US3571870A - Process for the production of crimped tow for cigarette filters - Google Patents

Process for the production of crimped tow for cigarette filters Download PDF

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Publication number
US3571870A
US3571870A US807455A US3571870DA US3571870A US 3571870 A US3571870 A US 3571870A US 807455 A US807455 A US 807455A US 3571870D A US3571870D A US 3571870DA US 3571870 A US3571870 A US 3571870A
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United States
Prior art keywords
band
filaments
tow
another
adhere
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Expired - Lifetime
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US807455A
Inventor
Olaf George Dixon
Margaret Patricia Dixon
John Fagge
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Akzo Nobel UK PLC
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Courtaulds PLC
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/12—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the production of crimped cellulose acetate tow of a type especially suitable for the production of cigarette filters.
  • cellulose acetate is spun through a spinnerette having say 100 200 orifices.
  • the bundles of filaments or ends" from each of a number of spinnerettes and their associated spinning cabinets" are assembled to form a tow.
  • This tow is normally composed of filaments of about 1.5 to about denier and the denier of the tow is from about 25,000 to about 100,000.
  • the tow is then sent to a crimping device in the form of a fiat band of say l to not more than 6- filament-diameters thickness.
  • the width of the tow or band may vary considerably, depending on the number of ends combined. Typically it may he say 2 to 2-Vzinches wide.
  • Atypical crimper comprises a pair of nip rollers by which the tow is forced into a stuffing box against back pressure.
  • the crimp inserted in the tow be regular.
  • the tow is crimped horizontally, that is to say the crimps lie in the plane of the band of tow. It has been discovered, however, that a much more uniform product is obtained if the tow is crimped vertically, that is if the crimpslie in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the tow. It is an object of this invention to provide tow which has a vertical crimp.
  • vertically crimped cellulose acetate tow is obtained by feeding a band of cellulose acetate filaments each having a denier of say 1.5 to 10, the thickness of the band being not more than about 6 filament diameters, all of the filaments in the band being substantially parallel to one another and all having some degree of adherence to neighboring filaments, to a stuffing-box crimper having a width sufficient to accommodate the band and a height not more than 3/16 inch.
  • the adherence of the filaments one to another may be secured by a variety of methods.
  • the nip rollers which feed the band of tow to the stuffing box crimper may be so arranged that the nip pressure is high enough to cause the adherence.
  • a relatively light nip may be applied and the band of tow may be lightly plasticized it may even be sufficient in some cases to moisten the band with water when the capillary action of the adjacent fibers may be sufi'rcient to cause the individual filaments to adhere together.
  • the adherence is produced by the pressure of the rollers or by the application of the plasticizer, it is frequently advantageous to treat the band of filaments with steam to soften them slightly before passing through the rollers.
  • the band is passed from the nip rollers into the stuffing box crimper which is of a smaller height than the usual stuffing box crimper.
  • This height that is to say the distance across the opening of the stuffing box in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the band of tow, must not be greater than three-sixteenths of an inch and is preferably about oneeighth of an inch.
  • Tow which has been crimped in accordance with the invendriven b driving means (not shown).
  • the band of filaments rs fed into the opening of the stuffing box formed .of a fixed blade 4 and a movable blade 5 pivoted at 8 on which a load is applied at 6.
  • the band of filaments folds in the stuffing box as a result of the resistance applied by the load 6 to its egress and crimping takes place.
  • the crimped tow is withdrawn under minimum tension for example over the guide roller 10.
  • a steam heater i2 is provided through which steam may be passed through the inlet 13 and outlet 14 if it is desired to apply steam heating to the tow l before crimping.
  • the opening of the stuffing box is wide enough in the dimension A to accommodate the band of filaments ll without substantial folding over of the edges. According to the invention, it is not greater than 3/16 inch in the dimension B. Preferably the dimension B is about A; inch. Smaller openings can be used, but increased frictional factors make these openings less desirable. Side extensions 11 of the fixed doctor blade 4 complete the stuffing-box assembly and the pivot 8 passes through these side extensions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

Vertically crimped cellulose acetate tow of 25,000-100,000 denier, suitable for cigarette filters, is made by feeding a band of cellulose acetate filaments in which the filaments have a denier of about 1.5 to about 10, are substantially parallel to one another and are adhered to one another, the band being not more than about 6 filament diameters thick, to a stuffing box crimper having an opening wide enough to accommodate the tow and not more than three-sixteenths inches high.

