US3570613A - Gage cutter - Google Patents
Gage cutter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3570613A US3570613A US811065A US3570613DA US3570613A US 3570613 A US3570613 A US 3570613A US 811065 A US811065 A US 811065A US 3570613D A US3570613D A US 3570613DA US 3570613 A US3570613 A US 3570613A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- rows
- cutting
- row
- cutting elements
- plane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/50—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of roller type
- E21B10/52—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of roller type with chisel- or button-type inserts
Definitions
- Murphy ABSTRACT A gauge cutter for use with a tunneler or mine machine or the like having a plurality of rows of cutter elements about the periphery thereof, the rows being of such size and positioning as to define an oblate cylinder cutting envelope or plane to equalize the loading on the cutting elements.
- This invention pertains to gauge cutters for use on tunnelers and mining machines disposed for cutting rock in the angular juncture of the face and walls of the tunnel or mine bore, and in particular an improved gauge cutter having a configuration which is more effective in cutting operation in such angular junctures, and which is less given to wear and fatigue by virtue of its having the loading thereof, occurring through its use in such tunnel or mine junctures, more equally distributed about its configuration.
- the loading on a row of cutting elements is a function of the fracture angle of the rock (or whatever) which is being bored.
- fracture angle I refer to the angular depression which obtains in the surface of the wall or face of the bore, and in alignment with the cutting elements, after the cutting elements have cut rock away or broken rock away therefrom. It is known'that to provide a cutter which can establish wide fracture angles, the loading on the cutting elements thereof will be less than would obtain if the fracture angles were narrow. Accordingly, the optimum cutter design is one in which the fracture angles of all rows, in a plurality of rows of cutting elements, are both wide and equal..
- Gauge cutters which are especially designed to operate in the angular juncture of the face and walls of the mining or tunnel bore usually have linear profiles. However, the juncture in which they operate is nonlinear. For instance, gauge cutters known in the prior art have a configuration, and space the cutting elements thereabout, which defines a cylindrical or a tapered cylindrical cutting envelope or plane. In that the gauge cutter operates in the juncture of the bore which is nonlinear, then, at any operating time, a given row, or given rows of the cutting elements of such prior art gauge cutters are more heavily loaded than are others thereof.
- the prior art gauge cutters use rows of cutting elements which are somewhat widely spaced therebetween, and the rows define a cutting profile having an angle which is normal for wall or face cutting but which is not complementary to the somewhat angular or folded profile of the juncture of a face and wall.
- a feature of this invention comprises the provisioning of a gauge cutter having a plurality ofcutting elements arranged in rows thereabout which rows ofcutting elements define an oblate cylindrical cutting envelope or plane.
- FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a first embodiment of a gauge cutter, in accordance with the invention, having three rows of cutting elements carried thereupon;
- FIG. 2 is a side elevation of a second embodiment of gauge cutter, according to the invention, having four rows of cutting elements thereupon, with cutting elements offset from those axially disposed to either side thereof.
- FIG. 1a tunneler 10 supports a rotatable cutterhead 12, shown only in part, to which a gauge cutter 14 is rotatably mounted (by means not shown, but widely practiced in this art).
- the gauge cutter 14 comprises a cutter body, of circular cross section, on which are borne three rows of cutting elements, rows l6, l8, and 20, which carry inserts 22 as the elements.
- Gauge cutter 14 is rotatable about an axis 24, and rows 16 through 20 are cooperative with inserts 22 to define an oblate cylindrical cutting envelope or plane which is more effective in the angular juncture of the face and wall of the bore.
- the cutting plane 26 is designated in FIG. I and is bounded by the arcuate profile lines 28.
- Rows 16 through 20 operate upon the juncture of the wall and face and form wide, in fact obtuse fracture angles 30, 32, and 34, respectively, in the juncture indicated at 36.
- the juncture 36 of. the wall and face of the bore turns a right angle. Therefore, the juncture 36 has a folded profile in which linear cutting profiles are inefficient. It is for this reason that my invention teaches the use of arcuate profiles 28 and the oblate cylindrical cutting plane 26. Profiles 28, and plane 26, are efiective for turning the corner, so to speak, of juncture 36, and loading is more equally borne by all the rows: 16, 18, and 20.
