US3572073A - Method of shaping a thin-walled body - Google Patents

Method of shaping a thin-walled body Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3572073A
US3572073A US805403A US3572073DA US3572073A US 3572073 A US3572073 A US 3572073A US 805403 A US805403 A US 805403A US 3572073D A US3572073D A US 3572073DA US 3572073 A US3572073 A US 3572073A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
preform
mold
opening
gas
shaped
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US805403A
Inventor
Walter B Dean
Harry P Schane
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3572073A publication Critical patent/US3572073A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
    • B21D26/049—Deforming bodies having a closed end

Definitions

  • a method of shaping a body includes putting a preform into a mold and heating the assembly to produce and increase pressure within the preform causing the preform to expand and conform to the shape of the interior of the mold.
  • This invention relates to a method for shaping a container or body from a first shape, commonly calledra preform, to a final shape. More particularly, it relates to preforrns having relatively thin walls of high strength at ambient temperatures but with a lower strength and increased elongation at elevated temperatures.
  • high-strength metals generally have low elongation at room temperature and are capable of retaining good strength and good elongation at elevated temperatures. While explosive forming has been reasonably successful in some cases, it has not been an ideal method of final forming and in some locations its use is restricted.
  • a method of shaping a thin metallic body comprises the steps of first providing a preform of the body to be shaped.
  • the preform is'completely enclosed to retain pressure except for the opening adapted to be connected to a source of gas.
  • a mold having an interior surface shaped to the form to which the metallic body is to be shaped is then provided with the preform being inserted into the mold.
  • Gas is fed into the interior of the enclosed preform through the opening and pressurized to some predetermined pressure within the preform.
  • the mold and preform are heated to increase the gas pressure within the preform causing it to expand and conform to the shape of the interior surface of the mold as the material being formed is reduced in strength and its elongation is increased as the temperature is increased.
  • This may be considered a special method of creep forming.
  • FIG. 1 is a view of a metal preform to be formed into an irregular shaped body, in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a mold and a metal preform illustrating the method of forming an irregular shaped body, in accordance with the present invention.
  • H6. 3 is a side view of the body after it has been formed, in accordance with the present invention.
  • a cone-shaped metallic preform 10 is illustrated.
  • the ends of the preform are joined with a continuous weld 12 after the metal has been cut to a suitable shape or may be mechanically joined to the preform to retain pressure.
  • the metal may be titanium or other type metal normally hard to form with conventional methods.
  • preform l isillustrated as being conical in shape and open a plate 18.
  • the plates'l6 and 18 are welded or mechanically attached to the preform 1 0 to form a good seal.
  • An opening 20 is provided in the top platel 6 with a conduit 22 being welded to the opening to'permit' to'be delivered to the interior of the preform l0.
  • the mold 14 includes a relatively thick metallic sizing die 24.
  • a relatively thick metallic cover 26 is bolted or otherwise suitably mounted to the sizing die 24 prior to the forming operation, to be described.
  • An opening is provided in the cover 26 to permit the conduit 22 to pass therethrough.
  • the conduit may be connected to a suitable source of gas (not illustrated).
  • a valve 28 is provided to open or close the path between the source of gas and the interior of the preform l0.
  • the interior-wall of the mold 30 is shaped in accordance with the final form desired.
  • the interior wall includes top section 30 as well as smaller sections 32, 34 and 36. It is apparent that the interior of the mold may be of any shape desired.
  • the sizing die 24 includes a plurality of bleed holes 38, 40, 42 and 44. These bleed holes are provided to permit any trapped air within the mold 14 to escape as the preform 10 is expanded in a manner to be described.
  • an inert gas which for example may argon, is delivered from a gas source, through the open valve 28, through the conduit 22 and into the interior of the preform.
  • the valve 28 is closed. The exact pressure applied depends upon the metal thickness and its physical properties. in the embodiment illustrated, the thickness may be between .010 and .016 inch, for example.
  • the mold assembly is then put into an oven where it is heated.
  • the entire mold assembly is heated to approximately 1,200 F.
  • the pressure within the preform l0 rises toapproximately p.s.i.
  • the relatively high temperature causes the walls of the preform to become more formable.
  • the preform l0 expands until the thin walls make intimate contact with the interior walls of the mold.
  • the air between the preform and the mold is relieved through the bleed holes 38, 40, 42 and 44.
  • the mold is taken out of the oven and permitted to cool.
  • the top cover 26 is taken off the sizing die 24 and the formed body then taken out of the mold and is shaped as illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the top and bottom plates 16 and 18 are then removed from the formed article along with the conduit 22.
  • the gas pressure within the preform may be varied during the time that the preform is being heated. Also,
  • the pressure may be maintained at some point.
  • the subject invention makes it possible to form containers or other bodies of irregular shapes in a relatively simple manner without cumbersome machining or explosives. Also, the initial preparations and final formation of the part is minimized.
  • a method of shaping a thin metallic body comprising the steps of providing a preform of said body to be shaped, completely enclosing said preform except for an opening adapted to be connected to a source of pressurized gas, providing a mold having an interior surface shaped to the form to which said metallic body is to be shaped, inserting said prefonn into said mold, delivering a predetermined amount of said pressurized gas into the interior of said enclosed preform through said opening, closing said opening and maintaining said gas under a fixed pressure within said preform, heating said preform to cause the gas to expand to increase the pressure within said container causing said preform to expand and conform to the shape of the interior surface of said mold.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A method of shaping a body includes putting a preform into a mold and heating the assembly to produce and increase pressure within the preform causing the preform to expand and conform to the shape of the interior of the mold.

