US3574303A - Moisture separator reheater for pressurized vapor - Google Patents

Moisture separator reheater for pressurized vapor Download PDF

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Publication number
US3574303A
US3574303A US763885A US3574303DA US3574303A US 3574303 A US3574303 A US 3574303A US 763885 A US763885 A US 763885A US 3574303D A US3574303D A US 3574303DA US 3574303 A US3574303 A US 3574303A
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Prior art keywords
moisture
vapor
casing
disposed
pair
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US763885A
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English (en)
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Thomas J Rabas
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Westinghouse Electric Corp
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Westinghouse Electric Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/26—Steam-separating arrangements
    • F22B37/266—Separator reheaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/04—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia
    • B01D45/08—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by impingement against baffle separators

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT This invention provides an improved unitary device for removing moisture from moisture-laden vapor in a 7 highly pressurized state and heating the demoisturized vapor to a dry and/or superheated state, in which an axially elongated casing (closed at its ends) is divided into a pair of oppositely disposed and axially extending moisture-laden vapor collection chambers into which the incoming moistureladen vapor (such as motive steam for a steam turbine) is individually distributed in a uniform manner by a longitudinally elongated manifold disposed in each chamber, and a centrally disposed and axially extending moisture-free vapor collection chamber wherein the demoisturized vapor is heated and then delivered from the casing.
  • the chambers are defined, in part, by a pair of plate-type moisture separators also extending in axial direction from end to end of the casing and providing a flow path from the moisture-laden vapor collection space to the moisture-free vapor collection chamber.
  • nuclear steam generators do not provide motive steam at as high a temperature as provided by more conventional fossilfired steam generators.
  • the steam temperature falls to the saturation temperature with formation of moisture that can have very serious deleterious effects on the succeeding stages of turbine blades unless removed.
  • Reheating of the steam after demoisturizing is also highly desirable, since it permits further expansion in the turbine. without formation of additional harmful moisture.
  • two or more moisture separator/reheaters are employed between successively lower pressure units.
  • moisture separator/reheater devices of this type must handle large volumetric flow rates with minimum pressure drop loss. Hence the size of these units is getting larger to accommodate the steam utilized in larger turbine systems. With this situation, it is desirable to enhance the moisture-separating characteristics and reheating characteristics, so that greater flows can be handled with optimum moisture removal without increase in pressure drop and yet without increasing the physical size of the casing.
  • the moisture separator/reheater is formed with an axially elongated casing, with its opposite ends closed, and a pair of moisture separators disposed within the casing in transversely spaced relation with each other and extending in axial direction from substantially one end of the casing to the other.
  • the separators are preferably of the stacked plate type (known as the chevron type) and, jointly with suitable partition structure, divide the casing into a pair of oppositely disposed chambers for receiving the moisture-laden steam and a central chamber disposed in fluid flow communication with the pair of chambers by way of the opposed separators and forming a chamber for collecting the demoisturized steam.
  • the central chamber has a heater tube bundle through which highly heated steam is circulated to heat the demoisturized steam to a dry superheated state before delivery from the casing.
  • a pair of manifolds one in each of said pair of chambers, is provided for uniformly delivering the incoming steam thereto along the entire axial extent of the casing, thereby minimizing the pressure drop losses of the steam. Also, since the separators are substantially coextensive with the length of the casing and each of the separators handles 50 percent of the total steam flow, pressure losses due to the separators is also minimized.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a unitary moisture separator/reheater unit incorporating the invention, the section being taken along line H of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view, or a larger scale, taken on line [H] of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 2 but showing another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line V-V of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line VI-VI of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a unitary device 10, formed in accordance with the invention, for removing moisture from moisture-laden, saturated vapor (for example, steam) in a highly pressurized state and heating the demoisturized vapor to a dry and/or superheated state.
  • moisture separator/reheater unit This type of device is generally known in the art and is usually called a moisture separator/reheater unit.”
  • steam and water will be employed in the description of the moisture separator/reheater for the same reason, and not by way of limitation.
  • the moisture separator/reheater 10 is provided with a tubular axially elongated shell or casing 12 closed at its ends by a pair of oppositely disposed end bells l3 and 14.
  • the interior of the casing 12 as best shown in FIG. 2, is divided into three axially extending chambers, i.e., a pair of oppositely disposed chambers 15 and 16 and a centrally disposed chamber 17, by internal structure including a pair of laterally spaced vertical partitions l8 and 19 extending from the end bell 13 to the end bell 14 and end partitions 20 and 21.
