US3561497A - Loom - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3561497A
US3561497A US756903A US3561497DA US3561497A US 3561497 A US3561497 A US 3561497A US 756903 A US756903 A US 756903A US 3561497D A US3561497D A US 3561497DA US 3561497 A US3561497 A US 3561497A
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United States
Prior art keywords
sprocket
shaft
warp
thread
batten
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US756903A
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English (en)
Inventor
Omer Vandoolaeghe
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Individual
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Individual
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D49/00—Details or constructional features not specially adapted for looms of a particular type
    • D03D49/04—Control of the tension in warp or cloth
    • D03D49/06—Warp let-off mechanisms
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D49/00—Details or constructional features not specially adapted for looms of a particular type
    • D03D49/04—Control of the tension in warp or cloth
    • D03D49/20—Take-up motions; Cloth beams

Definitions

  • the loom has a constant ratio between the [50] Field of Search 139/99, 97, length of the fabric being produced and the length of the un- 100, I09, 1 10, 304, 307, 308 wound warp from the warp beam.
  • the thread-bearing roller forms some kind of lever which is swingable about a bearing point fixed to the loom frame.
  • the thread-bearing roller has in some looms a cross section with an elongated shape. This roller may then swing about an axis located in the lower part thereof.
  • the threadbearing roller is attached on either side to the upper part of two parts which are more or less elongated. These parts are swingable about a shaft that passes through the lower portion thereof and which is connected to the loom frame.
  • the mechanism that rotates the beam comprises a rod which is rotatably fixed to the loom batten.
  • This rod is connected at the other end to a pawl.
  • this pawl rotates a ratchet wheel.
  • This wheel is fixed on a shaft a portion of which forms a worm.
  • Such worm rotates a gear wheel which is fixed on the beam shaft. In this way, the swinging movement of the batten causes the beam to rotate.
  • the above-mentioned arm to which one or several weights are hung is connected by bar to the said rod.
  • This warp unwinding device with regulation of the unwinding speed by means of arms on which weights are hung, has serious drawbacks. Indeed, when the heddles open the warp to let the shuttle pass through, this warp is shortened. By means of the arm and the thread-bearing roller, the weights attached to this arm will exert a stronger pull on the warp, while the opposite should occur. The action of these weights will thus make it more difficult to open the warp by means of the heddles. The reverse occurs when the heddles close the warp. This periodical lengthening and shortening of the warp causes the regulating mechanism to operate each time. Besides, each time the reed beats the pick, the warp undergoes a small sudden movement.
  • This invention has for its object to obviate these drawbacks and to provide a warp unwinding device which is rather simple and which always give a constant ratio, dependent on the warp shortening by the weft, of the warp unwinding speed to the fabric winding speed. In that case where there is no warp shortening, this ratio is 1, while in the other cases this ratio is larger than 1. As the device does not make use of weights, the warp tension is not too high, in such a way that the heddles can open easily the warp.
  • the device comprises at least one shaft, at least one element fixed on this shaft and fast relative thereto, at least one movable element which is threaded thereon and which may move along a direction in parallel relationship with the shaft rotating axis, part of the unit formed by the shaft and the element fixed thereon being connected by a transmission to one of both parts formed by the thread-bearing roller and the cylinder the fabric partly passes around, the movable element being connected by a transmission to the other one of both parts, one of the two above-mentioned elements lying on the shaft being provided on a surface in substantially parallel relationship to the rotating axis of the shaft with at least one notch which extends along a direction at an angle to the rotating axis, while the other element has at least one element contacting at least one portion of the shaft movable element and at least one portion of the beam-rotating mechanism, this element converting a displacement of the movable element along a direction in parallel relationship with the shaft rotating axis into a displacement of that portion of the mechanism, this displacement in
  • the beam-rotating mechanism comprises a bar which is rotatingly attached to the loom batten and which is connected to a pawl which, during part of the alternating movement of the bar, may rotate a ratchet wheel fixed on a rod which is at least partly screw threaded, the threaded portion of which meshes with a gear wheel attached to the beam, while that element which engages the shaft movable element is formed by a lever which has a bearing point on a part fixed to the loom frame and which contacts by one end thereof the shaft movable element and which, by the other end thereof, straddles the bar in such a way that a displacement of the movable element, in parallel relationship with the shaft rotating axis, causes a displacement of such bar.
