US3557701A - Hand-grenade fuze - Google Patents

Hand-grenade fuze Download PDF

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Publication number
US3557701A
US3557701A US797033A US79703369A US3557701A US 3557701 A US3557701 A US 3557701A US 797033 A US797033 A US 797033A US 79703369 A US79703369 A US 79703369A US 3557701 A US3557701 A US 3557701A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
blocking
striker
pin
body member
sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US797033A
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English (en)
Inventor
Claes G Arnell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Foersvarets Fabriksverk
Original Assignee
Foersvarets Fabriksverk
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Foersvarets Fabriksverk filed Critical Foersvarets Fabriksverk
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Publication of US3557701A publication Critical patent/US3557701A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
    • F42C1/02—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze
    • F42C1/04—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze operating by inertia of members on impact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
    • F42C1/02—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze
    • F42C1/08—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze with delayed action after ignition of fuze or after impact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C14/00—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
    • F42C14/02—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for hand grenades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C14/00—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
    • F42C14/08—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for land mines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/24—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/10—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition the timing being caused by combustion
    • F42C9/12—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition the timing being caused by combustion with ring combustion elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes

Definitions

  • a hand grenade, land mine or the like of the type which comprises a striker, provided with an ignition pin, partly enclosed by a sleeve in the bottom of which a primer, such as an ignition cap, is located, the parts are supported by two conical end walls in a fuze body member and locked by a number of balls or other similar members.
  • the missile may be provided with a delay mechanism, such as a delay charge located in an end part of the missle, the end part is rotatable relative to the rest of the missile in order to adjust the delay time.
  • the present invention relates to a hand grenade, a land mine or the like, of the type whichcomprises a striker, provided with an ignition pin, partly enclosed by a sleeve in the bottom of which a primer, such as an ignition cap, is located, said parts being supported by two conical end walls in a fuze body member and locked by a number of balls or other, similar members.
  • the missile may be provided with a delay mechanism, such as a delay charge located in an end part of the missile, said end part being rotatable relative to the rest of the missile in order to adjust the delay time.
  • missiles of the above type should be adaptable to perform a number of different functions, so that one type of missile can be used for different purposes.
  • the delay chargefor obtaining the delay comprises a combustion path with some pyrotechnical material, such as gunpowder. By the adjustment for different delay times, the delay path is shortened or lengthened.
  • a general problem in connection with missiles of such universal use is to provide a satisfactory safety device which is not too complicated.
  • the striker is locked for movement in said sleeve by a number of balls. or other, similar locking means between the sleeve and the striker, said locking means being movable from an active, locking positiomwhere they keep said striker and said sleeve against relative movement, to an inactive position, in which such movement is allowed, there being a blocking pin extending longitudinally of said striker and sleeve, said blocking pin engaging said locking means and keeping them in their active position, and a spring tending to withdraw said blocking pin out of engagement with said locking means.
  • a blocking body member mounted in a chamber in an enlarged, outer part of said pin, said blocking body member being retained in an active, blocking position by a permanent magnet and preventing said withdrawal of said pin by engaging an inner wall surface of said fuze body member through intermediate blocking balls, and being movable to an inactive position by the centrifugal force or acceleration force, caused by a throw movement of the grenade, where it is caught and retained by a second permanent magnet, and where said, blocking pin is free to be withdrawn by said spring.
  • said blocking body member is a steel ball movable axially in an axial cylindrical chamber in an enlarged end of said pin, said chamber having end walls in which'said permanent magnets are mounted, said intermediate blocking balls being movable in radial bores of the mantle wall of said chamber and engaging an annular shoulder portion forming one end wall of an annular groove in the inner wall surface of said fuze body member, said groove having also a middle shoulder portion dividing the groove in a deeper part and ashallower part, said shallow part registering with said intermediate blocking balls when said pin is in its safety position, where the operation of said striker is prevented, and where said intermediate blocking balls prevent said blocking body member to be released from its inactive position, and said intermediate blocking balls registering with said deeper part when said pin is manually pressed further inwards into said striker, to a temporary position, in which said intermediate blocking balls are free to move radially outwards, out of the path of movement of said blocking body member, said member being then free to move to its in