Description

United States Patent [72] Inventors Walter B. Dean Narberth; Harry P. Schane, Both (c/o The Budd Company 250 l-luntng Park Ave. Philadelphia, Pa. 19132), Lafayette Hill, Pa
211 Appl.No.. 803,403 22 Filed Mar. 10, 1969 [45] Patented Mar. 23, 1971 [54] METHOD OF SHAPING A THIN-WALLED BODY 4 Claims, 3 Drawing Figs.
[52] U.S. Cl 72/62, 72/367, 29/421 [51] Int. Cl B2ld 26/04 [50] Field ofSearch 72/60, 61, 62, 364, 367; 29/421 Primary Examiner-Richard J. Herbst Attorneys-Thomas I. Davenport, Edward M. Farrell,
John B. Sowell, Alford L. Trueax, Jr. and William R. Nolte ABSTRACT: A method of shaping a body includes putting a preform into a mold and heating the assembly to produce and increase pressure within the preform causing the preform to expand and conform to the shape of the interior of the mold.
pmsmznmzslsn I I 35721073 40 INVENTORS WALTER B. DEAN BY HARRY P. SGHANE @m/fzM ATTORNEY METHOD OF SHAPING A'THIN-WALLED BODY This invention relates to a method for shaping a container or body from a first shape, commonly calledra preform, to a final shape. More particularly, it relates to preforrns having relatively thin walls of high strength at ambient temperatures but with a lower strength and increased elongation at elevated temperatures.
Numerous different methods have been employed for forming bodies from preformed bodies. Blow and injection molding have been employed within a preform was filled with a liquid with the liquid being subjected to pressure to' cause the prefomi to expand until it contacts the wall of the mold. Other methods have employed stretch-forming operations which have included the forming of sheet metal blanks into a variety of different contoured shapes by pulling the blank either around a male-forming member to conform the blank to the latter or while the blank is betweena set of male and female dies of a contour to provide a desiredcurvature. Still other methods have employed electromagnetic forming, explosive forming and the like. 7 a
It is well known that extreme and unusual material requirements have been imposed in many applications involving high operational temperatures and speeds. Manyof the materials used to meet these requirements are not capable of being fuially formed by many conventional methods of the types mentioned. Such materials as titanium, ticonium, hafnium, beryllium and numerous other types of metal present particular problems in final forming. These materials can generally not be handled by conventional procedures at room temperatures because they are brittle and do not permit forming pres sure to be applied thereto without cracking.
These so-called high-strength metals generally have low elongation at room temperature and are capable of retaining good strength and good elongation at elevated temperatures. While explosive forming has been reasonably successful in some cases, it has not been an ideal method of final forming and in some locations its use is restricted.
It is an object of this invention to provide a novel method of fonning thin-walled bodies into irregular shapes.
It is a further object of this invention to provide an improved economical method of forming a thin-walled irregularly shaped body from a preform.
in accordance with the present invention, a method of shaping a thin metallic bodycomprises the steps of first providing a preform of the body to be shaped. The preform is'completely enclosed to retain pressure except for the opening adapted to be connected to a source of gas. A mold having an interior surface shaped to the form to which the metallic body is to be shaped is then provided with the preform being inserted into the mold. Gas is fed into the interior of the enclosed preform through the opening and pressurized to some predetermined pressure within the preform. The mold and preform are heated to increase the gas pressure within the preform causing it to expand and conform to the shape of the interior surface of the mold as the material being formed is reduced in strength and its elongation is increased as the temperature is increased.
This may be considered a special method of creep forming.
Other objects and advantages of the'present invention will be apparent and suggest themselves to those skilled in the art, from a reading of the following specification and claims in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 is a view of a metal preform to be formed into an irregular shaped body, in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a mold and a metal preform illustrating the method of forming an irregular shaped body, in accordance with the present invention; and
H6. 3 is a side view of the body after it has been formed, in accordance with the present invention.