  • that element which engages the movable shaft has at least one part which is somewhat in the shape of a two-prong fork which surrounds partly a portion of the movable element between two projecting portions of this element, said part being rotatingly attached to the element remainder.
  • transmission which connects one part of the unit formed by the shaft and the element fixed thereon to one of the two parts formed by the thread-bearing roller and the cylinder the fabric partly passes around are metal chain drives, one portion of the movable element forming a sprocket while a sprocket is attached to the thread-bearing roller, to the cylinder the fabric partly passes around and to the unit formed by the shaft and the element fixed thereon.
  • FIG. I is a diagrammatic side view of a loom according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a detail side view of part of the loom shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of that part of the loom shown in FIG. 2, with the structure of the slot 2b omitted for the sake of clariy;
  • FIG. 4 is a section along line 4-4 of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. Si is a section along line 55 of FIG. 3.
  • the loom as shown in the drawings comprises essentially a beam 1, a mechanism for rotating said beam and a regulator which regulates the unwinding speed.
  • the beam-rotating mechanism comprises first a bar 2 which extends along a direction in parallel relationship to the sidewall of the loom.
  • Said bar 2 is comprised of two parts: one part with circular section and one part with rectangular section.
  • said bar 2 is connected to the batten 3 of the loom adjacent the pivot point 3a thereof.
  • This bar may however swing relative to this batten.
  • the left end 2a of the bar 2 passes therefor through a slot 2b provided in a part which is fixed relative to the batten, while a nut is arranged on such end.
  • the batten 3 swings about the pivot point 3a thereof.
  • the bar 2 will then perform a reciprocating motion in parallel relationship with the loom sidewall.
  • the rectangular-section portion of said bar 2 is provided with a rectangular cutout 2c which opens downwardly.
  • a bolt 4 By means of a bolt 4 the lengthwise axis of which is parallel to the axis' of the bar 2, and which passes through the free end of the rectangular-section part of said bar 2 into the rectangular cutout, one may adjust the length of said cutout.
  • the bar 2 is secured to a part 5.
  • Said part 5 is slipped over a partly threaded shaft 6.
  • Said shaft is attached in a somewhat vertical attitude to the loom frame by two bearings 6b and 6c.
  • the part 5 is rotatable about the shaft 6. As shown in FIG. 4, the part 5 is of more or less round shape with two arms 5a and 5b extending at right angles to shaft 6.
  • This arm 5a is somewhat in the shape of a rectangle with that corner 5c farthest away from the batten cut back. THe width of this arm 5a is thus reduced towards the free end thereof.
  • the bar 2 is anchored to said arm 5a, that is the end of the bar 2 bears on such arm 50.
  • That part 5b of the arm 5a against which the bar 2 bears is slightly a
  • a pawl 7 is fixed by a pivot pin 7a to arm 5b of part 5 and is biased against a ratchet wheel 8 by a spring 7b.
  • the pawl 7 drives the ratchet wheel 8 and rotates the shaft 6 by engagement with the portion 6a formed as a worm gear.
  • the wheel 8 With the shape of the teeth and the position of the pawl as shown in the FIGS. the wheel 8 will rotate whenever the bar 2 moves towards the beam.
  • the pawl will move relative to the wheel 8 without driving same.
  • the gear wheel 9 is attached to the shaft 90 which supports the beam 1 and thus rotates about the same rotating axis.
  • the thread of the worm 60 must be correctly directed to rotate the beam 1 so that the warp thread la is unwound. In the FIGS. the beam must rotate clockwise. The swinging movement of the batten 3 thus causes a discontinuous rotating motion of the shaft 6 and worm 6a and thus, through the worm gear 9, of the beam 1.
  • This mechanism for rotating the beam 1 is controlled by a regulator R according to the'invention.
  • This regulator affords a constant ratio between the linear speed of warp unwinding and the linear speed of fabric winding. Both these speeds are measured as follows: after leaving the beam, the warp passes over the thread-bearing roller 33 and partly surrounds the same. The rotating speed of this thread-bearing roller will thus be directly proportional to the warp linear speed.
  • On the one end of this thread-bearing roller is attached a sprocket 10.
  • Said sprocket 10 has a number of teeth which is equal to the number of centimeters in the roller circumference. This number has for instance a value of 36.
  • the fabric is wound about said sheave 15.
  • the fabric must pass over a roller 16 before being wound.
  • the rotating speed of this pulling cylinder 34 is thus directly proportional to the linear speed of the fabric.
  • a sprocket 17 is attached to this pulling cylinder 34.