  • the partitions 18 and 19 are sealingly attached at their upper marginal portions 18 and 191 to the outer casing 12 and have their lower marginal portions 18 and 19 disposed in vertically spaced relation with the lower portion of the outer casing.
  • a pair of moisture/separating structures 23 and 24 extend from the marginal portions 18 and 19 respectively to the lower portions of the outer casing and provide fluid flow communication between the outer chambers 15, 16 and the central chamber 17.
  • the partitions and separators are disposed in parallel chordal planes.
  • the moisture separating structures 23 and 24 extend axially from the end partition 20 to the end partition 21, as best shown in FIG. 1.
  • the end partition 21 and the end bell l3 jointly define an inlet chamber 25 into which moisture-laden pressurized steam is admitted through an inlet fitting 26.
  • a pair of tubular manifolds 28 and 29 are received in suitable openings in the end partition 21 and extend longitudinally into the outer chambers 15 and 16 respectively.
  • the manifolds 28 and 29 are in fluid flow communication with the inlet chamber 25 and are provided with a series of outlet openings 30, 31 respectively, along their length to admit moisture-laden steam uniformly into their respective chambers 15 and 16, hereinafter termed moisture-laden steam collecting chambers, for clarity.
  • the manifolds 28, 29 extend in axial direction for substantially the entire length of their associated collection chambers and lie in a common horizontal plane that extends across the central axis of the casing 12.
  • the partitions 18 and 19, on the other hand, extend downwardly below the horizontal plane.
  • a pair of heaters 32 and 33 are provided to heat the moisture-free steam in the central steam collection chamber 17.
  • the heaters are preferably disposed one above the other and are substantially identical, hence only the heater 32 will be described.
  • the heater 32 is generally conventional and includes a bundle of tubes 34 of the U- or hairpin-type received at their open ends in a suitable tube sheet 35 and extending through the partition 20 for the full length of the central chamber 17.
  • the tube sheet 35 is preferably of disc shape and is sealingly connected at its periphery to a hemispherical channel head 36 in any suitable manner.
  • Within the channel head 36 there is a partition 37 which, together with the channel head and the tube sheet, defines a heating steam inlet chamber 38 and a vitiated steam outlet chamber 39.
  • Heating steam from any suitable supply (not shown) is admitted through a suitable inlet 40 into the inlet chamber 38 and traverses the bundle of U-tubes 34 and is then withdrawn from the outlet chamber 39 as vitiated steam and/or condensate through a suitable outlet
  • the outer casing 12 is further provided with a tubular outlet fitting 43 in its lower portion and in communication with the lower portion of the central chamber 17 and chambers 15 and 16, for delivering collected moisture from the casing; and a tubular outlet fitting 45 in its upper portion in communication with the upper portion of the central chamber, for delivering superheated steam from the casing.
  • the moisture/separating structures 23 and 24 are substantially identical and of well-known type, hence only the separating structure 23 will be described.
  • the moisture separating structure 23 as more clearly shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, comprises a rectilinear array of vertically extending plate members 47 disposed in uniformly horizontally spaced relation with each other and of generally V-shaped or chevron" shape in cross section.
  • the array of plate members 47 is mounted in a frame including an upper plate member 48 and a lower plate member 49.
  • the upper plate member 48 is attached to the flanged marginal portion 18 of the partition 18 and the lower plate member 49 is attached to the casing 12 to form a rigid structure.
  • the lower plate member 49 may be provided with a plurality of holes 50 to permit the moisture separated from the moisture-laden steam to drop and collector for removal through the outlet 43 as indicated by the dotted arrows 51.
  • the outlet ports 31 in the manifold 29 and the outlet ports 30 in the manifold 28 are disposed at a central angle of about 30 with the horizontal, and preferably less than 45, to direct the moisture-laden steam toward the inner surface of the outer casing 12 to cause impingement of the discrete moisture-laden jets of steam, as it issues therefrom in operation, to strike the casing surface with initial separation of moisture, as indicated by the dotted arrows 52.
  • moisture-laden steam to be freed of moisture and reheated to a dry superheated state is admitted through the inlet 26 into the end chamber 25 and thence in two separate parallel circuits through the manifolds 28 and 29.
  • the steam is thence admitted into the respective moistureladen steam collection chambers 15 and 16 in a plurality of jets through the associated ports 30 and 31.
  • the remaining moisture is substantially removed by impingement on the V-shaped plates 47 and drops to the bottom of the casing 12, while the two substantially moisture-free but saturated steam streams turn upwardly in the moisture-free steam collection chamber 17 and then merge and flow upwardly past the tube bundles of the reheaters 33 and 32.
  • the steam is heated to a dry superheated state and then issues from the steam outlet 45.
  • FIGS. 4, and 6 illustrate a second embodiment of the invention that is generally similar to the first embodiment, but employs a single bundle 55 of reheater tubes 56 (as shown in cross section) and dual moisture separator structures 57 and 59.
  • the moisture separator structures 57 and 59 are preferably identical, hence only the structure 57 will be described.
  • the structure 57 employs two arrays 60 and 61 of vertically extending and horizontally spaced plate members 62 and 63, respectively. These plates are of V or chevron cross-sectional shape and similar to the plates 47 in the first embodiment.
  • the plate array 60 extends substantially the full axial length of the casing 64 (as in the first embodiment) and is attached at its upper end to the lower end 65 of the internal partition 65 and at its lower end to a flange of a Z-shaped plate member 67.