Description

United States Patent [72] Inventors Olaf George Dixon, deceased, late of Leamington Spa, England;
Margaret Patricia Dixson, Personal Representive, Leamington Spa; John Fagge, Huberston, Cleepthorpes, England [21 1 App]. No. 807,455
[22] Filed Mar. 14, 1969 [45] Patented Mar. 23, 1971 [73] Assignee Collrtaulds Limited London, England [32] Priority Aug. 5, 1965 [33] Great Britain Continuation-impart of application Ser. No. 568,748, July 29, 1966.
[54] PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CRIMPED TOW FOR CIGARETTE FILTERS 6 Claims, 2 Drawing Figs.
{52] US. Cl 28/72.14 [51] Int. Cl D02q 1/12 [50] Field of Search 28/ l .6, 72.14 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,793,418 5/1957 Pfau 28/l.6
FOREIGN PATENTS 962,516 7/1964 Great Britain 28/1 (CR) Primary ExaminerLouis K. Rimrodt Attorney-Davis, Hoxie, Faithfull and Hapgood PATENTEDMARZSISYI 357L870 f fix vmwmmems.isma smmvm.
INVENTORS Davis, Hoxie, Faithfull 8c Hapgood ATTORNEYS E TROCESS EUR TiillE ERODUCTION F CRIMPED TOW FOR (IlIGARlETTE FllLTlERS This application is a continuation-in-part of our copending application Ser. No. 568,748, filed Jul. 29, 1966.
This invention relates to the production of crimped cellulose acetate tow of a type especially suitable for the production of cigarette filters.
in the normal process for the production of cellulose acetate cigarette filters, as described for example in British Pat. 909,940, cellulose acetate is spun through a spinnerette having say 100 200 orifices. The bundles of filaments or ends" from each of a number of spinnerettes and their associated spinning cabinets" are assembled to form a tow. This tow is normally composed of filaments of about 1.5 to about denier and the denier of the tow is from about 25,000 to about 100,000. The tow is then sent to a crimping device in the form of a fiat band of say l to not more than 6- filament-diameters thickness. The width of the tow or band may vary considerably, depending on the number of ends combined. Typically it may he say 2 to 2-Vzinches wide.
Atypical crimper comprises a pair of nip rollers by which the tow is forced into a stuffing box against back pressure.
This causes the tow to crimp.
it is, of course, highly desirable that the crimp inserted in the tow be regular. in the conventional crimping process, the tow is crimped horizontally, that is to say the crimps lie in the plane of the band of tow. It has been discovered, however, that a much more uniform product is obtained if the tow is crimped vertically, that is if the crimpslie in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the tow. It is an object of this invention to provide tow which has a vertical crimp.
According to the invention vertically crimped cellulose acetate tow is obtained by feeding a band of cellulose acetate filaments each having a denier of say 1.5 to 10, the thickness of the band being not more than about 6 filament diameters, all of the filaments in the band being substantially parallel to one another and all having some degree of adherence to neighboring filaments, to a stuffing-box crimper having a width sufficient to accommodate the band and a height not more than 3/16 inch.
The adherence of the filaments one to another may be secured by a variety of methods. Thus, the nip rollers which feed the band of tow to the stuffing box crimper may be so arranged that the nip pressure is high enough to cause the adherence. Alternatively, a relatively light nip may be applied and the band of tow may be lightly plasticized it may even be sufficient in some cases to moisten the band with water when the capillary action of the adjacent fibers may be sufi'rcient to cause the individual filaments to adhere together. When the adherence is produced by the pressure of the rollers or by the application of the plasticizer, it is frequently advantageous to treat the band of filaments with steam to soften them slightly before passing through the rollers.
After the treatment to secure adherence of the filaments to one another the band is passed from the nip rollers into the stuffing box crimper which is of a smaller height than the usual stuffing box crimper. This height, that is to say the distance across the opening of the stuffing box in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the band of tow, must not be greater than three-sixteenths of an inch and is preferably about oneeighth of an inch.
Tow which has been crimped in accordance with the invendriven b driving means (not shown). On issuing from the nip of the ro lers 2 and 3 the band of filaments rs fed into the opening of the stuffing box formed .of a fixed blade 4 and a movable blade 5 pivoted at 8 on which a load is applied at 6. The band of filaments folds in the stuffing box as a result of the resistance applied by the load 6 to its egress and crimping takes place. The crimped tow is withdrawn under minimum tension for example over the guide roller 10. A steam heater i2 is provided through which steam may be passed through the inlet 13 and outlet 14 if it is desired to apply steam heating to the tow l before crimping.
Referring to H6. 2 the opening of the stuffing box is wide enough in the dimension A to accommodate the band of filaments ll without substantial folding over of the edges. According to the invention, it is not greater than 3/16 inch in the dimension B. Preferably the dimension B is about A; inch. Smaller openings can be used, but increased frictional factors make these openings less desirable. Side extensions 11 of the fixed doctor blade 4 complete the stuffing-box assembly and the pivot 8 passes through these side extensions.
it is claimed:
1. In a process for the crimping of cellulose acetate tow for cigarette filters by forcing a tow having a denier from about 25,000 to about l50,000 into a stuffer box against back pressure, the improvement which comprises maintaining the individual filament denier in said tow at from 1.5 to about 10, forming the filaments into a band having a thickness not more than about 6 filament diameters and in which the filaments are adhered to one another and delivering the band to a stuffer box having an opening wide enough to accommodate the band and not more than 3/16 inches high, to crimp said filaments in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the band.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the height of the opening of the stuffing-box crimper isone-eighth of an inch.
3. The process as claimed in claim 1 in which filaments are caused to adhere to one another by moistening the band of filaments with water.
4. The process claimed in claim 1 and comprising passing the band between a pair of feed rollers prior to delivering it to the stuffer box and maintaining the nip pressure in said feed rollers at a level sufficient to cause adjacent filaments in said band to adhere to one another.
5. The process claimed in claim 1 and comprising applying a plasticizer to the filaments and passing the band of filaments between a pair of feed rollers prior to delivering it to the stufi'er box, to cause the adjacent filaments in said band to adhereto one another.
6. The process claimed in claim l and comprising contacting the band with steam to soften the filaments thereof and passing the hand between a pair of feed rollers prior to delivering it to the stuffer box, to cause adjacent filaments to adhere to one another.

