US356275A - Magazine fiee arm - Google Patents

Description

' (No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet I.

L.'P. DISS MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

Patented Jan. 18, 1887.

3 Sheets-Sheet,- 2.

L. P. DISS.

- MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

(No Model.)

Patented Jan. 18. 1887.

Eu "Ems? (No Model.) 3 SheetsSl1eet 3.

L. P. DISS.

MAGAZINE FIRE ARM. No. 356,275. Patented Jan. 18, 1887.

UNITED Y STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS P. DISS, ()F ILION, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO E. REMINGTON & SONS, OF SAME PLACE.

MAGAZINE FIRE-ARM.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No..356,275, dated January 18, 1887.

Application tiled July 22, 1886.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it'known that LLoUts P. Dtss, of Ilion, in the county of Herkimer and State of New York, have, invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fire-Arms, of which the following is a specification.

Myinvention' relates to that class of firear'nis known as bolt-guns, and more especially to those which have a magazine arranged to feed the cartridges sidewise up through an opening in the bottom of the receiver, from whence they are shoved forward .by the bolt into the chamber of the barrel; and the invention consists in anuntber of improvements, hereinafter specified.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a portion of'agnn, showing the breech mechanism with the boltpartiall y retracted view with the breech closed. Fig. 3 is a trans verse vertical section of the receiver on the line was of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical central section; and Figs. 5 to 1.8, inelusive. represent the parts in detail.

The first part of my invention relates to the construction of the bolt and its attachments, theobject being toso construct and arrange these parts as to facilitate the mounting an'd distnouuting of the same. For this purpose I construct the boit in two parts, the main portion 0 (shown detached in Fig. 7) being provided withthe usual top rib, C, and preferably, though not necessarily, with a lag, g, on the opposite side, to engage in a recess in the receiver to assist in looking the bolt securely in place when the breech is closed. The other portion of the bolt consists of a nose-piece, .1, (shown detached in Fig. 1.1,) this nose-piecc, at its front end, being made of a diameter corresponding with that of the bolt 0, but having its body reduced in diameter, so as to tit within the front end of the bolt, which is ,made tubular to receive it, as shown in section in Fig. i. On the upper side of this n0se-piece G, i make a laterally-projccting flange, G, as shown in Figs. (3, 10, and 11-, which,when the bolt is in position in the gun, will project upward in rear of the chamber in the barrel, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4-, to serve as a gas check or deflector, and thus pre vent the gas from a defective cartridge from Fig. 2 is a similar- Serial No. 208,818. No model being forced back into the face of the soldier or person using the 'gun. I connect the nosepiece to the bolt in such a manner that it is caused to move to. and fro with the bolt, but does not turn witn the bolt. This I accon1- plish' by forrning an annular groove, h, in the exterior surfaceof the nose-piece, as shown in Fig. 11, with a longitudinal groove extending from the groove 7.: backward to the rear end, this groove being shown in ig. 9, and indicated by the dotted line in Figs. 10 and 11. A pin, 71', (shown -in section in Fig.4c and in dotted line in Fig. 6,) is inserted through the wall of the bolt (1 in such a position that when the nose-piece has its stem inserted into the 6 bolt the end of the pin will enter the longitudinal part of the groove and pass into the annularv portion h as the nose-piece is shoved back, and then turned partly over, thus forming what maybe termed a; bayonet-joint, o

by which the nose is secured to the bolt in such a manner as to be moved with it as the bolt is shoved forward or drawn back, but is free to remain stationary when the bolt is turned to lock or unlock it.

