US3573971A - Process of making permanent-press fabrics and garments - Google Patents
Process of making permanent-press fabrics and garments Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3573971A US3573971A US3573971DA US3573971A US 3573971 A US3573971 A US 3573971A US 3573971D A US3573971D A US 3573971DA US 3573971 A US3573971 A US 3573971A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fabrics
- mixture
- composition
- fabric
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
- D06M15/423—Amino-aldehyde resins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2369—Coating or impregnation improves elasticity, bendability, resiliency, flexibility, or shape retention of the fabric
- Y10T442/2393—Coating or impregnation provides crease-resistance or wash and wear characteristics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2762—Coated or impregnated natural fiber fabric [e.g., cotton, wool, silk, linen, etc.]
- Y10T442/277—Coated or impregnated cellulosic fiber fabric
- Y10T442/2828—Coating or impregnation contains aldehyde or ketone condensation product
- Y10T442/2852—Amide-aldehyde condensate [e.g., modified urea-aldehyde condensate, etc.]
Definitions
- the specific composition is formed by reacting an aqueous formaldehyde-urea solution with urea under alkaline conditions, heating the mixture to a predetermined temperature, adding an alcohol at acidic pH, heating again to a predetermined temperature, neutralizing the pH of the mixture, stripping 06 the volatile matter, and then adding a loweralkylcarbamate to the residue and reacting further at an alkaline pH at a predetermined temperature for a period sufiicient to cause the reaction to go to completion.
- the essential step in this process is the addition of the loweralkylcarbamates as the last step.
- the term loweralkylcarbamate includes not only unsubstituted alkyls but such substituted lower alkyls as methoxy and hydroxyloweralkyl.
- This invention relates to the treatment of fabrics, particularly of the wash-wear type, and of garments made therefrom, wherein, even after repeated launderings or dry cleaning, pleats, creases, or the like, applied to the fabrics during the process of manufacturing, are retained, whereas, wrinkles, creases, etc., appearing in the fabrics or garments after the completion of manufacture are removed during laundering or dry-cleaning.
- the particular process in which the present invention is utilized is the so-called delayed-cure process wherein the treating composition, containing a resin finish, is applied to the fabric prior to its being made up into a garment, but wherein the composition is not cured until the garment has been completed and the required pleats, creases, or the like have been formed.
- the ratio of bound formaldehyde to urea in the resin was undesirably low, i.e., no more than about 2: 1.
- the resin finish has a ratio of bound formaldehyde to urea which is, generally, greater than 2.5: 1.
- the present process further provides high stability of the treated, but uncured fabrics, even when drying has been carried to extremely low moisture levels.
- the essence of the improvement resides in the preparation of a uron type resin wherein, after the volatile matter has been stripped-off in vacuo, a solution of alkylcarbamate is added to the residue. Further reaction is then permitted to take place between the residue and the alkylcarbamate. The product resulting from this reaction is utilized as the resin finish in the present process.
- alkyl carbamate includes both unsubstituted alkyl groups and such substituted alkyls as methoxyalkyl and hydroxyalkyl.
- the alkyl is also preferably a lower alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, and isopropyl.
- U.F.- concentrate an aqueous mixture containing, by Weight, 60% formaldehyde and 25 %ureamanufactured by Allied Chemical Co.
- Urea (solid) 120 Aqueous NaOH, 25% strength (or sufiicient to bring the pH of the mixture to about 10.5) 17
- This mixture may be heated to a temperature of between about 50 to C. for from about 1 to 3 hours. In this case, it was heated, with agitation, to the preferred temperature of about 7080 C. for about 2 hours, after which 1,500 parts by weight methanol and 75 parts by weight 20 B. HCl were added, to bring the pH to between about 4.0-5.0.
- the mixture was then heated under reflux (about 85 C.), and with agitation, for about 40 minutes (although the time may vary between about 15 minutes to 1 hour), after which it was neutralized and brought to a pH of about 8.5 with 25% caustic soda (about parts by weight).
- the pH was adjusted to about 8.0 and the mixture was filtered.