  • a grenade provided with a safety device according to the ini vention can easily be adapted for many different functions. Still, the safety devicei is very effective and prevents unintended explosion in all kinds of operation. Further, the grenade is easy to adjust for said different functions. It is also simple and reliable and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a longitudinal section of the grenade in safety condition and with a safety catch pin inserted.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a similar longitudinal section of the grenade in a condition where the striker is unlocked and the I safety catch pin is pulled out.
  • FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of the grenade, some of the parts illustrated being shown partly in section.
  • the outer envelope of the grenade comprises an egg-shaped shell 1.
  • a circular block 3 To the bottom part of 'said shell there is rotatably mounted a circular block 3.
  • a part 2 formed as a conical collar.
  • the collar 2 surrounds partly the block 3 which serves as a timing device and which has a semicircular channel 22 for a delay combustion charge.
  • a disc 4 serving as a holder for two combustible charges 20 and 20a.
  • a bodymember 5 for a fuze.
  • Said body member has in its upper part a big axial bore in which a safety catch member 7 serving as a throw safety catch is slidable.
  • the safety catch member 7 is provided with a chamber 8,, in the upper end, in the end walls of which two permanent magnets 10 and 10a are inserted.
  • a blocking body member in the formof a ball 9 which has a slightly less diameter than the circular chamber 8.
  • Balls 11 serving as intermediate blocking means, are inserted in said bores 80.
  • Outside said bores 8a there is an annular groove 12 in the inner wall of the, fuze body member 5.
  • the safety catch member 7 is influenced]; by a helical spring 18 which tends to press the member 7 out-E wards.
  • a pin 28 is inserted in bores la in the shell 1 and 7a in the member 7 so as to keep the member 7 locked in place in a safety position (FIG. 1).
  • the fuze body member 5 has also a lower chamber 6 with conical end walls 60 and 6b. Between said conical surfaces there is a striker 15 inserted, which is partly enclosed in an outer sleeve 16.
  • the striker 15 is at its bottom end provided with an ignition pin 15a and at its top end with a semispherical mushroom head 15b.
  • a deep groove 15c which is excentrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the striker l5 and which at one side (to the left in the drawing) opens into an axial, central bore 19 provided in the striker 15.
  • a locking spring 13 consisting of a helical steel strip or the like.
  • Below said groove 15c there is a pair of radially directed through holes lsLwhich extend into the axial bore 19 and in which locking members, such as balls 14, are inserted and displaceable in a radial direction.
  • annular groove 16a registering with said locking members 14.
  • a primer or ignition cap 21 In the bottom part of the outer sleeve 16 there is a primer or ignition cap 21.
  • the outer surface 16b of the bottom part of the outer sleeve 16 is, as shown, semispherical, corresponding to the shape of the mushroom head 15b.
  • the ignition cap 21 communicates with the semicircular delay combustion composition 22a through openings 6c and 4a in the conical surface 6b and the disc 4, respectively, in which rapid combustion charges 20a and 20b, respectively, are located, and a radial groove 33 with a combustion charge 220.
  • a threaded, central bore in the bottom block 3 there is a hollow, axially directed screw 23.
  • said screw In its outer end, said screw is provided with a number of radially directed bores 23a, the openings of which are covered by an elastic packing ring 24.
  • Said ring 24 acts as a valve for the gunpowder gases from the charges 21, 20a, 20b, and 22a and prevents a too rapid combustion of the delay composition 22a.
  • the delay composition 22a communicates over a rapid combustion charge 20 and a detonator 25 with the explosive charge 26.
  • a radially directed channel 27 in the bottom block 3 there is a number of balls 27a which are pressed outwardly against an annular groove 2a of the conical collar 2 by means of the conical end 23a of the screw 23, in order to avoid looseness and provide a suitable amount of friction between the collar 2 and the block 3.
  • the parts 3 and 2 are kept in the correct angular position in relation to each other by means of a ball 3a which is displaceably kept in a bore 3b in the block 3 and under the action of a helical spring 30 is pressed into a recess 3Lat the inner surface of the collar 2.
  • the angular end positions of the block 3 in the collar 2 are defined by a stopping pin (not shown) in one of said parts which is received in a groove in the other part.
  • the grenade is sealed for moisture by means of a number of packing rings such as the packing rings 2b between the parts 1 and 2 and the packing ring 3e between the parts 2 and 3.
  • packing rings such as the packing rings 2b between the parts 1 and 2 and the packing ring 3e between the parts 2 and 3.
  • packing rings there are also other packing rings between the parts 1 and 5 and between 5 and 7 but for the sake of simplicity those packing rings are not shown in the drawings.