Referring particularly to FIG. 1, a cone-shaped metallic preform 10 is illustrated. The ends of the preform are joined with a continuous weld 12 after the metal has been cut to a suitable shape or may be mechanically joined to the preform to retain pressure. The metal may be titanium or other type metal normally hard to form with conventional methods. The
preform l isillustrated as being conical in shape and open a plate 18. The plates'l6 and 18 are welded or mechanically attached to the preform 1 0 to form a good seal. An opening 20 is provided in the top platel 6 with a conduit 22 being welded to the opening to'permit' to'be delivered to the interior of the preform l0.
The mold 14 includes a relatively thick metallic sizing die 24. A relatively thick metallic cover 26 is bolted or otherwise suitably mounted to the sizing die 24 prior to the forming operation, to be described.
An opening is provided in the cover 26 to permit the conduit 22 to pass therethrough. The conduit may be connected to a suitable source of gas (not illustrated). A valve 28 is provided to open or close the path between the source of gas and the interior of the preform l0.
The interior-wall of the mold 30 is shaped in accordance with the final form desired. In the embodiment illustrated, the interior wall includes top section 30 as well as smaller sections 32, 34 and 36. It is apparent that the interior of the mold may be of any shape desired.
The sizing die 24 includes a plurality of bleed holes 38, 40, 42 and 44. These bleed holes are provided to permit any trapped air within the mold 14 to escape as the preform 10 is expanded in a manner to be described. After the preform 10 has been inserted into the mold 14, an inert gas, which for example may argon, is delivered from a gas source, through the open valve 28, through the conduit 22 and into the interior of the preform. After the gas has been delivered and is at about 5Q p.s.i., the valve 28 is closed.The exact pressure applied depends upon the metal thickness and its physical properties. in the embodiment illustrated, the thickness may be between .010 and .016 inch, for example.
The mold assembly is then put into an oven where it is heated. The entire mold assembly is heated to approximately 1,200 F. At this point the pressure within the preform l0 rises toapproximately p.s.i. At the same time, the relatively high temperature causes the walls of the preform to become more formable. As a result of the combined action of the high pressure and greater formability of the metal at increased temperatures, the preform l0 expands until the thin walls make intimate contact with the interior walls of the mold.
The air between the preform and the mold is relieved through the bleed holes 38, 40, 42 and 44. After the preform 10 has been expanded, the mold is taken out of the oven and permitted to cool. Upon completion of the forming of the article, the top cover 26 is taken off the sizing die 24 and the formed body then taken out of the mold and is shaped as illustrated in FIG. 2. The top and bottom plates 16 and 18 are then removed from the formed article along with the conduit 22.
In some cases the gas pressure within the preform may be varied during the time that the preform is being heated. Also,
at some point, the pressure may be maintained at some.
predetermined level. Such means for varying and controlling the gas pressures at different times during the operation are well known and therefore are not illustrated or described in detail.
It is seen that the subject invention makes it possible to form containers or other bodies of irregular shapes in a relatively simple manner without cumbersome machining or explosives. Also, the initial preparations and final formation of the part is minimized.
We claim:
1. A method of shaping a thin metallic body comprising the steps of providing a preform of said body to be shaped, completely enclosing said preform except for an opening adapted to be connected to a source of pressurized gas, providing a mold having an interior surface shaped to the form to which said metallic body is to be shaped, inserting said prefonn into said mold, delivering a predetermined amount of said pressurized gas into the interior of said enclosed preform through said opening, closing said opening and maintaining said gas under a fixed pressure within said preform, heating said preform to cause the gas to expand to increase the pressure within said container causing said preform to expand and conform to the shape of the interior surface of said mold.
2. A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the additional step is provided of relieving any trapped air between said prefonn and the interior surface of said mold during the expansion of said preform.

