US3566197A - Over-voltage protection device - Google Patents

Over-voltage protection device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3566197A
US3566197A US771210A US3566197DA US3566197A US 3566197 A US3566197 A US 3566197A US 771210 A US771210 A US 771210A US 3566197D A US3566197D A US 3566197DA US 3566197 A US3566197 A US 3566197A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
columns
protection device
column
overvoltage protection
impedances
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US771210A
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English (en)
Inventor
Erland Nilsson
Asle Schei
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ABB Norden Holding AB
Original Assignee
ASEA AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ASEA AB filed Critical ASEA AB
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3566197A publication Critical patent/US3566197A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/16—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a plurality of gaps arranged in series
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H9/06—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using spark-gap arresters

Definitions

  • An overvoltage protection device consists of a number of parallel connected columns containing nonlinear resistance stacks between upper and lower spark gap stacks.
  • the spark gap stacks provide arc extension by magnetic ef- OVER-VOLTAGE PROTECTION DEVICE 6 Claims 1 Drawing fect.
  • Cross-impedances are arranged between the columns for transferring ignition pulses.
  • sistors and connecting members for the cro55-impedances are 3 17/68, 317/69 so dimensioned and arranged that the impedance increase of a II?- Clcolumn after ignition in comparison with the impedance in- Field of Search 317/31, 61, r a f o e r more subsequent ignited columns is so great 73, 74, 68, 69, 70; 315/36 that the current through the first column is less than a value corresponding to its lowest current carrying voltage.
  • the References and cross-impedances may be connected between the bottom of UNITED STATES PATENTS an upper spark gap stack and the top of a lower spark gap 2,989,664 6/l96l Zoller 317/70 stack.
  • the invention relates to an over-voltage protection device for alternating current and high power.
  • the protection device With alternating current the protection device is normally extinguished when the voltage passes through zero the first time after the ignition and no extra steps need be taken to extinguish the overvoltage protection device.
  • the present invention relates to an overvoltage protection device which is particularly suitable for use in direct current networks but which can also be used in alternating current networks.
  • the overvoltage protection device consists of a number of parallel-connected columns 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on between the network and earth.
  • the drawing shows the use of four columns, but both larger and smaller numbers are possible and the number depends, amongst other things, on the value of the overcurrents arising and also on the type of the separate elements.
  • a rod is built up of a centrally arranged nonlinear overvoltage resistance stack 5 consisting of a required number of resistance blocks and upper and lower spark gap stacks 6 and 7, respectively. Between two preferably adjacent columns is a cross-impedance 8 which is suitably resistive and which may be nonlinear like the overvoltage resistor.
  • a cross-impedance is connected between the overvoltage resistance stack at the upper end in one column and the lower end of the overvoltage resistance stack in the other column.
  • these two points are electrically equal but geometrically different. It is, however, possible and in certain cases suitable to connect the cross-impedance in a different manner, for example between two geometrically equal points.
  • the mutual control between the discharge process in two adjacent rods is not only determined by the impedance element 3 but also by the impedance of the spark gap stack itself and the control can be further influenced with the help of shunt impedances 9 and 10 inserted parallel to the rods and also connected to thecross-impedance 8.
  • the shunt impedances preferably consist of capacitive elements, but other impedance elements are also feasible.
  • the arc is extended in the spark gap stacks in the column 1 and the impedance of this column increases so much that it gives a voltage drop across the column which corresponds to the voltage drop over the other rods.
  • the current in the column 1 is thus forced down to such a low value that the are through the column is extinguished and the current through the column is interrupted.
  • the voltages over the upper and lower spark gap stacks in the column 1 are practically equal, but the voltage over the lower spark gap stack in the column 2 is very small since the arc extension has not had time to become apparent.
  • the column 3 can be brought to spark over before the column I is extinguished. In this way it can be arranged that two rods burn simultaneously if this is suitable in order to obtain a sufficiently powerful discharge.
  • the energy absorption capacity of the protection device is substantially determined by the number of parallel-connected legs and can in principle be made any size.
  • Overvoltage protection device comprised of a plurality of parallel-connected columns containing nonlinear resistors and spark gaps promoting arc extension by magnetic effect, and cross-impedances arranged between the columns for transferring ignition pulses between the columns in which the spark gaps, nonlinear resistors and connecting members for the cross-impedances are so dimensioned and arranged within the different columns that the impedance increase of a column after ignition in comparison with the impedance increase of one or more subsequently ignited columns is so great that the current through the first mentioned column is less than a value corresponding to the lowest current carrying voltage of this column.
  • I which the ignition delay between the columns is determined by the cross-impedances together with the impedance of the spark gaps.

Landscapes

  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
US771210A 1967-11-06 1968-10-28 Over-voltage protection device Expired - Lifetime US3566197A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE15144/67A SE352992B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-11-06 1967-11-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3566197A true US3566197A (en) 1971-02-23

Family

ID=20300218

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US771210A Expired - Lifetime US3566197A (en) 1967-11-06 1968-10-28 Over-voltage protection device

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3566197A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5419985B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH491521A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1806587B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1593113A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1193558A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE352992B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3809959A (en) * 1972-03-21 1974-05-07 Asea Ab Circuit interrupting means for high-voltage direct current
US3896352A (en) * 1972-10-23 1975-07-22 Bowthorpe Hellermann Ltd Lightning arresters and surge diverters
US4072998A (en) * 1975-03-18 1978-02-07 Asea Aktiebolag Over-voltage protection device
US4347539A (en) * 1981-06-03 1982-08-31 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Electrical equipment protective apparatus with energy balancing among parallel varistors
US4807082A (en) * 1987-05-14 1989-02-21 General Electric Corporation Current surge protector for power fuses
US4945442A (en) * 1989-01-30 1990-07-31 The Boeing Company Protective circuitry for high-energy transients
US20040165326A1 (en) * 2003-02-26 2004-08-26 Byrne Daniel J. Electrostatic discharge protection apparatus and method employing a high frequency noncoupled starter circuit

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3809959A (en) * 1972-03-21 1974-05-07 Asea Ab Circuit interrupting means for high-voltage direct current
US3896352A (en) * 1972-10-23 1975-07-22 Bowthorpe Hellermann Ltd Lightning arresters and surge diverters
US4072998A (en) * 1975-03-18 1978-02-07 Asea Aktiebolag Over-voltage protection device
US4347539A (en) * 1981-06-03 1982-08-31 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Electrical equipment protective apparatus with energy balancing among parallel varistors
US4807082A (en) * 1987-05-14 1989-02-21 General Electric Corporation Current surge protector for power fuses
US4945442A (en) * 1989-01-30 1990-07-31 The Boeing Company Protective circuitry for high-energy transients
US20040165326A1 (en) * 2003-02-26 2004-08-26 Byrne Daniel J. Electrostatic discharge protection apparatus and method employing a high frequency noncoupled starter circuit
US6917501B2 (en) * 2003-02-26 2005-07-12 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Electrostatic discharge protection apparatus and method employing a high frequency noncoupled starter circuit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1806587B2 (de) 1971-11-18
FR1593113A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-05-25
CH491521A (de) 1970-05-31
GB1193558A (en) 1970-06-03
DE1806587A1 (de) 1969-07-24
JPS5419985B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1979-07-19
SE352992B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-15

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