I also provide a rigid extractor, which is shown detached in l igs. Sand 12. The body -H o/f this extractor consists of a solid piece of metal hollowed out longitudinally. so as to fit upon the exterior of the bolt 0, like a sleeve,

as shown'in Fig. 1, for about one'fourth of the circumference of the bolt. On its under side it has a transverse groove, a, to engage with a corresponding lug or projection, k, on the top of the bolt, as shown in Fig. 4, the lug 7; sing shown also in Fig. 7, by which it is secured to the bolt in such a manner as to eauseit to move to and fro with the bolt, but permit the bolt to be turned in 'lepcndently of the extractor,

the same as in the case of thenose-,piece, as al- 0 ready explained. At its front the body H has an offset or shoulder, m,-from which a rigid. hook, H, projects forward, as represented in Figs. 1, 6, 8, and 12, the inner face ofthis hook,

at its forward end, being beveled, as shown, 5

to cause it to ride up over the flange of the cartridge when thrust forward by the closing of the breech, there being a recess formed in the rear end of the barrel for this hook to enter, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

On the under side of the arm or hook 11, near the bod y, I make a projection, 6, (shown in Fig, 8, and by dotted lines in Fig. 12,)which, when the parts are put together, rests in a recess, c", Fig. 11, on the side of the nose-piece G,thus serving to lock-thecxtractor and nosepiece together, so that thcy cannot rotate independently of each other. The prime object of this projection 12, however, is to form a gascheck to prevent the passage of any gas backward at that point, this projection c occupying aposition transversely in line with the gasdetlectorG-. The rib on the top of bolt 0 is undercut, as shown in Fig. 4:, and the rear end,"Z, of the body H of the extractor is extended: hack a corresponding distance, as shown in Figs. 8 and 12, this extended portion being "it transversely, as shown.

etc width equal to that of the rib G of the bolt, and of such a thickness as to fit in the under-cut, so that when the bolt is turned to the right, or into the locked position, the end of the rib will rest over or upon this rearwardly cxtended portion of the extractor H, thus holding it down upon the bolt, The top of the rib O is recessed or cut out, as shown in Figs. 4,. and 6, and. has a pin, f, passed through Upon the top of the rib C, I place a very stiif spring, d, as shown in Fig. i, there being l'ornied'on the under face of this spring a lioolcsliaped lug, c, which, when the spring is forced back, engages under said pin f, thereby locking the spring securely in place.

The front end of the spring d is provided on its under side with a projection, c, which bears upon the extractor H and rest-sin front of the projection c on the extractor, as shown in Figs, 1, 2, and 1-, when the bolt is turned to the unlocked position, the projection 0 being simply to add strength at that point.

it will be observed that the extractor-hook H always rests npon the upper edge of the righthand wall of the receiver A and slides hack and forth thereon, while the spring d, at the time the bolt is thrust forward to close the breech, rests against the left-hand side or portion of the body H, and is in line with the hook ll only whenthe bolt is turned to the locked position, it being shown in the former position in Fig. l and in the latter position in Fig. 2.

it will also be observed that the width of the deflector G and the hook H combined is just sufficient to fill transversely the opening in the top of the receiver, and hence the nosepieee (l, with its gas ilcllcctor, and the extractor ii are prevented iroiu'partakingof the rotary motion of the bolt. 0, but are free to move'with the bolt to and fro in a right line. The shoulder m of the extractor also serves as a stop to limit the backward movement of the bolt by striking against the rear shoulder on the right-hand wall. of the receiver. At the rear end of the extractor-spring d a portion is cut away for about one-half the width of the spring, thus leaving a small notch or space, 1, as shown clearly in Figs. 1 and 2, for the pur-; pose of permit-ting the insertion of the point of the screw-driver, (which accompanies each gun,) and by which the spring d can be pried or forced forward until the hook or lug e is disengaged'l'rom the pin f, when the spring it-is secured to the cocking-piece D by a flanged not, b, as shown in Fig. 4-,the firingpin a being provided with a screw-thread at its rear end so that by turning the nut b the point oaths firing-pin can also be adjusted as may be desired in order to lock this not b in position after the firing-pin has been adjusted and prevent it from being accidentally turned by the jar or concussion, it has a hole bored through its ila-uge in line with a pin, 0, which projects from the rear end of the coch- Ling-piece D, so that when the firing-pin is pressed back the nut Z) can be turned until the firing-pin is adjusted, after which it is only necessary to bring the hole in the not in line with the pin c, when the pressure of the spring n will draw the nut Z) firmly agiiinst the fear end of the coclzingpiece l), causing the pin 0 to enter the hole in the flange of not b, as shown in Fig, 4-.