Claims (4)

1. A method of shaping a thin metallic body comprising the steps of providing a preform of said body to be shaped, completely enclosing said preform except for an opening adapted to be connected to a source of pressurized gas, providing a mold having an interior surface shaped to the form to which said metallic body is to be shaped, inserting said preform into said mold, delivering a predetermined amount of said pressurized gas into the interior of said enclosed preform through said opening, closing said opening and maintaining said gas under a fixed pressure within said preform, heating said preform to cause the gas to expand to increase the pressure within said container causing said preform to expand and conform to the shape of the interior surface of said mold.
2. A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the additional step is provided of relieving any trapped air between said preform and the interior surface of said mold during the expansion of said preform.
3. The invention as set forth in claim 2 wherein the additional step is provided of enclosing said preform by applying a plate with an aperture therein to close an open area of said preform to form a gastight enclosure.
4. The invention as set forth in claim 3 wherein a two-piece mold is provided with one of the pieces being provided with an opening to permit said pressurized gas to be delivered from said source through said opening and through the aperture of said plate into said enclosure.
US805403A 1969-03-10 1969-03-10 Method of shaping a thin-walled body Expired - Lifetime US3572073A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US80540369A 1969-03-10 1969-03-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3572073A true US3572073A (en) 1971-03-23

Family

ID=25191482

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US805403A Expired - Lifetime US3572073A (en) 1969-03-10 1969-03-10 Method of shaping a thin-walled body

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US3572073A (en)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3644975A (en) * 1969-12-24 1972-02-29 Keiichi Kimura Method of manufacturing a heat exchanger
US3934441A (en) * 1974-07-08 1976-01-27 Rockwell International Corporation Controlled environment superplastic forming of metals
US5916317A (en) * 1996-01-04 1999-06-29 Ball Corporation Metal container body shaping/embossing
US6079244A (en) * 1996-01-04 2000-06-27 Ball Corporation Method and apparatus for reshaping a container body
US6182487B1 (en) * 1998-02-18 2001-02-06 Nippon Sanso Corporation Metal vessel and a fabrication method for the same
US6216509B1 (en) * 1998-08-25 2001-04-17 R.J. Tower Corporation Hydroformed tubular member and method of hydroforming tubular members
FR2809033A1 (en) * 2000-05-22 2001-11-23 Aerospatiale Matra Lanceurs St ALUMINUM ALLOY DOME, ESPECIALLY FOR FORMING A TANK BOTTOM, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
US6609301B1 (en) 1999-09-08 2003-08-26 Magna International Inc. Reinforced hydroformed members and methods of making the same
US6684475B2 (en) * 2000-03-31 2004-02-03 Hde Solutions Gmbh Method of making large volume hollow bodies
US20040250404A1 (en) * 2003-01-14 2004-12-16 Cripsey Timothy J. Process for press forming metal tubes
US20050257587A1 (en) * 2002-11-08 2005-11-24 Atsushi Tomizawa Profile element pipe for hydraulic bulging, hydraulic bulging device using the element pipe, hydraulic bulging method using the element pipe, and hydraulically bulged product
US20060096099A1 (en) * 2003-05-08 2006-05-11 Noble Metal Processing, Inc. Automotive crush tip and method of manufacturing
US7266982B1 (en) 2005-06-10 2007-09-11 Guza David E Hydroforming device and method
US20080178650A1 (en) * 2002-11-08 2008-07-31 Atsushi Tomizawa Profile element pipe for hydraulic bulging, hydraulic bulging device using the element pipe, hydraulic bulging method using the element pipe, and hydraulically bulged product
US10407203B2 (en) * 2013-06-14 2019-09-10 The Coca-Cola Company Multi blow molded metallic container

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US714903A (en) * 1898-02-17 1902-12-02 Robert Lewis Process of lining pipes.
GB276247A (en) * 1927-02-24 1927-08-25 Ernst Asberger Improved metal blowing process
US2825794A (en) * 1955-02-23 1958-03-04 Edward A Stalker Process and apparatus for fabricating hollow blades for compressors, turbines, and the like
US3386863A (en) * 1964-01-13 1968-06-04 Boeing Co Method and apparatus for fabricating a hollow part

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US714903A (en) * 1898-02-17 1902-12-02 Robert Lewis Process of lining pipes.
GB276247A (en) * 1927-02-24 1927-08-25 Ernst Asberger Improved metal blowing process
US2825794A (en) * 1955-02-23 1958-03-04 Edward A Stalker Process and apparatus for fabricating hollow blades for compressors, turbines, and the like
US3386863A (en) * 1964-01-13 1968-06-04 Boeing Co Method and apparatus for fabricating a hollow part

