US3561208A - Amplitude stabilizer for timepiece - Google Patents

Amplitude stabilizer for timepiece Download PDF

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Publication number
US3561208A
US3561208A US753458A US3561208DA US3561208A US 3561208 A US3561208 A US 3561208A US 753458 A US753458 A US 753458A US 3561208D A US3561208D A US 3561208DA US 3561208 A US3561208 A US 3561208A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
transistor
coil
drive
diode
resistor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US753458A
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English (en)
Inventor
Siegbert Hils
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kienzle Uhrenfabriken GmbH
Original Assignee
Kienzle Uhrenfabriken GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19671673765 external-priority patent/DE1673765B2/de
Application filed by Kienzle Uhrenfabriken GmbH filed Critical Kienzle Uhrenfabriken GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3561208A publication Critical patent/US3561208A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
    • H03B5/30—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/04—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance
    • G04C3/06—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance
    • G04C3/065—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance the balance controlling gear-train by means of static switches, e.g. transistor circuits
    • G04C3/067—Driving circuits with distinct detecting and driving coils
    • G04C3/068—Driving circuits with distinct detecting and driving coils provided with automatic control

Definitions

  • the present invention overcomes essentially all of the energy waste and reduces the number of parts.
  • a timepiece mechanical oscillator wherein a permanent magnet cooperates with a drive coil energized by DC through a drive transistor, there is serially connected with the source of DC a limiting resistor.
  • a second transistor functions as the limiting, or as a variable, resistor for maintaining a substantially constant flow of current through the coil whenever the drive transistor is conductive.
  • the second transistor is biased by a potential derived from a high resistance shunted around the second transistor and coil the shunt being provided with a one-way diode to insure proper polarity to the base of the second transistor.
  • the shunt need not cover the entire drive coil.
  • FIG. 1 shows the circuitry wherein the second transistor is of the n-p-n type
  • FIG. 2 shows connection for transistor of the p-n-p type
  • FIG. 3 shows the mechanical oscillator
  • FIG. 1 assuming transistor 2 conductive and considering first the positive side of the network, the transistor 1 is modulated in known manner by a fixed control or pick-up coil 3', the coil being inductively acted upon by a permanent magnet M mounted to move with a mechanically oscillatory member S.
  • the emitter collector line of drive transistor 1 is made conductive with the result that current flows through a drive coil 4, assuming transistor 2 to be conductive.
  • the capacitor 9 serves to suppress high frequency feedback oscillation.
  • the emitter-collector line of the fine control transistor 2 at the negative side of the network serves as a variable resistor serially connecting the drive coil with the source of power indicated and assuming transistor 1 as conductive.
  • the base of transistor 2 is biased through the resistor 5, to a negative potential. In normal condition the transistor 2 is therefore completely modulated, and in its base-emitter circuit is at least part, if not all, of the drive coil 4 together with a diode 16 between the base and drive coil, but conductive counter to the base-emitter direction.
  • the normal or static working point on the characteristic curve of transistor 2 is predetermined by the resistance of the emitter-collector of transistor 1 plus, if necessary, a portion of the resistance of the coil 4, the resistance of the diode 6 in the conductive direction, and of course the biasing resistor 5.
  • the circuit can be so operative that upon an increase of the applied voltage, such as by a fresh battery, the transistor 2 becomes less biased to the conductive state.
  • the resistance emitter-collector line of the transistor 2 rises upon an increase in voltage across the coil 4 and the transistor 2 with the result that less current flows through the coil 4.
  • the various resistance values can be so chosen that under a predetermined applied voltage of, say, 1.2 volts the transistor 2 is completely modulated that is to say the input and output vary substantially linearly, while at voltages exceeding this amount the modulation becomes continuously less. For this reason the amount of drive current through the coil 4 continues to remain at the amount that 1.2 volts would cause to flow, even though a battery having a voltage, say, of 1.5 were connected to the shown terminals of the circuit.
  • This combination is so designed that upon an increase in amplitude of the oscillator above a predetermined amplitude, the voltage induced across the coil 4 by the movement of the associated permanent magnet exceeds the threshold value of the diode 6, so that the base potential of transistor 2 becomes increased in the sense shown by the arrow.
  • the definitive values are the inductive action of the coil 4 the threshold value of diode 6 and the size of the resistor 5.
  • the resistance of part 4 is to be considered for static stabilization, while for dynamic stabilization only the part 4" is to be considered for inducing voltage.
  • the diode 6 permits only such voltages of the proper 3 size to be'impressed in the base of transistor 2 that will enable proper functioning of the circuit using a transistor 2 of the p-n-p type.
  • n-p-n type transistor such as transistor 2' in FIG. 2 the polarity of the diode 6 is reversed as shown.
  • the diode 6 is preferably a silicon diode having a definite threshold voltage value.
  • a variable source of direct current is connected through a drive transistor to a drive coil for driving a permanent magnet on an oscillatory member tending to assume a null position, and wherein a pickup associated with the magnet times action of the drive transistor
  • the improvement comprising a second transistor to function as a variable resistor interposed between the drive coil and the source, a shunting line across the second transistor and at least a part of the drive coil, the shunting line serially containing a resistor and a unidirectional conductor, the base of the second transistor, the resistor and the unidirectional conductor being connected substantially directly together with one another in a common junction for varying the effective rea transistor to maintain a substantially uniform current flow through the drive coil when the drive transistor is conductive.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
US753458A 1967-08-22 1968-08-19 Amplitude stabilizer for timepiece Expired - Lifetime US3561208A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19671673765 DE1673765B2 (de) 1967-08-22 1967-08-22 Schaltung zur stabilisierung der amplitude bei einem direkt angetriebenen schwingsystem

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3561208A true US3561208A (en) 1971-02-09

Family

ID=5686570

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US753458A Expired - Lifetime US3561208A (en) 1967-08-22 1968-08-19 Amplitude stabilizer for timepiece

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3561208A (cs)
FR (1) FR1576259A (cs)
GB (1) GB1181185A (cs)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3775962A (en) * 1971-07-28 1973-12-04 Junghans Gmbh Geb Circuit arrangement for the drive of a clockwork mechanism regulator-oscillator of a timepiece

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3775962A (en) * 1971-07-28 1973-12-04 Junghans Gmbh Geb Circuit arrangement for the drive of a clockwork mechanism regulator-oscillator of a timepiece

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1181185A (en) 1970-02-11
FR1576259A (cs) 1969-07-25

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