Claims (5)

  1. 2. A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the height of the opening of the stuffing-box crimper is one-eighth of an inch.
  2. 3. The process as claimed in claim 1 in which filaments are caused to adhere to one another by moistening the band of filaments with water.
  3. 4. The process claimed in claim 1 and comprising passing the band between a pair of feed rollers prior to delivering it to the stuffer box and maintaining the nip pressure in said feed rollers at a level sufficient to cause adjacent filaments in said band to adhere to one another.
  4. 5. The process claimed in claim 1 and comprising applying a plasticizer to the filaments and passing the band of filaments between a pair of feed rollers prior to delivering it to the stuffer box, to cause the adjacent filaments in said band to adhere to one another.
  5. 6. The process clAimed in claim 1 and comprising contacting the band with steam to soften the filaments thereof and passing the band between a pair of feed rollers prior to delivering it to the stuffer box, to cause adjacent filaments to adhere to one another.
US807455A 1965-08-05 1969-03-14 Process for the production of crimped tow for cigarette filters Expired - Lifetime US3571870A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB33496/65A GB1149896A (en) 1965-08-05 1965-08-05 Crimped tow

Publications (1)

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US3571870A true US3571870A (en) 1971-03-23

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US807455A Expired - Lifetime US3571870A (en) 1965-08-05 1969-03-14 Process for the production of crimped tow for cigarette filters

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BE (1) BE685124A (en)
DE (1) DE1629329B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1149896A (en)
NL (1) NL6610993A (en)

