US3561046A - Lubricated discharge orifice for restraining plastic flow - Google Patents
Lubricated discharge orifice for restraining plastic flow Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3561046A US3561046A US710496A US3561046DA US3561046A US 3561046 A US3561046 A US 3561046A US 710496 A US710496 A US 710496A US 3561046D A US3561046D A US 3561046DA US 3561046 A US3561046 A US 3561046A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- orifice
- discharge orifice
- mixer
- pressure
- walls
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/582—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for discharging, e.g. doors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
- B29B7/42—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
- B29B7/428—Parts or accessories, e.g. casings, feeding or discharging means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
- B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
- B29B7/488—Parts, e.g. casings, sealings; Accessories, e.g. flow controlling or throttling devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/94—Lubricating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
Definitions
- This invention relates to a continuous internal mixer of the kind disclosed by the E. H. Ahlefeld, Jr., et al. Pat. No. 3,154,808, dated Nov. 3, 1964, but its principles may be applied to any machine which discharges a stiff gel or a plastic material through a discharge orifice providing a back-pressure on material in the machine.
- this patented mixer comprises a barrel forming two laterally interconnecting substantially cylindrical and mutually parallel chambers having at one end a common discharge orifice. Bladed rotors are located in these chambers and means are provided for receiving the material to be mixed and stuffing it under pressure into the chambers at a location spaced from the discharge orifice.
- Each of the rotors has a blade with a cross-section which is substantially like that of a Banbury-type blade and having a portion that twists away from its direction of rotation and a portion that twists in the opposite direction, the length and twist ratio between these oppositely twisting portions of the blade being such that when the chambers contain the material being mixed the average of the axially directed forces applied to the material by the blades of the rotors is insufficient to force the material through the orifice.
- the discharge orifice opens transversely from the chambers in overlapped relation with respect to the rotors blades adjacent thereto.
- the rotors rotate in opposite directions such that these blade portions move towards the orifice and stuff the mixed material through the latter which is located centrally. across the junctions of the chambers.
- the orifice has a width that is substantially greater than its depth so that the effective length of the active mixing zone of the mixer is as long as possible for any given over-all length.
- the orifice is provided with walls of substantial length relative to the orifices cross-sectional area and which extend transversely from the rotors to form what is substantially a rectangular tube long enough to cause substantially increased resistance to the material discharging through the orifice.
- the passage of the material through the orifice is restrained frictionally because the material must be forced out while in contact with these walls.
- this frictional restraint of the discharging material puts the material being mixed by the rotors under pressure as new material is continuously fed to the means which stuffs the material under pressure into the chambers at the location spaced from the discharge orifice.
- Control of this pressure is eected by making one of the orifice walls movable so that its spacing from the opposite orifice wall may be varied to thereby vary the discharge restraint on the material; that is to say, the choking effect on the discharged material can be varied.
- the object of the present invention is to apply a more uniform or constant frictional restraint or back-pressure on the material discharged through the orifice of the described mixer or other machine.
- the present invention comprises a layer on the walls of the discharge orifice of the described mixer of an anti-friction material.
- This material should be something that is firmly fixed on the orifices Walls and can resist the relatively heavy shear to which it is subjected by its contact with the discharging material.
- the material comprising the anti-friction layer should be such that under the heavy pressure applied to it by the discharging material, usually under elevated temperatures, its surface in contact with this material tends to ow at least slightly as required for lubricating action.
- the lubricating layer on the discharge orifices walls causes the necessary frictional resistance of the discharging material to prevail but while being relatively free from roughness or what might be described as being an undesirable action somewhat like the chattering action that occurs between unlubricated relatively sliding metal surfaces, such as isfamiliar to those skilled in the bearing art.
- a material that may be used for the lubricating layer is the uorinated ethylene-propylene resin sold under the well-known trademark Teflon by E. I. du Pont de Nemours Co. This may be sprayed on the orifices walls or sheets of the material may be applied by a suitable adhesive. Preferably, a thin layer is sprayed on thewalls and allowed to set after which a second layer is sprayed and so on until the lubricating layer on the walls is adequately thick. The thickness required depends on the service life desired. When sheets of this material are used and are of adequate thickness possibly reinforced by ber glass, they may be mechanically applied to the orifices walls as by means of dove-tailed joining or the like.
- Another lubricating layer that may be applied to the orifices walls is aluminum having a hard anodized surface with which the discharging mixed material contacts.
