US3561087A - Method of making piston ring - Google Patents

Method of making piston ring Download PDF

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Publication number
US3561087A
US3561087A US673340A US3561087DA US3561087A US 3561087 A US3561087 A US 3561087A US 673340 A US673340 A US 673340A US 3561087D A US3561087D A US 3561087DA US 3561087 A US3561087 A US 3561087A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
ring
periphery
piston ring
density
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US673340A
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English (en)
Inventor
Max Koehler
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of US3561087A publication Critical patent/US3561087A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/1103—Making porous workpieces or articles with particular physical characteristics
    • B22F3/1109—Inhomogenous pore distribution
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/02—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of piston rings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/06—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass piston rings from one piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
    • F16J9/12—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
    • F16J9/26—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction characterised by the use of particular materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
    • Y10S277/924—Deformation, material removal, or molding for manufacture of seal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49274—Piston ring or piston packing making
    • Y10T29/49282—Piston ring or piston packing making including grinding or honing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12229—Intermediate article [e.g., blank, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12236—Panel having nonrectangular perimeter
    • Y10T428/12243—Disk
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/21—Circular sheet or circular blank
    • Y10T428/218—Aperture containing

Definitions

  • the method of the present invention is characterized by the steps of pressing a metal powder mixture into a ring the one annular surface of which tapers from the exterior inwardly, sintering the thus produced blank and compressing the same so that it has the same height over the whole wall thickness, and subsequently recompressing the ring with a press ram of appropriate formation in such manner that the ring has a lower height on its inner periphery than on its outer periphery, grinding the thus obtained ring to a uniform intended height, and cutting and thermally stressing said ring.
  • the invention relates to a split piston ring for internal combustion engines, which is produced by pressing, sintering and recompression of a metal powder having uniform composition, especially an iron powder with additions of graphite and lead and other heavy metals up to several percent which ring has an unvaried cross-sect1on along its periphery.
  • the invention is based upon the problem of so forming a piston ring produced by powder metallurgical methods that it is possible to apply to it a tangential stress which is higher than that of the known piston rings produced in this way.
  • Another packing ring of sintered iron pertaining to the prior art possesses different density and strength at different parts of the cross-section, the parts of lower strength and higher deformability possessing a greater cross-section.
  • a packing ring is involved which by pressure application from the exterior is partially deformed and fits itself closely to the parts to be sealed.
  • the present invention concerns a stress ring in which the seal between piston and cylinder wall is insured by resilient pressure application by the inherent stress of the ring.
  • piston rings of sintered material are already known in which preferably metallic sintered substances are so distributed that accumulations or stratifications of additional substances are present at the parts which are most highly stressed mechanically and thermally.
  • metal powder of chromium, nickel or vanadium should be added to the iron powder, for example at parts of the ring which are more highly stressed, in order thus to impart specific properties to individual parts of the ring.
  • the production takes place firstly in a manner in which the powder masses pressed into a ring mold are sintered under application of pressure and elevated temperature, or due to the fact that metal powders of different compositions are scattered out by layers on a surface, then discs, strips or rings are cut from the mass and finally introduced into a pressure mold.
  • a piston ring produced by pressing, sintering and recompression has also already been so formed that the ring possesses different values of the density along its periphery, for example, in that at the part lying opposite to the gap and in the vicinity of the gap a higher density has been given to the ring.
  • Such rings have per se proved their value in practice, but it has proved necessary to increase the tangential stress to still higher values for specific utilization cases, for example, for installation of the ring in high quality engines or the like.
  • the invention is based upon this problem.