  • the plate array 61 is coextensive with the plate array 60 but is disposed in horizontally spaced relation therewith and at a lower level.
  • the plate array 61 is attached at its upper end to an opposite marginal flange 69 of the plate member 67.
  • a horizontally disposed perforated plate 72 is mounted in a central position adjacent the bottom of the outer casing 64 and the lower end of the plate array 61 is supported by the perforated plate 72 and attached thereto.
  • the Z-shaped plate 67 is effective to divide the stream of moisture-laden steam from the collection chamber 73, so that the upper portion of the stream flows through the upper plate array 60 and the lower portion of the stream flows through the lower plate array 61.
  • Moisture separated from the steam stream by the plate array 61 drops through the perforated plate 72 for removal through the condensate outlet 74, while moisture separated from the steam stream by the plate array 60 is directed through the plate 72 by a plurality of tubes 76 depending from the flange 66.
  • the moisture-free streams merge in the moisture-free steam collection chamber 77 and turn upwardly to pass around the reheater tubes 56 with attendant heating to a dry superheated state and issue from the casing 64 through an upper tubular outlet 78.
  • Both of the above embodiments provide optimum moisture separation characteristics to the moisture separator/reheater structure and thus permit the use of smaller diameter outer casings with attendant reduction in manufacturing costs.
  • the second embodiment provides an efficient and space saving arrangement for large moisture/separating plate structures by the arrangement of the separator plate arrays 60 and 61, without sacrifice in pressure drop, thereby permitting even greater savings in size of the casing and hence of the entire unit.
  • a unitary moisture separator and reheater for vapor comprising:
  • said moisture separators providing a flow communication between said pair of chambers and said central chamber and efiective to remove moisture from the vapor flow therethrough;
  • the inlet connecting means includes a pair of axially elongated manifolds disposed in the pair of chambers and extending coextensively with said moisture/separating structures.
  • the inlet connecting means includes a pair of manifolds disposed in the pair of chambers and extending in axial direction.
  • each of the manifolds is provided with an axially spaced array of orifices and said orifices are disposed in a manner to direct the moisture-laden vapor into impingement with the casing to effect initial separation of moisture from the vapor.
  • each of the moisture/separating structures comprises a first and a second tier of vertically extending vapor-deflecting plate members disposed in parallel flow relation with each other.
  • the first tier has inner and outer edge portions and the second tier has inner and outer edge portions;
  • the inner edge portion of the first tier and the outer edge portion of the second tier being connected to each other; and v the outer edge portion of the first tier being connected to the casing, and the inner edge portion of the second tier being connected to its associated partitions.
  • first and second tiers are disposed in partially overlapping relation with each other and define separate and parallel flow paths for vapor from the inlet chambers to the outlet chamber.
  • a unitary moisture separator and reheater for vapor comprising:
  • partitions having outer edge portions disposed in sealing abutment with the outer casing;
  • said moisture/separating structures having outer edge portions in sealing abutment with said casing;
  • partitions and said moisture/separating structures having mutually abutting inner edge portions, whereby said partitions and said moisture/separating structures jointly divide said easing into a pair of oppositely disposed moisture-laden vapor collection chambers and a centrally disposed moisture-free vapor collection chamber;
  • said moisture separators being effective to remove moisture from the moisture-laden vapor and providing a flow communication between said pair of chambers and said central chambers for the demoisturized vapor; means disposed in said central chamber for heating said demoisturized vapor; and
  • the inlet connecting means includes a pair of axially elongated manifolds disposed in the pair of chambers and extending coextensively with said moisture/separating structures.
  • the moisture separators each comprise a plurality of vertically extending vapor-deflecting plate members disposed in mutually horizontally spaced relation, a trough for collecting the moisture and means for draining the collected moisture from the casing.
  • the inlet connecting means includes a pair of manifolds disposed in the pair of chambers and extending in axial direction.
  • each of the manifolds is provided with an axially spaced array of orifices and said orifices are disposed in a manner to effect impingement of the issuing jets against the casing to effect initial separation of moisture from the vapor.
  • each of the moisture/separating structures comprises a first and a second tier of vertically extending vapor-deflecting plate members;
  • said first and second tiers being of a greater total height than the spacing between the abutting inner edge portions of the partitions and the abutting outer edge functions of the moisture/separating structures and defining parallel opposed flow paths for the vapor from the pair of chambers.
  • the first tier has inner and outer edge portions and the second tier has inner and outer edge portions;
  • the outer edge portion of the first tier being connected to the casing, and the inner edge portion of the second tier being connected to its associated partitions.
  • first and second tiers are disposed in partially overlapping relation with each other and define separate and parallel flow paths for vapor from the inlet chambers to the outlet chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
US763885A 1968-09-30 1968-09-30 Moisture separator reheater for pressurized vapor Expired - Lifetime US3574303A (en)