Cited By (53)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3949454A (en) * 1971-01-25 1976-04-13 Textured Yarn Co., Inc. Treatment of textile film strands
US4075746A (en) * 1976-06-16 1978-02-28 Kling-Tecs, Inc. Compression crimping apparatus
EP0115706A3 (en) * 1983-01-03 1986-03-05 Celanese Corporation Stuffer box crimper
US5020198A (en) * 1988-08-10 1991-06-04 Filter Materials Ltd. Crimped textile fibers and stuffer box apparatus and methods for crimping textile fibers
US20050283959A1 (en) * 2004-06-25 2005-12-29 Caenen Philip I L Cellulose acetate tow and method of making same
US20050288163A1 (en) * 2004-06-25 2005-12-29 Celanese Acetate Llc Cellulose acetate tow and method of making same
WO2006007011A2 (en) 2004-06-25 2006-01-19 Celanese Acetate Llc Cellulose acetate tow and method of making same
US20130115452A1 (en) * 2011-11-03 2013-05-09 Celanese Acetate Llc High Denier Per Filament and Low Total Denier Tow Bands
WO2014018645A1 (en) 2012-07-25 2014-01-30 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Mixed fiber sliver for use in the manufacture of cigarette filter elements
US20150164133A1 (en) * 2012-05-30 2015-06-18 British American Tabacco (Investments) Limited Filter for a Smoking Article
US9119419B2 (en) 2012-10-10 2015-09-01 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Filter material for a filter element of a smoking article, and associated system and method
CN106998799A (en) * 2014-11-28 2017-08-01 株式会社大赛璐 The tow band of cigarette filter estron, cigarette filter, the manufacture method of the manufacture device of tow band and tow band
US9951445B2 (en) 2012-08-23 2018-04-24 Columbia Insurance Company Systems and methods for improving and controlling yarn texture
WO2018160587A1 (en) 2017-02-28 2018-09-07 Eastman Chemical Company Cellulose acetate fibers in nonwoven fabrics
US10113252B2 (en) 2012-08-23 2018-10-30 Columbia Insurance Company Systems and methods for improving and controlling yarn texture
WO2019168845A1 (en) 2018-02-27 2019-09-06 Eastman Chemical Company Slivers containing cellulose acetate for spun yarns
US10524500B2 (en) 2016-06-10 2020-01-07 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Staple fiber blend for use in the manufacture of cigarette filter elements
WO2020046634A1 (en) 2018-08-29 2020-03-05 Eastman Chemical Company Cellulose acetate fiber blends for thermal insulation batting
EP3662770B1 (en) 2018-10-25 2021-02-24 Daicel Corporation Electronic cigarette tip tow band, electronic cigarette tip, method for producing electronic cigarette tip tow band, and method for producing electronic cigarette tip
WO2021050266A1 (en) 2019-09-13 2021-03-18 Eastman Chemical Company Improving pilling resistance in fabrics using cellulose acetate staple fibers
US11118313B2 (en) 2019-03-21 2021-09-14 Eastman Chemical Company Ultrasonic welding of wet laid nonwoven compositions
WO2022005729A1 (en) 2020-06-30 2022-01-06 Eastman Chemical Company Washable cellulose acetate fiber blends for thermal insulation
US11230811B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-01-25 Eastman Chemical Company Recycle bale comprising cellulose ester
US11286619B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-03-29 Eastman Chemical Company Bale of virgin cellulose and cellulose ester
US11299854B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-04-12 Eastman Chemical Company Paper product articles
US11306433B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-04-19 Eastman Chemical Company Composition of matter effluent from refiner of a wet laid process
US11313081B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-04-26 Eastman Chemical Company Beverage filtration article
US11332885B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-05-17 Eastman Chemical Company Water removal between wire and wet press of a paper mill process
US11332888B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-05-17 Eastman Chemical Company Paper composition cellulose and cellulose ester for improved texturing
US11339537B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-05-24 Eastman Chemical Company Paper bag
US11390991B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-07-19 Eastman Chemical Company Addition of cellulose esters to a paper mill without substantial modifications
US11390996B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-07-19 Eastman Chemical Company Elongated tubular articles from wet-laid webs
US11396726B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-07-26 Eastman Chemical Company Air filtration articles
US11401659B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-08-02 Eastman Chemical Company Process to produce a paper article comprising cellulose fibers and a staple fiber
US11401660B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-08-02 Eastman Chemical Company Broke composition of matter
US11408128B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-08-09 Eastman Chemical Company Sheet with high sizing acceptance
US11414791B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-08-16 Eastman Chemical Company Recycled deinked sheet articles
US11414818B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-08-16 Eastman Chemical Company Dewatering in paper making process
US11420784B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-08-23 Eastman Chemical Company Food packaging articles
US11421385B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-08-23 Eastman Chemical Company Soft wipe comprising cellulose acetate
US11421387B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-08-23 Eastman Chemical Company Tissue product comprising cellulose acetate
US11441267B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-09-13 Eastman Chemical Company Refining to a desirable freeness
US11466408B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-10-11 Eastman Chemical Company Highly absorbent articles
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US11492756B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-11-08 Eastman Chemical Company Paper press process with high hydrolic pressure
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US11492757B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-11-08 Eastman Chemical Company Composition of matter in a post-refiner blend zone
US11512433B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-11-29 Eastman Chemical Company Composition of matter feed to a head box
US11519132B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-12-06 Eastman Chemical Company Composition of matter in stock preparation zone of wet laid process
US11525215B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-12-13 Eastman Chemical Company Cellulose and cellulose ester film
US11530516B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2022-12-20 Eastman Chemical Company Composition of matter in a pre-refiner blend zone
WO2023027910A1 (en) 2021-08-26 2023-03-02 Eastman Chemical Company Dry spinning of cellulose acetate fiber
US11639579B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2023-05-02 Eastman Chemical Company Recycle pulp comprising cellulose acetate