- EXAMPLE 2 A number of separate runs of the same process were carried out as in Example 1 and using the same components and proportions except that in each of these runs a different material was substituted for the methoxyethylcarbamate. These substituted materials were as follows: (a) methylcarbamate, (b) ethylcarbamate, (c) propylcarbamate, (d) isopropylcarbamate, (e) methoxypropylcarbamate, (f) methoxyisopropylcarbamate, (g) hydroxyethylcarbamate, and (h) hydroxypropylcarbamate.
- the mixture was neutralized and brought to a pH of about 8.0 with about 100 parts by weight of 25 NaOH, and the mixture was then vacuum stripped.
- the free formaldehyde content was about 12% by weight relative to the Weight of the finished product which had a solids content of about 70% by weight.
- About 100 parts by weight of water was added, and the mixture was again vacuum-stripped under agitation. Five repetitions were required to obtain the required result as shown by analysis which revealed a total activity of about 81.3% by weight, of which solids constituted 76.5% and free formaldehyde 4.8%.
- the ratio of bound formaldehyde to urea was 2.05:1.
- the pH was then adjusted to about 8.0 and the mitxure was filtered for clarification.
- EXAMPLE 5 A /35 polyester/cotton poplin fabric, a 15/ 10 rayon acetate/nylon fabric, and a 50/35/15 Acrilan/ rayon/ acetate fabric were padded with the following bath:
- 40% active refers to the concentration of the resin in the product, while the term reactive means capable of cross-linking.
- the samples were dried for 2 minutes at 250 F. and then cured for 10 minutes, at 340 F.
- EXAMPLE 6 The same type fabrics as in Example 5 were treated by 0 padding in the same bath as in Example 5 except that the product of Example 3 was substituted for the product of Example 1. These samples were then dried and cured in the same manner as in Example 5.
- EXAMPLE 7 The treated samples of Examples 5 and 6 were evaluated for hand with the following ratings.
- EXAMPLE 8 White cotton broadcloth, and white 65/ 35 polyester cotton shirting were treated by padding in baths containing respectively the products of Examples 1 and 3 at the 16% level and the products of Examples 4A, 4B and 4C at the 12% level. Zinc nitrate catalyst was used in each case. All the samples were dried for 1 /2 minutes at 260 F. and then cured at 340 F. for 15 minutes. Evaluation tests were limited to crease-angle recovery and discoloration after cure. In no case were either optical brighteners or tints used in order that actual color changes could be observed. The results were as follows:
- the crease angle recovery was obtained by means of the Monsanto crease angle recovery method (Method CCC Tl9lB-52l2) hereinafter further discussed.
- the bath composition was as follows:
- Bath composition Parts by weight
- active has the same meaning as in Example 5.
- the samples were dried at 280 F. in a 45 foot gas-fired entirely-housed clip frame.
- the cotton sateens were run at 28 yards per minute, the cotton ducks and the hopsacking at 25 yards per minute.
- the sensitized (treated, but uncured) fabrics were then pressed on a Prosperity Press, Model #249MU, at 300 F. and medium pressure, programmed at seconds steam, 15 seconds bake, and 5 seconds vacuum.
- the cotton fabrics were cured for 15 minutes at 325 F. while the polyester/ cotton fabric was cured for minutes at 340 F.
- Example 9 The samples were dried in the same manner as in Example 9, except that the sateens were run at 30 yards per minute and the ducks and hopsacking at 28 yards per minute.
- the colored fabrics treated in accordance with Example 9 showed no observable change of tint, whereas, the fabrics treated in accordance with Example 10 showed marked discoloration wherein the reds acquired a bluish to purplish cast, oranges and greens turned muddy, and blues became greenish.
- the improved hand and color fastness of the fabrics treated in accordance with the present invention should also retain such desirable characteristics as satisfactory smoothness, tensile strength, tear strength and flex abrasion, as compared with fabrics treated in accordance with the commonly used prior processes. It was found that fabrics treated in accordance with the present invention were, in most cases, at least as good and, in many cases, better than those fabrics treated in accordance with prior processes.
