a cover T6.
  • the body 10 is intended to be joined in leaktight manner to the skirt of a facepiece (not shown).
  • the outer face in the radial direction of a flange of the body 10 is provided with a groove 12 in which an internal annular boss of the cover I6 is fixed by snap-on engagement.
  • the body has an annular surface which constitutes the seat 18 of an elastic expiratory valve 20 having a mushroom shape.
  • the valve stem 22 is fixed in a support which is visible in FIG. 1 and in the left-hand portion of FIG. 2.
  • Said support is constituted by a central hub 24 which is joined to the body It) by means of four arms 28 having an elongated profile in the direction of flow.
  • a screen 30 which has a mesh of the order of l millimeter, for example, and which is retained between the hub 24 and an enlarged portion of the valve stem 22.
  • the cover 16 has a cylindrical portion and a convex end wall in which are drilled holes 1.5 mm. in diameter, for example. At a level corresponding to two-thirds of its height, the cover 16 is pierced by 10 rectangular windows 31 protected by a grid 32 which surrounds the cover.
  • the top or end wall of the cover is provided with a central internal projection MI in which is pierced an elbowed duct which serves as a motiontransmission means for a traction thread or cord 36, the function of which will become apparent hereinafter.
  • a support 37 which is intended to serve as a seat for an overpressure spring 38.
  • Elastic means are provided for the purpose of cooperating with the valve 20 and exerting on this latter an additional force which tends to apply said valve against its seat at the time of operation in the isolating" condition.
  • These means comprise a cup Ml and a spring 38.
  • the cup 40 consists of a ring having a diameter which is smaller than that of the cover and on the rim of which are formed eight semicircular centering projections 42, said ring being joined by means of eight radial arms 44 to a convex central hub.
  • the exhaled air follows the path indicated by the arrows F. That side of the cup 40 which is in oppositely facing relation to the valve 20 closely conforms to the shape of this latter in the inoperative position.
  • the top face of the ring which is provided with a groove 46 serves as a seat for the overpressure spring 38.
  • the mechanism for releasing the elastic means comprises the control cord or thread 36 and a control ring 48 provided with an operating lug 50 (as shown in FIG. 2).
  • Said ring is capable of rotating on the top portion of the cover corresponding to one-third of the height of this latter and is provided on its internal face with three male lugs 52 which are intended to slide within three grooves formed in a circular arc in the outer face of the top third of the cover 16.
  • Said lugs serve to retain the ring 48 in the cover and permit the rotation of the ring only between two end positions shown respectively in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the cord 36 is attached to the hub of cup 40.
  • the cord extends axially from the hub to the projection 34, follows the elbowed passageway which is formed within this latter, traverses the cover 16 through a flared opening 54 (as shown in FIG. 2) and extends along a bore 56 of the control ring 48.
  • the other end of the cord is retained against the face onto which the bore 56 opens at the periphery of the ring.
  • a circular groove 58 is formed in the internal face of the ring around the outlet of the duct in order to prevent the cord from being locked in position during operation of the ring 48.
  • the cord is advantageously formed of polyamide material, for example ofnylon or rilsan.
  • the position and length of the male lugs 52 and of the corresponding grooves are such that, in one of the end positions of the control ring (FlG. 2), the cord is fully slackened and permits the cup 40 to rest on the valve in this case, the force exerted by the overpressure spring 38 is added to the force which is produced by the elasticity of the valve 20. How ever, only the valve and the cup 40 are in motion during the operation whilst the control ring 48 remains motionless.
  • the dynamic operation of the device constitutes an improvement over the device as disclosed in Pat. application Ser. No. 612,974 filed .lan. 3l, l967 cited earlier by virtue of the lower mechanical inertia of the moving system.
  • the operation which has just been defined corresponds to the use of an isolating mask.
  • the cord 36 In the other end orientation of the control ring 48, the cord 36 returns the cup 40 into the position shown in FIG. 1 in which the expiratory valve is capable of free displacement. This arrangement is accordingly adopted when the mask is used in the filtering condition.
  • a retaining mechanism (not shown) is preferably associated with the control ring in order to prevent this latter from yielding under the tractive force exerted by the spring 38 and returning to the orientation which is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the cord 36 which is both an essential and delicate element is not liable to catch or fail since it is protected along its entire path.
  • the valve does not have to actuate the control ring at the time of opening and this affords a double advantage: the dynamic response is improved; opening of the valve is not liable to be prevented as a result of jamming of the control ring.
  • the type of operation which is provided by means of the valve is indicated in all cases by the orientation of the control lug 50.
  • the mechanism for releasing the device as illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6 comprises a cord 36 which is again attached to the cup 40'. Said cord traverses the end wall of the cover 16 through a guide aperture and the other end of the cord is attached to a knob 60 which is capable of radial displacement over the external end wall face of the cover 16.
  • the knob 60 is composed of an externally projecting control head which is intended to be actuated by hand and a dovetail section slider 62 which is slidably fitted in grooves 64 formed in the cover.
  • one of the sides of the slider 62 is provided with a boss which is adapted to engage in either of the two cups 64 and 66 of the cover in order that the knob 60 can be locked elastically in either of its two end positions.
  • the cup 66 is placed in such a manner as to retain the knob at the center of the cover. In this position (as shown in F IG. 4), the knob releases the cord 36 and makes it possible for the spring 38 to apply the cup 40' against the valve 20'.
  • the cord 36' exerts an axial tractive force on the cup 40' and maintains this latter out of contact with the valve 20 (as shown in H05. 5 and 6).
  • the knob Since the knob is located at the center of the cover at the time of operation as an isolating" mask, the operator can readily ascertain by feeling the knob whether the device is either in the isolating position or in the filtering position.
  • the knob 60" is capable of radial displacement between two radially aligned positions which are both offcenter.
  • the knob 60 consists of a round head with a flat underface provided with two bosses which are aligned in the radial direction.
  • One boss of the knob is intended to engage in a cup 64" of the cover when the device is in the filtering position and the other boss is intended to engage in a cup 66" when the device is in the isolating position (as shown in FIG. 7).
  • the head has a tailpiece extension for guiding the knob within a radial groove formed in the end wall of the cover 16". Said head is held against the cover by means of a screw 68 which traverses said cover and carries a retaining nut 70.
  • the cord 36" is attached to the lower end of the screw 68.
  • An exhalation device for a respiratory mask including a canister formed with a valve seat through which the interior of the mask is adapted to communicate with the surrounding atmosph'ere, a resilient valve member permanently biased toward said valve seat, resilient means cooperating with said valve member and exerting thereon an additional force biasing said valve member toward said seat and a releasing mechanism, said releasing mechanism comprising a manually actuatable member movable on said canister between a first position and a second position and a flexible cord having one end cooperating with said resilient means and its other end secured to said manually actuatable member, said first and second position of said manually actuatable member so selected that the flexible cord releases said resilient member when said manually actuatable member is in one of said positions and exerts a pulling force on said resilient means which prevents it from acting on the valve member when said manually actuatable member is in the other position.
  • said resilient means comprises a spring compressed between a bottom wall of said canister and a cup movable toward and away from the valve member and wherein said one end of the cord is secured to a central portion of the cup.
  • a device wherein said canister in formed with guiding means constructed and arranged for guiding the cord axially toward the cup with respect to movement thereof.
  • said manually actuatable member consists of a lever pivotably mounted on the bottom wall of the canister for 180 rotation from said first to said second position, and wherein said cordtraverses the bottom wall of the canister and is connected to an intermediary point of the lever.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
US3575206D 1968-07-11 1969-07-07 Exhalation device for breathing mask Expired - Lifetime US3575206A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR158752 1968-07-11