The niainspring it rests at its rear end against an annular shoulder formed within the bolt G by counterboring the same from the front back to that point, and at the front the spring bears against a collar, r, on the firingpin, as shown clearly in Fig. i. Another shoulder, a, formed within the bolt, at the point to which the collar o is drawn back when the gnu is at full-cock, by boring the bolt oiit from the front back to that point, as shown in Fig, i, the collar '0 being or" such a diameter as to perinit it to slide freely within this enlarged bore. in order to prevent the possibility of an accidental explosion by the protrusion ofthe point of the firing-pin when the bolt is shoved forward, I inserta pin, 6 Figs tandd, through the wall of the bolt C at a point in line with the front edge of collar h when the point of the firing-pin is drawn back even with the front end of the nose-piece G, or a little more, this pin i thus forming a stop against which the collar 11 may rest, thus holding the firing-pin back, so that its point cannot protrude beyond the face of the bolt at any time except when the bolt is in the locked position ready forfiriu io enable the collar w to pass the pin or stop 2', as is necessary when the gun is to be fired, I cut a slot or opening, '0, through the collar on one side, as shown clearly in Fig. :14. so that when the bolt is turned to the locked when desired.

' its rear-end, as shown in Figs. 4: and 13, and. 4 insert a guide-pin, through the wall of the cocking-piece I), so its inner end will rest in the groove 0, as shown in Fig. 4, thus preventing the firing-pin from turning, but leaving it free to slide forward and back. It is obvious that the relative position of this slot 0 and its guide-pin, the slot 12' in the collar 0, and the pin or stud i in the bolt must be such that when the bolt is in thelocked position, ready 20 ,for firing, the slot o must be in line with the pin or stud i, but at all other times they will be out of line, and hence the firing-pin will be held back with certainty until the bolt is shoved forward to close the breech, and it is locked fast by turning its handle so as to cause the rear end of rib G of bolt 0 to e'ngage with the. shoulder on the receiver.

The cocking-piece D (shown detached in Fig. 5) is a short tubular piece fitted against 0 the rear end of bolt 0, and is provided with an enlargement or flange at its rear end, by which it can be drawn back to cook the arm, or can be let down from the cooked position At its lower side it has an arm, D, arranged to project forward along the underside of the bolt 0, as shown in Fig. 4, this arm being provided with a half-cock notch, n, in which the sear Eengages, said sear engaging with the front end of said arm I) when at full-cock.

The bolt 0 is provided at its rear end with two longitudinal grooves, 8, connected by a transverse groove, 8, as shown in Fig. 7, in which a stud, a, on the upper face of arm D, Figs. 4 and 5, moves. When the gun is at I half-cock,the lug u rests in one of the grooves s, midway between the end of the bolt and the transverse groove .9, and thereby prevents the bolt from being turned or unlocked while the gun is at half-cock.

In order to retract the firing-pin in the act of unlocking the breech-bolt, I make an incline, t, on the arm 1') of the cocking-piece,

' near its front end, as show u in Fig.5, and on the under side of the bolt C, at a corresponding point, I locate a lug or pin, j, as shown in Fig. 7, so that when the bolt is turned to unlock-it this pin 9' will operate on the incline t,v

and thus force hack the cocking-piece l) and the firing-pin connected thereto.

At the end of the incline I form a recess or notch, y, in which the pin j engages and rests when the bolt is unlocked, as indicated by the dotted lint-1s in Fig. H, the recess being clearly shown in Fig. 5, the object of this recess being to hold the parts in position and counteract the tendency there otherwise would be for the incline, which is forced against the pin j by the pressure of the mainspring, to throw or turn the bolt back to the locked'position. 7a

of the nut b these carrbc adjusted to their,

proper positions.