  • Said sprocket 17 has a number of teeth equal to the number of centimeters in the circumference of the pulling cylinder, in that case where there is no warp shortening by the weft. To obtain a warp shortening, as explained below, teeth must be added to the sprocket 17. This sprocket is thus easily replaceable. For the case where there is no warp shortening, the number of teeth is for instance 42. Over this sprocket 17 passes a roller chain 18 that connects this sprocket to the regulator.
  • the regulator R is comprised of a shaft 19 each end of which passes through a hole into one arm of U-shaped bracket 20 fixed to the loom frame.
  • On the rotating shaft 19 are fixed two elements 21 and 22. These elements are fast relative to the shaft.
  • an element 23 which is movable relative to the shaft 19.
  • This element 23 is comprised of four cylindrical portions, 23a, 23b and 23c to be described hereafter.
  • Element 23 may rotate with a rotation speed different from the shaft 19 and may also move axially on the shaft between the wheels 21 and 22.
  • Element 21 is a sprocket wheel which is secured to shaft 19 by a setscrew 27 and which has for instance 13 teeth.
  • the fixed element 22 is a cylinder with a diameter larger than the sprocket forming part of element 21 and is secured to the shaft 19 by setscrew 270.
  • a part 24 of rectangular shape is fixed by bolts.
  • the lengthwise axis of this part 24 is in parallel relationship with the rotating axis of the shaft 19. This part extends with respect to the element 22 on the side of the element 21. Adjacent the free end of this part is fixed a bolt 25 with a nut 26.
  • the head of such bolt is directed towards the rotating axis of the shaft 19.
  • the fixed elements 21 and 22 are attached to the shaft 19 by screws 27.
  • the movable element 23 consists of a sprocket 23a, cylindrical portion 23b and a cam 23c.
  • the sprocket 23a is identical in diameter and number of teeth to the sprocket 21.
  • Sprocket 23a meshes with chain 11.
  • the rotating speed of the element 23 is thus directly proportional to the rotating speed of the thread-bearing roller 33.
  • Integral with sprocket 230 are two cylindrical portions 23b and 23c.
  • the center cylindrical portion 23b has a smaller diameter then the diameter of that cylindrical portion 230 which is farthest. away from the sprocket portion 23a.
  • Portion 230 has a smaller diameter than the diameter of element 22.
  • this last cylindrical portion is provided with a notch 28.
  • This notch 28 is in the shape of a groove 28 with a rectangular cross section the width of which is equal to the width of the head of the bolt 25.
  • This bolt forms a projection which comes to lie into this groove.
  • the axis of this groove which extends through the width of the cylindrical portion is at an angle to the rotating axis of the element 23.
  • the direction of the axis of said groove 28 is such that when the groove lies at the top, as it comes nearer the wheel 22, it at the same time comes nearer the thread-bearing roller 33.
  • the regulator as described above is connected to the beamrotating mechanism through a lever 29.
  • This lever 29 is rotatable about a fixed pivot 29a secured to the loom frame.
  • the rotating axis of this lever 29 is in substantially parallel relationship with the axis of the bar 2.
  • This lever is more or less vertical.
  • the the lower end thereof is fixed an element 30 that forms a two-pronged fork which grips the roundsection portion of the bar 2. Both prongs of the fork 30 thus lie in a plane at right angle to the rotating axis of the lever 29.
  • To the upper end of this lever 29 is attached to a yoke 31 which is rotatably secured by nut 32.
  • This fork 31 partly surrounds the smallerdiameter cylinder 23b of the element 23.
  • This yoke 31 thus extends in a plane parallel to the pivot axis of the lever 29.
  • Such yoke 31 may thus swing somewhat relative to this lever 29.
  • Regulator R operates as follows: the sprockets and 17 rotate in the same direction, the shaft 19 and the element 23 will also rotate in the same direction.
  • the movable element 23 will move along the shaft 19 between the elements 21 and 22.
  • the rotating speed of the element 23 is faster than that of the shaft 19, said element 23 will rotate somewhat relative to the elements 21 and 22 in the same rotating direction. That portion of the element 23 with the groove 28 will thus move relative to the bolt 25.
  • this groove 28 is a portion of a helix, this movement of the element 23 relative to the bolt 25 will cause an axial displacement of element 23 in the direction of the sprocket 21.
  • the element 23 rotates more slowly than the shaft 19, the element 22 will rotate relative to the element 23, along the rotating direction.
  • the projection 25 will push against the walls of the groove 28 and move the element 23 axially towards the element 22.
  • Each axial movement of the element 23 causes an equal movement of the yoke 31 and the lever 29, as well as to a displacement in the opposite direction of the fork and thus of the bar 2.
  • the fork 30 will move away from the loom frame.
  • the bar 2 will thus be moved outwardly on arm 5a to a point which is further away from the shaft 6.