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US2793418A (en) * 1953-08-06 1957-05-28 Bachmann Uxbridge Worsted Corp Crimping of filaments
GB962516A (en) * 1961-12-18 1964-07-01 Monsanto Chemicals Methods and apparatus for treating tows

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2793418A (en) * 1953-08-06 1957-05-28 Bachmann Uxbridge Worsted Corp Crimping of filaments
GB962516A (en) * 1961-12-18 1964-07-01 Monsanto Chemicals Methods and apparatus for treating tows

Cited By (69)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3949454A (en) * 1971-01-25 1976-04-13 Textured Yarn Co., Inc. Treatment of textile film strands
US4075746A (en) * 1976-06-16 1978-02-28 Kling-Tecs, Inc. Compression crimping apparatus
EP0115706A3 (en) * 1983-01-03 1986-03-05 Celanese Corporation Stuffer box crimper
US5020198A (en) * 1988-08-10 1991-06-04 Filter Materials Ltd. Crimped textile fibers and stuffer box apparatus and methods for crimping textile fibers
US5316827A (en) * 1988-08-10 1994-05-31 Filter Materials Limited Crimped textile fibers and stuffer box apparatus and methods for crimping textile fibers
US20050288163A1 (en) * 2004-06-25 2005-12-29 Celanese Acetate Llc Cellulose acetate tow and method of making same
WO2006007019A2 (en) 2004-06-25 2006-01-19 Celanese Acetate Llc Cellulose acetate tow and method of making same
WO2006007011A2 (en) 2004-06-25 2006-01-19 Celanese Acetate Llc Cellulose acetate tow and method of making same
EP1778903A4 (en) * 2004-06-25 2009-04-22 Celanese Acetate Llc Cellulose acetate tow and method of making same
US7585441B2 (en) * 2004-06-25 2009-09-08 Celanese Acetate, Llc Process of making cellulose acetate tow
US7585442B2 (en) * 2004-06-25 2009-09-08 Celanese Acetate, Llc Process for making cellulose acetate tow
EP1789615A4 (en) * 2004-06-25 2009-12-02 Celanese Acetate Llc ACETOCELLULOSE TANK AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
US20050283959A1 (en) * 2004-06-25 2005-12-29 Caenen Philip I L Cellulose acetate tow and method of making same
US20130115452A1 (en) * 2011-11-03 2013-05-09 Celanese Acetate Llc High Denier Per Filament and Low Total Denier Tow Bands
US20150164133A1 (en) * 2012-05-30 2015-06-18 British American Tabacco (Investments) Limited Filter for a Smoking Article
WO2014018645A1 (en) 2012-07-25 2014-01-30 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Mixed fiber sliver for use in the manufacture of cigarette filter elements
US9833017B2 (en) 2012-07-25 2017-12-05 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Mixed fiber sliver for use in the manufacture of cigarette filter elements
US9179709B2 (en) 2012-07-25 2015-11-10 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Mixed fiber sliver for use in the manufacture of cigarette filter elements
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US9119419B2 (en) 2012-10-10 2015-09-01 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Filter material for a filter element of a smoking article, and associated system and method
US10986863B2 (en) 2012-10-10 2021-04-27 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Filter material for a filter element of a smoking article, and associated system and method
CN106998799A (en) * 2014-11-28 2017-08-01 株式会社大赛璐 The tow band of cigarette filter estron, cigarette filter, the manufacture method of the manufacture device of tow band and tow band
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Also Published As

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GB1149896A (en) 1969-04-23
DE1629329B1 (en) 1971-08-26
NL6610993A (en) 1967-02-06
BE685124A (en) 1967-01-16

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