  • the block 3 is first rotated to the angular position relative to the collar 2 which corresponds to the wanted manner of operation.
  • the positionsto which said block can be turned are:
  • the blocking balls 11 will now fall inwards into the space where the ball 3 has been, and they will now be retained in that position either by the magnetical force of the bottom permanent magnet 10 or by the magnetical force from the ball 9, which is magnetized by the upper permanent magnet 100.
  • This condition is illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the safety body member 7 When the grenade is thrown away and, consequently, the safety body member 7 is released from the finger pressure of the operator, said body member 7 will be pressed outwards by the spring 18, whereby the rod 17 will be totally moved out of the bore in the striker 15.
  • the safety member 7 is perhaps thrown out from the grenade entirely, in which case it falls to the ground.
  • EXPLOSION UPON lMPACT Turn block 3 to position In this position the charge 20 is in alignment with the outer end of the radial channel 33. Press the safety member 7 down and throw away. The striker is operated upon impact and the explosion occurs immediately.
  • FLIGHT DETONATION DELAYED DETONATION UPON IMPACT Adjust block 3 to delay position (T l 4 seconds). Press down the safety member 7 and throw away. The safety member 7 is then pressed out partly or entirely by the spring 18. The striker is operated upon impact, and the explosion occurs after 1 4 seconds according to the position to which the block 3 has been turned.
  • AMIBUSH MINE Adjust block 3 to position S. Press down the safety member 7. Make a throw movement. Remove the safety member totally. Then turn the block 3 to a new position (Delay position, T l 4 seconds). Put the mine carefully where the ambush should be laid. The striker will be operated by a violent movement or impact, and the explosion follows after 1 4 seconds according to the adjustment of the block 3.
  • TREAD MINE Turn block 3 to position S. Push down the safety member. Make a throw movement. Pull out the safety member about 15 mm. Turn the block 3 to delay position (T l 4 seconds).
  • the striker will be operated when the safety member is treaded on and pressed further into the grenade.
  • the spring 13 will move into the opening 19 below the bottom end of the rod 17.
  • the bottom end of the rod 17 is 1 pressed against the spring 13 and the striker 15 with the ignition pin 15a will be pressed to engagement with the ignition cap 21).
  • the explosion occurs after 1 4 seconds after that the safety member is treaded on, according to the angular position of the block 3.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment described. Thus, it is possible to make modifications, for example by locating the permanent magnets otherwise or by making the delay device and the direction of movement of the safety member 7 otherwise than described.
  • a conventional rubbing ignitor can also be used instead of the ignition pin 15a.
  • a hand grenade or similar missile an outer shell (1), an explosive charge (26) inside said shell and a fuze for igniting said charge, said fuze comprising a hollow fuze body member (5), a chamber (6) inside said body member having conical end surfaces (6a,6b), a sleeve (16) located within said chamber and engaging one (6b) of said conical end surfaces, a striker (15) located in said chamber in a telescopic relationship inside said sleeve (16) and engaging the other (6a) of said conical end surfaces (611,60), an ignition cap (21) mounted in said sleeve (16), an ignition pin (15a) mounted on said striker (15) in alignment with said ignition cap (21), locking means (14) between said sleeve (16) and said striker (15), said locking means (14) movable from an active, lockin position,
  • a blocking pin (17) extending longitudinally of said striker l5) and sleeve (16), said blocking pin engaging said locking means (14) and keeping them in their active position, and a spring (18) tending to withdraw said blocking pin (17) out of engagement with said locking means 14), wherein a blocking body member (9) is mounted in a chamber (8) in an enlarged, outer part (7) of said blocking pin (17 said blocking body member (9) being retained in an active, blocking position by a permanent magnet (10) where it prevents said withdrawal of said blocking pin 17) by engaging an inner wall surface (12d) of said fuze body member (5) through intermediate blocking balls (11), and being movable to an inactive position by the centrifugal force or acceleration force, caused by a throw movement of the grenade, where it is caught and retained by a second permanent magnet (10a) and where said blocking pin (17) is free to be withdrawn by said spring (18).
  • said blocking body member is a steel ball (9) movably axially in an axial cylindrical chamber (8) in an enlarged end (7 of said blocking pin (17), said chamber having end walls in which said permanent magnets (10,100) are mounted, said intermediate blocking balls (11) being movable in radial bores (8a) of the mantle wall of said chamber (8) and engaging an annular shoulder portion (120) forming one end wall of an annular groove (12) in the inner wall surface of said fuze body member (5), said groove having also a middle shoulder portion (12b) dividing the groove in a deeper part (12c) and a shallower part (12d), said shallow part (12d) registering with said intermediate blocking balls l1 when said blocking pin is in its safety position, where the operation of said striker 15) is prevented, and where said intermediate blocking balls (11) prevent said blocking body member (9) to be released from its inactive position, and said intermediate blocking balls (11) registering with said deeper part (12c) when said blocking pin (17) is manually