  • the width of the arm 5a lying in the free part of the rectangular notch 20 is smaller due to the particular shape of said arm. Arm 5a will thus no more fill completely this cutout.
  • the bar may thus move somewhat along the lengthwise direction thereof without moving the arm 5a. The further the bar 2 moves away from the shaft rod 6, the smaller is that portion of the arm 5a which lies in the cutout of the bar.
  • the linear speed of the fabric passing over the pulling cylinder must be precisely the same as the speed of the warp passing over the thread-bearing roller.
  • the linear speed measured on the circumference of the pulling cylinder must thus be the same as the linear speed on the circumference of the thread bearing roller.
  • the number of teeth of the sprockets l0 and 17, respectively is equal to the number of centimeters in the circumference of the thread-bearing roller and of the pulling cylinder, respectively.
  • the links of the chains 11 and 18 are nearly the same, the teeth on the sprockets 10 and 17 are also the same.
  • the ratio between the number of teeth of both these sprockets is thus equal to the ratio between the circumferences thereof.
  • the ratio between the circumference of the sprocket 10 and the circumference of the sprocket 17 is thus equal to the ratio between the circumference of the thread-bearing roller and the circumference of the pulling cylinder.
  • the linear speed of the chain passing over the sprocket 10 must thus be equal to the linear speed of the chain 18 passing over the sprocket 17.
  • the ratio between the linear speed measured on the circumference of the sprocket l0 and the linear speed measured on the circumference of the threadbearing roller is equal to the ratio between the linear speed measured on the circumference of the sprocket 17 and the linear speed measured on the circumference of the pulling cylinder.
  • the rotating speed of such sprocket 21 must thus also be equal to the rotating speed of the sprocket 23a to obtain the same linear speeds for both chains 11 and 18. Now this is perfectly made by the regulator.
  • the linear speed of the fabric is smaller than the linear speed of the warp.
  • such cylinder will have to rotate more slowly than in that case where there is no warp shortening. If a warp shortening of 2 cm. is obtained for one revolution of the pulling cylinder, it is necessary to arrange a sprocket 17 with two more teeth. Indeed, for each complete revolution, the pulling cylinder feeds 42 cm. of fabric. In that case where there is a warp shortening, it must feed 40 cm. of fabric during the same period of time, if of course the warp speed remains the same. Instead of making a complete revolution, the pulling cylinder will make only 40/42 revolution.
  • the circumference of the sprocket 17 must be larger by a ratio of 421 40.
  • the sprocket 17 instead of having 42 teeth, the sprocket 17 should have 42 X 42140 teeth, that is to the nearest integer, 44 teeth. These last teeth must of course all be the same as the teeth used in that case where there is no warp shortening. There is thus obtained approximately 1 cm. more warp shortening to each pulling cylinder revolution by adding one additional tooth to the sprocket 17, in those cases where such warp shortening is not too large.
  • the same rotating speed is always obtained for the sprocket 21 and the sprocket 23a, thus the same linear speed for the chain 11 and the chain 18.
  • sprockets 10 and 17 one thus always obtains a constant ratio between the warp unwinding linear speed and the fabric winding linear speed.
  • This ratio may be changed by replacing the sprocket 17 by a sprocket with another circumference and thus with another number of teeth.
  • This ratio for some particular pulling cylinder and thread-bearing roller, is determined by the warp shortening. The faster the shaft 19 of the regulator rotates and the more sensitive this regulator will be. This regulator does not cause any additional tension in the warp.
  • the above-described pawl may be comprised of two, four or some other number of separate parts which form as many pawls with different lengths and which are fixed on the same pivot-pin.
  • a loom having: a warp letoff mechanism with a warp beam, a fabric takeup device with a pulling cylinder, a batten, a transmission positively driving said warp beam from said batten, and a regulator responsive to the difference between the speed of the thread being unwound from the warp beam and the speed of the pulling cylinder and acting on said transmission.
  • a loom having a warp letoff mechanism with a warp beam and a thread-bearing roller, a sprocket on the threadbearing roller, a fabric takeup'device with a pulling cylinder, a sprocket on said pulling cylinder, a batten, a transmission positively driving said warp beam from said batten, and a regulator acting on said transmission and comprising: a support, a rotating shaft in said support, a sprocket fixed on said shaft, an element with a pin fixed on said shaft, 21 second element movable along and around said shaft and provided with a notch for said pin, said notch extending along a di ecgionat an angle-t o the axis of said shaft, a sprocket on said second-element.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)
US756903A 1967-09-04 1968-09-03 Loom Expired - Lifetime US3561497A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE703433 1967-09-04