In order to rembve the firing-pin and the cocking-piece froih the bolt, it is only necessary, after the bolt has been removed from the gun, to press against the front end of the firingpin and force it back far enough to disengage the flange of nut b from the pin 0 of the cock ing-piece, when the nut can be unscrewed from the firing-pin, and all are then free to be taken apart, and that without the aid of any tools whatever. Thusit will be seen that the entire breech mechanism, consisting of the bolt, its nose-piece, the extractor, firing-pin, mainspring, and cocking-piece, can be dismounted or assembled without the use of any tool, except a screwdriver, jackknife, or any similar implement to loosen the spring d, as previously explained.

Another important feature of my invention consists in certain improvements by which the magazine can be loaded through the receiver, and without detaching the magazine.

The magazine M, as is usual in this style of gun, is located direotly'under the receiver, in such a manner as to force the cartridge/sidewise up through an opening in the bottom of the receiver until the upper side ofits head is in line with the bolt, when the forward move ment of the bolt shoves it forward into the chamber of thegun. As heretofore constructed these magazines have been held in position by a spring-catch, on, as shown in Fig. 4; but with my present improvements this springcatch may be dispensed with,and'the magazine may be permanently secured to the arm b a pin, 0, as shown in Fig. 16, though either plan may be used, as preferred.

- The magazine M is made without'auy springdetent,and without any l ps along its rear upper edge, thus leaving its mouth open the full width of the cartridge; and the hole through the bottom of the receiver is in like manner made the full width of a cartridge. so that the cartridges can be shoved sidewise down through the receiver into the magazine, as

illustrated in Fig. 16.

To hold the cartridges in the magazine and preventthem from being all forced upward in a body by the spring of the magazine, I provide two spring-lips, 1, (shown detached in Fig. 18,) and apply them tothe receiver, as shown in Fig. 17, their spring-arms being secured to the outer walls of the receiver by a screw at their front ends, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 17. while the rigid lips protrude through slots culobliqucly in a horizontal line through the side walls 01' the receiver, as shown clearly in Figs. 15 and 17. These lips 1 are of such a width that their inner edges, when in their normal position, project a short distance into the space or opening within the receiver, just over the rear part of the mouth of the magazine, as shown in Figs. and 17, they being shown pressed outward by the cartridges as they pa'ss from case 0 in the former figure. These lips P, being thus located, serve not only to hold the cartridges in the magazine M, but they also serve as a floor to prevent 10,

the cartridge, which is laid in the receiver whenth'e'-'gun isto be used or charged as a single-loader, from falling through the openward, the same as with the magazines formerly used, the only difference being that in the former the lips on the sides of the magazine h eld the cart-ridges from rising above. acertaih point, wh ereas in 'thisthese spring-lips do that. g p

It will readily be seen that the magazine can be loaded or filled by inserting the cartridges one at a time into it, the inclination 'of' the lips P causing their inner edgesto'present atriu- 'clined surface to the cartridge laid uponthem,

so-that by pressing on the cartridge the lips are pressedoutward far enough to let the cartridgesthrough, when they immediately spring Y inward over the cartridge, and thus holdit in the magazine.