  • the tangential stress which can be imparted to a piston ring of the initially described kind can be substantially increased by the fact that the ring according to the present invention has a higher density on its internal periphery than on its external periphery, while the same density and density distribution are present on every radial cross-sectional plane.
  • the density can fall linearly or by steps from the internal to the external periphery; in a preferred form of embodiment of the invention it is provided that the density decreases from the internal periphery to about halfway of the wall thickness of the ring and then remains constant as far as the external periphery. Due to the greater compression of the inner zone a ring is obtained which is hard and elastic on its inner side while the porous character of the sintered material .is maintained on its outer peripheral zone. The porous sliding surface renders possible a good inherent lubrication, and the strong compression of the inner zone makes it possible to impart an increased tangential stress to the ring, which effects a springing open after the cutting of the ring.
  • the invention further concerns a process for the production of such a piston ring, which consists in firstly initially pressing a metal powder mixture into a ring the one annular surface of which rises from the exterior inwardly, in sintering the blank thus produced and so compressing it that it has the same height over the entire wall thickness, and in recompressing the ring then with an appropriately formed press ram in such manner that it has a smaller height on its inner periphery than on its outer 3 periphery, whereupon it is ground to the same intended height, cut, and thermally stressed in known manner.
  • a split piston ring produced according to the above process can have, according to the invention, a density on its inner periphery of 7.5 g./sq. cm., which drops to 6.3 g./sq. cm. at the outer periphery.
  • FIGS. 1a to 1d of the drawing The individual production stages of the ring are illustrated in FIGS. 1a to 1d of the drawing.
  • a ring with the final diameter is pre-pressed in a press mold the bottom ram of which is so formed that the lower annular surface 1 of the blank flares from the inner periphery 3 to the outer periphery 2 at an angle oz. of 15 (FIG. 1a).
  • the ring receives the shape illustrated in FIG. 1b, in which it has the same height over the whole radial cross-section.
  • the recompression is carried out with a mold the bottom ram of which is bevelled ofi rising from the interior at an angle of 15 in such manner that the recompressed ring becomes thicker approximately from the middle of its wall thickness to its outer periphery 2.
  • the angle ⁇ 3 which the inclined section 4 of the lower annular surface 1 forms with the plane lying perpendicular to the ring axis should again amount to about 15 (see FIG. 1c). Due to the second recompression the density of the inner zone of the ring has been increased in relation to the zone at its outer periphery. The ring is then ground to its intended height h (FIG. 1d), cut with a milling cutter of the thickness of the intended gap and then thermally stressed. After this treatment, the ring is ready for installation.
  • EXAMPLE 18 g. of a powder mixture of 1.2% graphite, 3.0% lead, 3.0% nickel and 92.8% iron powder were pressed with a pressure of 35 tons into a ring having the following dimensions:
  • the height at the internal periphery of the ring amounted to 2.1 mm. with a density of 7.5 g./sq.cm., which decreased to 6.3 g./sq.cm. to the outer periphery 2.
  • the ring was then ground to an intended height of 2.0 mm. cut with a milling cutter 0.3 mm. in thickness, and thermally stressed in known manner.
  • a process of producing a piston ring including at lease one annular surface on material mixture of pressed and sintered metal powder which includes the steps of pressing a metal powder mixture into a blank of the ring of which inner and outer peripheries have the one annular surface therebetween so that the ring has greater thickness and height at the inner periphery than at the outer periphery and so that the ring tapers progressively from one periphery to the other periphery, sintering the thus prouced blank and compressing the same so that it has the same height over the whole wall thickness, and subsequently recompressing the ring with a press ram of appropriate formation in such a manner that the ring has a lower height on its inner periphery than on its outer periphery, grinding the thus obtained ring to a uniform intended height, and cutting and thermally stressing said ring.
  • a process according to claim 3 in which the pressing and recompressing is so eifected that the angle which the inclined annular surfaces possess after initial pressing and recompressing in relation to the plane extending perpendicular of the ring axis amounts to 15 5.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
US673340A 1966-10-10 1967-10-06 Method of making piston ring Expired - Lifetime US3561087A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEK0060420 1966-10-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3561087A true US3561087A (en) 1971-02-09

Family

ID=7229602

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US673340A Expired - Lifetime US3561087A (en) 1966-10-10 1967-10-06 Method of making piston ring