Publications (1)

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US3575206A true US3575206A (en) 1971-04-20

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ID=8652400

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US3575206D Expired - Lifetime US3575206A (en) 1968-07-11 1969-07-07 Exhalation device for breathing mask

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US3575206A (ja)
BE (1) BE735424A (ja)
CH (1) CH511033A (ja)
DE (1) DE1935122A1 (ja)
ES (1) ES369354A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR1586121A (ja)
GB (1) GB1258597A (ja)
LU (1) LU59025A1 (ja)
NL (1) NL6909873A (ja)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4299250A (en) * 1978-03-28 1981-11-10 Johann Baptist Rombach Gmbh & Co. Kg Check and regulator valve
US4850346A (en) * 1986-10-20 1989-07-25 Wgm Safety Corp. Respirator
US4955374A (en) * 1988-07-09 1990-09-11 Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Closed cycle gas mask and breathing equipment for operation under pressure having a severance-operated connection shut-off for the breathing equipment
US4991577A (en) * 1988-01-25 1991-02-12 Shigematsu Works Co., Ltd. Exhalation valve means of a respiration mask
US5109840A (en) * 1991-02-14 1992-05-05 Specialty Packaging Licensing Company Resuscitator having directional control valve with internal "PEEP" adjustment valve
WO2003008043A1 (en) * 2001-07-18 2003-01-30 Avon Rubber & Plastics, Inc. Respirator module with speech transmission and exhalation valve
US20060157056A1 (en) * 2005-01-18 2006-07-20 Burk Marc A Heat and moisture exchange device for respiratory therapy
US20080035149A1 (en) * 2004-03-19 2008-02-14 Scott Health & Safety Ltd. Respirators
WO2015073824A1 (en) * 2013-11-14 2015-05-21 D. Wheatley Enterprises, Inc. Serviceable cartridge assembly for respirator exhalation unit
US20160223094A1 (en) * 2012-05-30 2016-08-04 Rita STRADELLA Automatic adjustable overpressure and manual exhaust valve for diving dry-suits
US20180243520A1 (en) * 2017-02-27 2018-08-30 Intrepid Brands, LLC Vaporizer Pod
US10786695B2 (en) * 2013-07-17 2020-09-29 The Smartmask Llc Protective respiratory mask with electronic system