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
US797033A 1969-02-05 1969-02-06 Hand-grenade fuze Expired - Lifetime US3557701A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH178969A CH478398A (de) 1969-02-05 1969-02-05 Handgranate

Publications (1)

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US3557701A true US3557701A (en) 1971-01-26

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Family Applications (1)

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US797033A Expired - Lifetime US3557701A (en) 1969-02-05 1969-02-06 Hand-grenade fuze

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3557701A (fr)
CH (1) CH478398A (fr)
DE (1) DE1905953A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2021274A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1218884A (fr)
NL (1) NL6901794A (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3705551A (en) * 1970-10-02 1972-12-12 Us Army Push button munition
US3814018A (en) * 1970-04-22 1974-06-04 France Etat Safety device for percussion fuse
US4509427A (en) * 1983-03-14 1985-04-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Tail fin firing device
US5635667A (en) * 1994-06-16 1997-06-03 Etat Francais, Represente Par Le Delegegue General Pour L'armament Fuse plug pyrotechnic firing device
US20100163222A1 (en) * 2007-04-17 2010-07-01 Viggo Brandsdal Device for a test plug
US20110297029A1 (en) * 2010-06-06 2011-12-08 Omnitek Partners Llc Inertial igniters with safety pin for initiation with low setback acceleration
US20140076185A1 (en) * 2012-09-16 2014-03-20 Jahangir S. Rastegar Compact and Low-Volume Mechanical Igniter and Ignition Systems with Safing Arm and Arming Pin for Thermal Batteries and the Like
WO2016203200A1 (fr) * 2015-06-16 2016-12-22 Concept Tactical Limited Mécanisme de tir pour grenade, grenade et procédé de fonctionnement de grenade
WO2018134648A1 (fr) * 2017-01-23 2018-07-26 Stoddart Robin Arme simulée réutilisable et mécanisme de déclenchement
CN108332622A (zh) * 2018-01-19 2018-07-27 林文胜 一种全方位撞击开启的投掷弹
CN114279279A (zh) * 2021-12-07 2022-04-05 南京理工大学 一种弹道安全性好的中大口径线膛火炮榴弹触发引信系统
US11378371B2 (en) * 2018-06-21 2022-07-05 Chosen Realities, LLC Projectable device for use with mixed reality system