- FIG. 2 is shown analternate embodiment of a gauge cutter 14 according to my invention which presents four angular cutting profiles, i.e., angular with respect to the centerline of axis 24, to the right-angular juncture 36.
- These, comprising first, second, third and fourth profiles, 38, 40, 42, and 44, are formed by the rows of cutting elements 46, 48, 50, and 52.
- First cutting profile 38 is formed by rows 46 and 48
- second profile 40 is formed by rows 48 and 50
- third profile 42 is formed by rows 50 and 52
- fourth profile 44 is formed by rows 46 and 50.
- row 48 penetrates the fourth cutting profile 44. This is the configuration more particularly described heretofore which defines an arcuate cutting profile and oblate cylindrical cutting plane- --like those indicated at 28 and 26 in FIG. 1.
- row 52 the fourth row, is provisioned not only to contribute to creation of the folded cutting profiles, and the oblate cylindrical cutting plane.
- row 52 prevents the buildup of rock, on the face of the cutter 14, which would excessively wear the face and body of the cutter, and introduce heavy thrust loading.
- my novel gauge cutters define cutting envelopes or planes which are complementary to the juncture 36, and insure a more equally distributed loading on each of the rows thereof.
- the rows of cutting elements l620 and 46-52, FIGS. I and 2, respectively, are proximately arranged to insure a cooperative and cumulative effect in the efficiency with which inserts 22 attack the bore face and wall.
- the arcuate profiles 28, and the plurality of diverse angular cutting profiles 38-44 define the improved oblate cylindrical cutting planes of the FIGS. 1 and 2 embodiments. These planes, together with the proximity of spacing between the rows of cutting elements markedly improve the performance and life of the novel gauge cutters so configured.
- inserts 22 of rows 16 and 18 are axially aligned.
- inserts 22 of row pairs 46 and 48, 48 and 50, and 50 and 52 are axially out of alignment or circumferentially offset therebetween.
- Rows 46 and 50 have inserts 22 thereof axially or circumferentially in alignment.
- Rows 46, 48, and 56 each have the same number of inserts 22.
- Inserts 22 of row 48 though, are arranged in positionings in which they are rotated or spaced in axial alignment with half-spacing locations which subsist between adjacent inserts of rows 46 and 50 to either sides thereof.
- Row 52 has half the number of inserts 22 as has row 50, and the row 52 inserts are positioned in axial alignment with half-spacing locations which subsist between alternate pairs of circumferentially adjacent inserts 22 of row 50. These insert-misalignment arrangements are provided to insure a smoother attack" and loading of the gauge cutter. Only some of the inserts 22 are shown pictorially in FIG. 2; most of them are represented, symbolically, by small crossmarks.
- a cutter body mounted on said cutterhead, having a plurality of circumferential rows of rock-cutting elements thereabout;
- said last-named row-spacing and row-disposing means being cooperative, together with said cutting elements, to define an oblate cylindrical cutting plane about said body.
- rows of at least a first pair of said plurality of rows have a given number of cutting elements equally spaced therebetween;
- At least a given row of said plurality has a differing number of cutting elements equally spaced therebetween.
- said cutting elements are circumferentially equally spaced therebetween; and i the cutting elements of one row of said plurality are rotated from another row, relative to said axial centerline, half the distance of the equal spacing.
- said rows define a cutting profile in which a first pair of said rows defines a first given angle, and at least a second pair of said rows defines a second different angle, relative to said centerline.
- At least one pair of said rows defines a cutting plane which lies at an acute angle relative to said centerline
- At least one further row of said plurality is in penetration of said plane.