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US3561497A true US3561497A (en) 1971-02-09

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US (1) US3561497A (it)
BE (1) BE703433A (it)
DE (1) DE1785271A1 (it)
GB (1) GB1217260A (it)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2364990A1 (fr) * 1976-09-21 1978-04-14 Saurer Ag Adolph Metier a tisser

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109440363B (zh) * 2018-11-02 2024-04-12 南京源铭振跃科技有限公司 一种调节进线速度装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB189824106A (en) * 1898-11-15 1899-08-26 Johann Albert Schaufelberger Improvements in Apparatus for Automatically Regulating the Density of the Shot in Looms.
DE626901C (de) * 1934-06-23 1936-03-04 Grossenhainer Webstuhl Und Mas Kettenschaltgetriebe fuer Webstuehle
US2303297A (en) * 1941-01-29 1942-11-24 Draper Corp Take-up and let-off release mechanism
US2888955A (en) * 1956-08-28 1959-06-02 Kondo Fusakichi Positive and automatic warp let-off apparatus for power looms
US3308854A (en) * 1963-01-22 1967-03-14 Sulzer Ag Loom for weaving

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB189824106A (en) * 1898-11-15 1899-08-26 Johann Albert Schaufelberger Improvements in Apparatus for Automatically Regulating the Density of the Shot in Looms.
DE626901C (de) * 1934-06-23 1936-03-04 Grossenhainer Webstuhl Und Mas Kettenschaltgetriebe fuer Webstuehle
US2303297A (en) * 1941-01-29 1942-11-24 Draper Corp Take-up and let-off release mechanism
US2888955A (en) * 1956-08-28 1959-06-02 Kondo Fusakichi Positive and automatic warp let-off apparatus for power looms
US3308854A (en) * 1963-01-22 1967-03-14 Sulzer Ag Loom for weaving

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2364990A1 (fr) * 1976-09-21 1978-04-14 Saurer Ag Adolph Metier a tisser
US4125131A (en) * 1976-09-21 1978-11-14 Adolph Saurer Fixed driving connection between a guide roller and delivery roller of a loom

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Publication number Publication date
GB1217260A (en) 1970-12-31
BE703433A (it) 1968-02-01
DE1785271A1 (de) 1972-02-10

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