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3644975A (en) * 1969-12-24 1972-02-29 Keiichi Kimura Method of manufacturing a heat exchanger
US3934441A (en) * 1974-07-08 1976-01-27 Rockwell International Corporation Controlled environment superplastic forming of metals
US5916317A (en) * 1996-01-04 1999-06-29 Ball Corporation Metal container body shaping/embossing
US6079244A (en) * 1996-01-04 2000-06-27 Ball Corporation Method and apparatus for reshaping a container body
US6332346B2 (en) * 1998-02-18 2001-12-25 Nippon Sanso Corporation Metal vessel and a fabrication method for the same
US6182487B1 (en) * 1998-02-18 2001-02-06 Nippon Sanso Corporation Metal vessel and a fabrication method for the same
US6216509B1 (en) * 1998-08-25 2001-04-17 R.J. Tower Corporation Hydroformed tubular member and method of hydroforming tubular members
US6609301B1 (en) 1999-09-08 2003-08-26 Magna International Inc. Reinforced hydroformed members and methods of making the same
US6684475B2 (en) * 2000-03-31 2004-02-03 Hde Solutions Gmbh Method of making large volume hollow bodies
EP1157762A1 (en) * 2000-05-22 2001-11-28 Eads Launch Vehicles Dome made of aluminium alloy, especially to form a bottom of a tank and method to produce the same
FR2809033A1 (en) * 2000-05-22 2001-11-23 Aerospatiale Matra Lanceurs St ALUMINUM ALLOY DOME, ESPECIALLY FOR FORMING A TANK BOTTOM, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
US6629353B2 (en) 2000-05-22 2003-10-07 Eads Launch Vehicles Dome made of aluminum alloy; particularly intended to form the bottom of a tank; and method of manufacturing it
WO2001089733A1 (en) * 2000-05-22 2001-11-29 Eads Launch Vehicles Aluminium alloy dome, in particular for forming a reservoir base, and method for making same
US20070234771A1 (en) * 2002-11-08 2007-10-11 Atsushi Tomizawa Method of Hydraulic bulging and shaft pressing profile element pipe to make hydraulically bulged product
US7827839B2 (en) 2002-11-08 2010-11-09 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Profile element pipe for hydraulic bulging, hydraulic bulging device using the element pipe, hydraulic bulging method using the element pipe, and hydraulically bulged product
US20050257587A1 (en) * 2002-11-08 2005-11-24 Atsushi Tomizawa Profile element pipe for hydraulic bulging, hydraulic bulging device using the element pipe, hydraulic bulging method using the element pipe, and hydraulically bulged product
US20080178650A1 (en) * 2002-11-08 2008-07-31 Atsushi Tomizawa Profile element pipe for hydraulic bulging, hydraulic bulging device using the element pipe, hydraulic bulging method using the element pipe, and hydraulically bulged product
US20050056075A1 (en) * 2003-01-14 2005-03-17 Cripsey Timothy J. Process for press forming metal tubes
US20040250404A1 (en) * 2003-01-14 2004-12-16 Cripsey Timothy J. Process for press forming metal tubes
US20060096099A1 (en) * 2003-05-08 2006-05-11 Noble Metal Processing, Inc. Automotive crush tip and method of manufacturing
US7266982B1 (en) 2005-06-10 2007-09-11 Guza David E Hydroforming device and method
US10407203B2 (en) * 2013-06-14 2019-09-10 The Coca-Cola Company Multi blow molded metallic container

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3572073A (en) Method of shaping a thin-walled body
US5974847A (en) Superplastic forming process
US3896648A (en) Blow molding process for container of superplastic alloy
US5058408A (en) Method for partially annealing the sidewall of a container
JP3776886B2 (en) Method for forming pressure RAM for metal container, etc.
US4811890A (en) Method of eliminating core distortion in diffusion bonded and uperplastically formed structures
US6910358B2 (en) Two temperature two stage forming
GB1248253A (en) A method of forming metal alloys
HU188156B (en) Method for producing thin-walled one-section metal bodies first for pressure vessels and the hollow metal body produced by the method
US5776270A (en) Method for reforming a container and container produced thereby
US10363593B2 (en) Multi-forming method
JP2001162330A (en) Manufacturing method of metal sheet member having large area
EP0172732B1 (en) Forming of metal articles
US2751676A (en) Method of cold working metal
US4113522A (en) Method of making a metallic structure by combined superplastic forming and forging
EP1331049A2 (en) A method and apparatus for superplastic forming
DE3061951D1 (en) Process for manufacturing compressed bodies from metal powder
US20110289997A1 (en) Method and apparatus for fabricating articles from metals having a hexagonal close packed crystal structure
US1216282A (en) Method of working copper.
KR102374065B1 (en) Device for Multi forming
ES281325A1 (en) Procedure for the manufacture of thick wall containers of thermoformable plastic material (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
US3466908A (en) Apparatus for forming hollow articles
US3633264A (en) Isostatic forging
US3126623A (en) L merrill
US4290293A (en) Method for deep drawing