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US (1) US3574303A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE739277A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1948429A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES371425A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2019188A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1255512A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6914709A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE347063B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3712272A (en) * 1971-10-19 1973-01-23 Gen Electric Combined moisture separator and reheater
US3745978A (en) * 1970-12-02 1973-07-17 Babcock Atlantique Sa Apparatus for drying and superheating steam
US4007518A (en) * 1975-08-25 1977-02-15 Phillips Petroleum Company Steam supply apparatus
JPS5912727A (ja) * 1982-06-28 1984-01-23 ウエスチングハウス　エレクトリック　コ−ポレ−ション 湿分分離器
US4717400A (en) * 1985-03-29 1988-01-05 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Combined moisture separator and reheater
US4905631A (en) * 1989-02-27 1990-03-06 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Moisture separator reheater with inlet diffuser for steam distribution
US20090288418A1 (en) * 2006-08-28 2009-11-26 Issaku Fujita Moisture separator
US20110005471A1 (en) * 2007-09-07 2011-01-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries ,Ltd. Moisture separator reheater
US20110056201A1 (en) * 2009-09-08 2011-03-10 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for controlling moisture separator reheaters
CN102828788A (zh) * 2011-06-15 2012-12-19 上海电气电站设备有限公司 一种汽水分离再热器的蒸汽分配结构
EP2617952A2 (de) 2012-01-20 2013-07-24 Balcke-Dürr GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Zwischenüberhitzen von Turbinendampf
CN103429853A (zh) * 2010-09-30 2013-12-04 西门子公司 制造过热水蒸汽的装置和方法
CN104266530A (zh) * 2014-09-17 2015-01-07 东方电气(广州)重型机器有限公司 一种蒸汽分布器及汽水分离再热器
CN106268051A (zh) * 2016-08-16 2017-01-04 哈尔滨汽轮机厂辅机工程有限公司 用于1400mw大型核电机组上的汽水分离再热装置