- a surface is non-metallic, resists shear to a high degree and yet has the characteristic of at least slight surface flow Iwhen subjected to the pressures encountered when restraining or choking the iiow of material discharging through the mixers orifice.
- FIG. 1 is a vertical longitudinal cross-section of the discharge end of the described kind of machine, this section showing only the far cylindrical chamber of the barrel and its rotor but it being understood that the unillustrated cylindrical chamber and rotor are substantially the same as those illustrated; and
- FIG. 2 which is a perspective view showing details of the discharge orifice assembly.
- FIG. 1 is substantially the same as FIG. 4 of the drawings of the previously identified Ahlefeld, Ir., et al. patent
- FIG. 2 is substantially the same as FIG. 7 of the drawings of that patent.
- the two figures are sufficient to show the barrel 1 which forms the two laterally interconnecting substantially cylindrical and mutually parallel chambers of which only the one far chamber 2 is shown.
- the common discharge orifice is shown at 3 it comprising the assembly shown by FIG. 2 and which is located in an opening 4 formed in the back or discharge end of the barrel 1, where the assembly is retained by a set screw 5.
- Each of the barrels contains a bladed rotor of which only the far one 6 is shown by the cross-section of FIG. 1.
- Each rotor has a blade 7 of the previously described cross-section with the previously described portions.
- a machine which discharges a stiff gel or plastic material and having a discharge orifice therefore formed by a plurality of walls of substantial length relative to the orifices cross-sectional area and over which the material flows while in pressure contact therewith to be thereby frictionally restrained to exert a back pressure 0n the material, at least one wall thereof providing a tapered entry into said discharge orifice and another wall thereof being pivotable to allow changing said orifice opening; wherein the improvement comprises a layer of lubricating material fixed to each of said Iwalls along the entire interior lengths thereof including said tapered entry wall and said pivotable wall and which layer is resistant to the shear applied by the discharging material while having the property of at least slight surface flow under the pressure of the discharging material to provide a lubricating effect smoothing the friction restraint of the material,
- said lubricating material consisting essentially of a plurality of thin sheets of fluorinated ethylene-propylene resin including therein a quantity of reinforcing fiber glass, said sheets being applied to said orifice walls by means of dove-tailed joints.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US71049668A | 1968-03-05 | 1968-03-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3561046A true US3561046A (en) | 1971-02-09 |
Family
ID=24854276
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US710496A Expired - Lifetime US3561046A (en) | 1968-03-05 | 1968-03-05 | Lubricated discharge orifice for restraining plastic flow |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3561046A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1910801A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1219385A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4542992A (en) * | 1984-10-17 | 1985-09-24 | Usm Corporation | Continuous mixer |
US20080080300A1 (en) * | 2004-09-28 | 2008-04-03 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Mixing Kneader and Process for Preparing Poly(Meth)Acrylates Using the Mixing Kneader |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2923219C2 (en) * | 1979-06-08 | 1984-08-23 | Hermann Berstorff Maschinenbau Gmbh, 3000 Hannover | Continuously working kneading and mixing device for plastic masses |
-
1968
- 1968-03-05 US US710496A patent/US3561046A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1969
- 1969-02-12 GB GB7644/69A patent/GB1219385A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-03-04 DE DE19691910801 patent/DE1910801A1/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4542992A (en) * | 1984-10-17 | 1985-09-24 | Usm Corporation | Continuous mixer |
US20080080300A1 (en) * | 2004-09-28 | 2008-04-03 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Mixing Kneader and Process for Preparing Poly(Meth)Acrylates Using the Mixing Kneader |
US8070351B2 (en) * | 2004-09-28 | 2011-12-06 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Mixing kneader and process for preparing poly(meth)acrylates using the mixing kneader |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1910801A1 (en) | 1969-12-11 |
GB1219385A (en) | 1971-01-13 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FARREL CORPORATION, 25 MAIN STREET, ANSONIA, CONNE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:USM CORPORATION A CORP. OF NJ;REEL/FRAME:004570/0176 Effective date: 19860512 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FOOTHILL CAPITAL CORPORATION, A CORP. OF CA, CALIF Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:FARREL CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004588/0706 Effective date: 19860506 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FARREL CORPORATION, CONNECTICUT Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:FOOTHILL CAPITAL CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004998/0926 Effective date: 19881004 Owner name: FARREL CORPORATION, 25 MAIN ST., ANSONIA, CT 06401 Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:FOOTHILL CAPITAL CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004998/0926 Effective date: 19881004 |