- At least one pair of said rows defines a given cutting plane
- At least one further row of said plurality is in penetration of said plane.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US81106569A | 1969-03-27 | 1969-03-27 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3570613A true US3570613A (en) | 1971-03-16 |
Family
ID=25205447
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US811065A Expired - Lifetime US3570613A (en) | 1969-03-27 | 1969-03-27 | Gage cutter |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3570613A (de) |
CA (1) | CA924333A (de) |
DE (1) | DE2013188A1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2040062A5 (de) |
GB (1) | GB1277183A (de) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3734213A (en) * | 1971-02-02 | 1973-05-22 | Kennametal Inc | Rotary cutter for excavation, especially for use with raise boring and tunnel boring machines |
US3805901A (en) * | 1972-08-10 | 1974-04-23 | Ingersoll Rand Co | Earth cutter assembly |
US3858670A (en) * | 1972-05-08 | 1975-01-07 | Eugene Gray Ott | Insert cutter for cutting kerfs |
US5028092A (en) * | 1989-04-05 | 1991-07-02 | Coski Enterprises, Ltd. | Impact kerfing rock cutter and method |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113187406B (zh) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-05-20 | 西南石油大学 | 一种适用于油气钻井行业室内微钻试验的微型牙轮钻头 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3130801A (en) * | 1961-02-09 | 1964-04-28 | Reed Roller Bit Co | Drill bit having inserts forming a reamer |
US3186500A (en) * | 1961-02-09 | 1965-06-01 | Reed Roller Bit Co | Gage maintaining arrangement for drill bit cutters |
US3223188A (en) * | 1962-10-26 | 1965-12-14 | Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co | Roller cone rock bit |
-
1969
- 1969-03-27 US US811065A patent/US3570613A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1970
- 1970-02-03 GB GB5109/70A patent/GB1277183A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-03-04 CA CA076520A patent/CA924333A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-03-19 DE DE19702013188 patent/DE2013188A1/de active Pending
- 1970-03-26 FR FR7011028A patent/FR2040062A5/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3130801A (en) * | 1961-02-09 | 1964-04-28 | Reed Roller Bit Co | Drill bit having inserts forming a reamer |
US3186500A (en) * | 1961-02-09 | 1965-06-01 | Reed Roller Bit Co | Gage maintaining arrangement for drill bit cutters |
US3223188A (en) * | 1962-10-26 | 1965-12-14 | Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co | Roller cone rock bit |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3734213A (en) * | 1971-02-02 | 1973-05-22 | Kennametal Inc | Rotary cutter for excavation, especially for use with raise boring and tunnel boring machines |
US3858670A (en) * | 1972-05-08 | 1975-01-07 | Eugene Gray Ott | Insert cutter for cutting kerfs |
US3805901A (en) * | 1972-08-10 | 1974-04-23 | Ingersoll Rand Co | Earth cutter assembly |
US5028092A (en) * | 1989-04-05 | 1991-07-02 | Coski Enterprises, Ltd. | Impact kerfing rock cutter and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1277183A (en) | 1972-06-07 |
CA924333A (en) | 1973-04-10 |
DE2013188A1 (de) | 1970-10-08 |
FR2040062A5 (de) | 1971-01-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3858671A (en) | Excavating tool | |
US1838520A (en) | Turning and boring tool | |
US3599737A (en) | Anchored hardened cutter inserts | |
US3981370A (en) | Disc cutting unit for use on rock boring machines | |
US4026372A (en) | Drill bits | |
NO163297B (no) | Borkrone. | |
CN109736379B (zh) | 一种用于地下连续墙开挖的铣轮及双轮铣槽机 | |
US3570613A (en) | Gage cutter | |
US3756332A (en) | Disc type center cutter for a boring machine | |
US3751114A (en) | Cutter bit and block | |
CN1307361C (zh) | 钻头 | |
US2557302A (en) | Combination drag and rotary drilling bit | |
US2940522A (en) | Cutting tool | |
US3734213A (en) | Rotary cutter for excavation, especially for use with raise boring and tunnel boring machines | |
US2179689A (en) | Drill bit | |
US2754099A (en) | Cutting and dislodging head for a continuous mining machine | |
US2818094A (en) | Combination multiple saw and cutting head | |
US2823025A (en) | Breaker roller for boring heads | |
US3299974A (en) | Percussive drill bits | |
US3412817A (en) | Roller cone drill bit | |
US2749104A (en) | Auger drill head | |
CN209854807U (zh) | 一种用于地下连续墙开挖的铣轮及双轮铣槽机 | |
TWI830923B (zh) | 盾構掘進機和障礙物切削用刀頭 | |
US3666029A (en) | Tunneling cutter gage ring replacement | |
US2382510A (en) | Boring tool |