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE794556A (fr) * 1972-01-27 1973-07-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Systeme et methode de fonctionnement de rechauffeur de cycles de vapeur pour un systeme a turbine destine a la production d'electricite
FR2424477A1 (fr) * 1978-04-28 1979-11-23 Stein Industrie Dispositif echangeur de sechage et de surchauffe de vapeur
US4485069A (en) * 1982-01-20 1984-11-27 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Moisture separator reheater with round tube bundle

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB931235A (en) * 1961-12-29 1963-07-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Unitary moisture/steam separating and steam reheating apparatus

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB931235A (en) * 1961-12-29 1963-07-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Unitary moisture/steam separating and steam reheating apparatus

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3745978A (en) * 1970-12-02 1973-07-17 Babcock Atlantique Sa Apparatus for drying and superheating steam
US3712272A (en) * 1971-10-19 1973-01-23 Gen Electric Combined moisture separator and reheater
US4007518A (en) * 1975-08-25 1977-02-15 Phillips Petroleum Company Steam supply apparatus
JPS5912727A (ja) * 1982-06-28 1984-01-23 ウエスチングハウス　エレクトリック　コ−ポレ−ション 湿分分離器
US4717400A (en) * 1985-03-29 1988-01-05 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Combined moisture separator and reheater
US4905631A (en) * 1989-02-27 1990-03-06 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Moisture separator reheater with inlet diffuser for steam distribution
CN101495805B (zh) * 2006-08-28 2011-09-07 三菱重工业株式会社 水分分离器
US7993426B2 (en) * 2006-08-28 2011-08-09 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Moisture separator
US20090288418A1 (en) * 2006-08-28 2009-11-26 Issaku Fujita Moisture separator
US20110005471A1 (en) * 2007-09-07 2011-01-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries ,Ltd. Moisture separator reheater
US20110056201A1 (en) * 2009-09-08 2011-03-10 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for controlling moisture separator reheaters
US9719378B2 (en) 2009-09-08 2017-08-01 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for controlling moisture separator reheater
US8499561B2 (en) 2009-09-08 2013-08-06 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for controlling moisture separator reheaters
CN103429853A (zh) * 2010-09-30 2013-12-04 西门子公司 制造过热水蒸汽的装置和方法
CN102828788A (zh) * 2011-06-15 2012-12-19 上海电气电站设备有限公司 一种汽水分离再热器的蒸汽分配结构
DE102012001091A1 (de) * 2012-01-20 2013-07-25 Balcke-Dürr GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Zwischenüberhitzen von Turbinendampf
DE102012001091B4 (de) * 2012-01-20 2014-10-30 Balcke-Dürr GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Zwischenüberhitzen von Turbinendampf
US8997492B2 (en) 2012-01-20 2015-04-07 Balcke-Durr Gmbh Apparatus and method for reheating turbine steam
EP2617952A2 (de) 2012-01-20 2013-07-24 Balcke-Dürr GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Zwischenüberhitzen von Turbinendampf
CN104266530A (zh) * 2014-09-17 2015-01-07 东方电气(广州)重型机器有限公司 一种蒸汽分布器及汽水分离再热器
CN104266530B (zh) * 2014-09-17 2016-11-23 东方电气(广州)重型机器有限公司 一种蒸汽分布器及汽水分离再热器
CN106268051A (zh) * 2016-08-16 2017-01-04 哈尔滨汽轮机厂辅机工程有限公司 用于1400mw大型核电机组上的汽水分离再热装置

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Publication number Publication date
GB1255512A (en) 1971-12-01
DE1948429A1 (de) 1970-04-09
NL6914709A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-04-01
FR2019188A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-06-26
SE347063B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-07-24
ES371425A1 (es) 1971-10-16
BE739277A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-03-02

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