- EXAMPLE 12 A 75/15/10 rayon/acetate/nylon fabric treated in the manner of Example 5 except that the curing step was omitted was cut and sewn into a dress, the dress was finished and pressed, with pleats being pressed into place. It was then hung on a rack and introduced into a curing oven where it was cured at 320 F. for 10 minutes, thereby setting the pleats.
- the amount of formaldehyde exceeds the amount of urea, with urea at a temperature of about 4090 C. for about 1 to 3 hours, while maintaining the pH of the mixture greater than 10.0, to form methylolated urea and its low polymers, then adding an amount of a lower aliphatic alcohol in excess of the amount required to etherify the methylol groups on the acid side, while maintaining the pH at about 4.0-5.0 by the addition of an acid, thereafter agitating the mixture at reflux temperature for about 15 to 60 minutes, followed by neutralization and the addition of an alkali to bring the pH to about 8.5 thereafter stripping 01f the volatile matter, then adding an amount of lower-alkylcarbamate wherein the alkyl contains less than 4 carbon atoms, equivalent to about 4.0 to 8.0% by weight of the solids content of the residue, and adjusting the mixture to a pH of about 10.0 while maintaining the mixture at a temperature and for a time sufiicient to substantially complete the reaction between said residue and the loweralkyl
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US68832767A | 1967-12-06 | 1967-12-06 | |
US87701769A | 1969-11-14 | 1969-11-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3573971A true US3573971A (en) | 1971-04-06 |
Family
ID=27104207
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US3573971D Expired - Lifetime US3573971A (en) | 1967-12-06 | 1969-11-14 | Process of making permanent-press fabrics and garments |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3573971A (en) |
-
1969
- 1969-11-14 US US3573971D patent/US3573971A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3649165A (en) | Soil-release characteristics of textile materials | |
US2690404A (en) | Method of making wrinkle resistant fabric and composition therefor | |
US2755198A (en) | Novel compositions and treatment of textile materials | |
US3183054A (en) | Aldehyde condensation products and their use in treating fibrous materials | |
US4026808A (en) | Flame retardant textile finishes | |
US3597147A (en) | Modification of cellulosic textile materials with pyrimidones | |
US3676052A (en) | Polypropylene glycols and substituted polypropylene glycols are used in conjunction with crosslinking agents to produce durable press fabrics with improved soil release performance | |
US2426770A (en) | Textile finishing composition comprising a methoxymethyl melamine and an aliphatic alcohol having at least eight carbon atoms | |
US3598514A (en) | Methods of applying soil-release compositions to textile materials | |
US3458869A (en) | Method of producing press-free garments and products thereof | |
US3052570A (en) | Textile finishing resin, wrinkle resistant cellulose textile, processes of making resin and treated textile | |
US3434794A (en) | Delayed cure of cellulosic articles | |
US3521993A (en) | Soil releasing textiles | |
US3983269A (en) | Durable press composition and process | |
US4295847A (en) | Finishing process for textiles | |
US3900663A (en) | Method of treating fabrics | |
US3627556A (en) | Durable press finish for wool/cellulosic fabrics (melamine/dihydroxy-imidazolidinone resins) | |
US3026216A (en) | Treatment of textile fabrics with methylglycidyl ethers | |
US3984367A (en) | Durable press composition and process | |
US2889192A (en) | Method of treating cellulose-containing textile materials, materials so treated and diester composition therefor | |
US3573971A (en) | Process of making permanent-press fabrics and garments | |
US3617188A (en) | Soil release fabrics and method for producing same | |
US4237179A (en) | Process for fireproofing cellulose-containing fiber material dyed with copper-complex azo dyes | |
US3219478A (en) | Flameproofing of cellulosic material | |
US2904387A (en) | Composition and process for crease- and wrinkleproofing cellulosic textile material |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: BARCLAYS AMERICAN, 1 BUSINESS CREDIT, INC. 111 FOU Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MILLMASTER ONYX GROUP, INC., A DE CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004139/0941 Effective date: 19821222 Owner name: MILLMASTER ONYX GROUP, INC., A DE CORP. Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:KEWANEE INDUSTRIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004139/0909 Effective date: 19830407 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FIRST FLORIDA BANK (N.A.), 111 EAST MADISON, TAMPA Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:LESLIE CO., A NJ. CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004661/0485 |