In order to facilitate the filling of the megazine, I provide a packing-case, O, of the proper size to contain sufficient cartridges to till the magazine, (which will form the subject of a separate application, and therefore is not full y described herein, except so far .as is necessary to show its application in connection with my improved gun.) This packingcase 0 is placedinthe opening in the top of the receiver directly over the mouth of the magazine, as shown in Figs. 15 and 16, when by pose nearly, if not quite, as well.

insertirig the thumb in the slot or opening 0 (shownin. Fig. 16) the mass/of cartridges in thecase O can be forced directly down through the receiver into the ma azine below, as illustrated in said figures. By these means the magazine can be filled at one operatic; very quickly and without detaching it from the gun, it being the intention to provide a number of these packingcases, ready filled for use,

he used when needed. It is not necessary that there shall be j two oflhese spring-lips, as I find that one can be made to answer the pur- So, too, it

- is not necessary that the lip or tips should be or 'as a single-loader, and that, too, without set inclined, as shown, as it is obvious that they may be arranged to move in a horizontal plane laterally-and operate the same, in which case theirinner edges would preferably, though not necessarily, be rounded orheveled.

' It will readily be seen that a gun thus constructed may be used either as a magazine-gun and which the soldier will carry with him to D, provided with the anychange whatever; and, also, that the mags.- zine may be charged by hand, each cartridge being inserted separately, or that by using the packing-case it can he filled by a single oper-. ation) It is obvious that the spring-lips,'instead of being connected to the gun, maybe secured to the mouth of the magazine and operatethe, e e- Having thus fully described lily-invention,

-what I claim isp n 1. Thecomliination, in agun, of' the breechbolt 0 and thedetachable non-rotating nosepiece G, provided with a tubular stem arranged to fit within the front end of the bolt,the two being connected by a bayonet-joint, whereby the nose-piece is moved to and fro with the bolt C, remains stationary when thebolt is turned to look or unlock it, and can be dis- ,con nected from the bolt without removing the latter from the gun, as herein set forth.- 2. The detachable nose-piece G, provided with the lateral projection G, arranged tnfill: the space between the edge of the extractor H and the top of the side wall ofthe receiver", whereby it serves as a gas check or deflector,

and also prevents the nose-piece from rotating with the breech-bolt, as shown and de scribed.

3. The'rigid extractor H H, in combina tion with the bolt 0 and nose-piece G, said parts being constructed and arranged for joint operation, as set forth.

ICO

4. The rigid extractor H 11, provided withthe internal transverse groove, a, in combine for locking said parts together when-the bolt is ready to be retracted.

5. The rigid extractor E H, having the pro- "tion' with the bolt 8, provided with the lug 7c,

je'ction Z at its rear end, arranged to engage in the recess 15 of the rib on the bolt G when 1 the bolt islocked ready for firing, as set'forth; 6. The rigid extractor EH, provided with the gas-deflector e, in combination with the nose-piece G, provided with the recess-e,

substantially as shown and described.

' 7. In combination with the bolt'C, provided with the rib 0, having arecess in its upper side, with the transverse pin f fitted therein, the spring 41, provided on its underside with the lug or hook e, and the rigid extractor'H H, said parts being arranged to operate subs stantially as set forth.

8. The firing-pin a, provided witha screw thread at its rear end, in combination with nut b, and the cocking-piece D, provided with the pin 0, for locking said nut in position,-v

'substantially as shown and-described.

9; The firing-pin 0', provided with the'coilar 'v, having a slot, 0 therein, in combination with the bolt 0, provided with the inwardlyprojecting lug or pin 1", and the cocking-piece guide-pin 12, said parts: being arranged to operate substantially as-and for the purpose set forth.

10. The receiver- A, having an opening through its. bottom corresponding in size .with

the cartridge to be used, in combination with receiver A, the spring-lips P at the sides of one or more spring-lips arranged to project the receiver and above the mouth of the magpartially over the mouth of gthe magazine beazine, the magazine Mfand the packing-case low, for the purpose of holding the cartridges 0, said parts being constructed and arranged 5 in proper position tobe fed forward by the to operate substantially as and for the purr 5 bolt, enable the magazineto be filled by shovpose herein set forth. 1 ing the cartridges in from above, and enable LOUIS P. DISS. the gunto be used as a single-loader when Witnesses: the magazine is empty, as set forth. THOS. RICHARDSON, lo 11. The combination, in agun, of the slotted FRED G. DY T

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