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT232743Y1 (it) * 1994-02-09 2000-01-19 Spasciani Riccardo Spa Maschera perfezionata per dispositivi di respirazione ad aria in pressione o meno
FR2755021B1 (fr) * 1996-10-31 1998-11-27 Comasec International Soupape anti-retour, dispositif respiratoire, masque, casque et scaphandre de protection
GB2500341B (en) * 2009-05-12 2014-01-22 Scott Health & Safety Ltd Mask for breathing apparatus

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1349335A (en) * 1918-10-04 1920-08-10 Goodrich Co B F Balloon-valve
GB705216A (en) * 1951-10-19 1954-03-10 Dunlop Rubber Co Improvements in fluid pressure relief valves
US3474783A (en) * 1966-02-18 1969-10-28 Commissariat Energie Atomique Respiratory mask with exhalation valve having alternate biasing means

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1349335A (en) * 1918-10-04 1920-08-10 Goodrich Co B F Balloon-valve
GB705216A (en) * 1951-10-19 1954-03-10 Dunlop Rubber Co Improvements in fluid pressure relief valves
US3474783A (en) * 1966-02-18 1969-10-28 Commissariat Energie Atomique Respiratory mask with exhalation valve having alternate biasing means

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4299250A (en) * 1978-03-28 1981-11-10 Johann Baptist Rombach Gmbh & Co. Kg Check and regulator valve
US4850346A (en) * 1986-10-20 1989-07-25 Wgm Safety Corp. Respirator
US4991577A (en) * 1988-01-25 1991-02-12 Shigematsu Works Co., Ltd. Exhalation valve means of a respiration mask
US4955374A (en) * 1988-07-09 1990-09-11 Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Closed cycle gas mask and breathing equipment for operation under pressure having a severance-operated connection shut-off for the breathing equipment
US5109840A (en) * 1991-02-14 1992-05-05 Specialty Packaging Licensing Company Resuscitator having directional control valve with internal "PEEP" adjustment valve
WO2003008043A1 (en) * 2001-07-18 2003-01-30 Avon Rubber & Plastics, Inc. Respirator module with speech transmission and exhalation valve
US20050022819A1 (en) * 2001-07-18 2005-02-03 Andrew Capon Respirator module with speech transmission and exhalation valve
US7296568B2 (en) 2001-07-18 2007-11-20 Avon Protection Systems, Inc. Respirator module with speech transmission and exhalation valve
US20080035149A1 (en) * 2004-03-19 2008-02-14 Scott Health & Safety Ltd. Respirators
US7594509B2 (en) 2005-01-18 2009-09-29 Teleflex Medical Incorporated Heat and moisture exchange device for respiratory therapy
US20060157056A1 (en) * 2005-01-18 2006-07-20 Burk Marc A Heat and moisture exchange device for respiratory therapy
US20160223094A1 (en) * 2012-05-30 2016-08-04 Rita STRADELLA Automatic adjustable overpressure and manual exhaust valve for diving dry-suits
US10012323B2 (en) * 2012-05-30 2018-07-03 Rita STRADELLA Automatic adjustable overpressure and manual exhaust valve for diving dry-suits
US10786695B2 (en) * 2013-07-17 2020-09-29 The Smartmask Llc Protective respiratory mask with electronic system
WO2015073824A1 (en) * 2013-11-14 2015-05-21 D. Wheatley Enterprises, Inc. Serviceable cartridge assembly for respirator exhalation unit
GB2533898A (en) * 2013-11-14 2016-07-06 D Wheatley Entpr Inc Serviceable cartridge assembly for respirator exhalation unit
US10279204B2 (en) 2013-11-14 2019-05-07 D. Wheatley Enterprises, Inc. Serviceable cartridge assembly for respirator exhalation unit
GB2533898B (en) * 2013-11-14 2020-12-02 D Wheatley Entpr Inc Serviceable cartridge assembly for respirator exhalation unit
US11040226B2 (en) * 2013-11-14 2021-06-22 D. Wheatley Enterprises, Inc. Serviceable cartridge assembly for respirator exhalation unit
US20180243520A1 (en) * 2017-02-27 2018-08-30 Intrepid Brands, LLC Vaporizer Pod

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH511033A (fr) 1971-08-15
ES369354A1 (es) 1971-06-01
LU59025A1 (ja) 1969-11-15
DE1935122A1 (de) 1970-02-26
BE735424A (ja) 1969-12-01
GB1258597A (ja) 1971-12-30
NL6909873A (ja) 1970-01-13
FR1586121A (ja) 1970-02-13

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