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3561087A (de)
AT (1) AT287404B (de)
BE (1) BE703425A (de)
CH (1) CH463893A (de)
GB (1) GB1148558A (de)
LU (1) LU54198A1 (de)
SE (1) SE328449B (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3661402A (en) * 1969-08-15 1972-05-09 Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd Piston ring
US3811166A (en) * 1971-11-03 1974-05-21 V Rakovsky Method of making split metal packing rings
US3832763A (en) * 1972-04-22 1974-09-03 Bluecher Wahlstatt Leichtmet Method of drop-forging sintered workpieces
US3867751A (en) * 1972-10-05 1975-02-25 Formflo Ltd Sintered blanks
US3926166A (en) * 1970-10-01 1975-12-16 Int Harvester Co Ring manufacture, productive of line contact seal
US3980310A (en) * 1971-11-05 1976-09-14 International Harvester Company Ring manufacture, productive of face contact seal
US4100664A (en) * 1975-01-17 1978-07-18 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Apex seal for rotary engines
US4184242A (en) * 1978-03-02 1980-01-22 Petrie John A Beveled retaining ring and method for constructing the same
US4655983A (en) * 1984-08-13 1987-04-07 Ae Plc Piston rings and their manufacture
US6062569A (en) * 1997-12-12 2000-05-16 Northrop Grumman Corporation Fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite piston ring
US20050242528A1 (en) * 2004-04-30 2005-11-03 Nikonchuk Vincent A Seal assembly with dual density powder metal seat member
US20060048865A1 (en) * 2002-07-01 2006-03-09 Etsuo Fujita Material for sliding parts having self lubricity and wire material for piston ring
US20100117305A1 (en) * 2007-06-13 2010-05-13 Tino Gallas Piston ring for the piston of an internal combustion engine

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3029420C2 (de) * 1980-08-02 1982-05-19 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8900 Augsburg Kolbenringe für Brennkraftmaschinen
EP0097027A3 (en) * 1982-06-16 1985-11-27 Ipm Corporation Densification of selected areas of powder metal parts
GB9612215D0 (en) * 1996-06-11 1996-08-14 British Nuclear Fuels Plc Manufacture of articles

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3661402A (en) * 1969-08-15 1972-05-09 Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd Piston ring
US3926166A (en) * 1970-10-01 1975-12-16 Int Harvester Co Ring manufacture, productive of line contact seal
US3811166A (en) * 1971-11-03 1974-05-21 V Rakovsky Method of making split metal packing rings
US3980310A (en) * 1971-11-05 1976-09-14 International Harvester Company Ring manufacture, productive of face contact seal
US3832763A (en) * 1972-04-22 1974-09-03 Bluecher Wahlstatt Leichtmet Method of drop-forging sintered workpieces
US3867751A (en) * 1972-10-05 1975-02-25 Formflo Ltd Sintered blanks
US4100664A (en) * 1975-01-17 1978-07-18 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Apex seal for rotary engines
US4184242A (en) * 1978-03-02 1980-01-22 Petrie John A Beveled retaining ring and method for constructing the same
US4655983A (en) * 1984-08-13 1987-04-07 Ae Plc Piston rings and their manufacture
US6062569A (en) * 1997-12-12 2000-05-16 Northrop Grumman Corporation Fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite piston ring
US20060048865A1 (en) * 2002-07-01 2006-03-09 Etsuo Fujita Material for sliding parts having self lubricity and wire material for piston ring
US20050242528A1 (en) * 2004-04-30 2005-11-03 Nikonchuk Vincent A Seal assembly with dual density powder metal seat member
US20100117305A1 (en) * 2007-06-13 2010-05-13 Tino Gallas Piston ring for the piston of an internal combustion engine
US7997584B2 (en) * 2007-06-13 2011-08-16 Mahle International Gmbh Piston ring for the piston of an internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT287404B (de) 1971-01-25
BE703425A (de) 1968-02-01
GB1148558A (en) 1969-04-16
LU54198A1 (de) 1967-09-28
CH463893A (de) 1968-10-15
SE328449B (de) 1970-09-14

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