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2539225B1 (fr) * 1983-01-11 1987-07-17 Mecanique Precision Aeronautiq Tete de fusee perfectionnee a percussion, notamment pour roquette, a armement temporise
GB2266135B (en) * 1992-04-14 1995-03-22 Richard John Macgregor Mosse Hand-thrown munition fuze
CN114739243B (zh) * 2022-03-28 2023-08-18 南京理工大学 引信磁球抱芯后坐保险机构

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1311740A (en) * 1919-07-29 asbury
US2748706A (en) * 1951-10-31 1956-06-05 Arthur P Field Mechanical fuse for grenades
US2763212A (en) * 1950-01-24 1956-09-18 James F Mccaslin Selective time-impact fuze for hand grenades
US2984185A (en) * 1959-02-06 1961-05-16 Jr Oliver J Vogel Fire bomb fuze

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1311740A (en) * 1919-07-29 asbury
US2763212A (en) * 1950-01-24 1956-09-18 James F Mccaslin Selective time-impact fuze for hand grenades
US2748706A (en) * 1951-10-31 1956-06-05 Arthur P Field Mechanical fuse for grenades
US2984185A (en) * 1959-02-06 1961-05-16 Jr Oliver J Vogel Fire bomb fuze

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3814018A (en) * 1970-04-22 1974-06-04 France Etat Safety device for percussion fuse
US3705551A (en) * 1970-10-02 1972-12-12 Us Army Push button munition
US4509427A (en) * 1983-03-14 1985-04-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Tail fin firing device
US5635667A (en) * 1994-06-16 1997-06-03 Etat Francais, Represente Par Le Delegegue General Pour L'armament Fuse plug pyrotechnic firing device
US20100163222A1 (en) * 2007-04-17 2010-07-01 Viggo Brandsdal Device for a test plug
US8397813B2 (en) * 2007-04-17 2013-03-19 Tco As Device for a test plug
US20110297029A1 (en) * 2010-06-06 2011-12-08 Omnitek Partners Llc Inertial igniters with safety pin for initiation with low setback acceleration
US9435623B2 (en) * 2012-09-16 2016-09-06 Omnitek Partners Llc Compact and low-volume mechanical igniter and ignition systems with safing arm and arming pin for thermal batteries and the like
US20140076185A1 (en) * 2012-09-16 2014-03-20 Jahangir S. Rastegar Compact and Low-Volume Mechanical Igniter and Ignition Systems with Safing Arm and Arming Pin for Thermal Batteries and the Like
WO2016203200A1 (fr) * 2015-06-16 2016-12-22 Concept Tactical Limited Mécanisme de tir pour grenade, grenade et procédé de fonctionnement de grenade
WO2018134648A1 (fr) * 2017-01-23 2018-07-26 Stoddart Robin Arme simulée réutilisable et mécanisme de déclenchement
US11287231B2 (en) * 2017-01-23 2022-03-29 Airsoft Innovations Inc. Reusable simulated weapon and triggering mechanism
CN108332622A (zh) * 2018-01-19 2018-07-27 林文胜 一种全方位撞击开启的投掷弹
CN108332622B (zh) * 2018-01-19 2023-08-08 林文胜 一种全方位撞击开启的投掷弹
US11378371B2 (en) * 2018-06-21 2022-07-05 Chosen Realities, LLC Projectable device for use with mixed reality system
US11821723B2 (en) 2018-06-21 2023-11-21 Chosen Realities, LLC Projectable device for use with mixed reality system
CN114279279A (zh) * 2021-12-07 2022-04-05 南京理工大学 一种弹道安全性好的中大口径线膛火炮榴弹触发引信系统
CN114279279B (zh) * 2021-12-07 2023-04-21 南京理工大学 一种弹道安全性好的中大口径线膛火炮榴弹触发引信系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH478398A (de) 1969-09-15
GB1218884A (en) 1971-01-13
DE1905953A1 (de) 1970-08-20
NL6901794A (fr) 1970-08-07
FR2021274A5 (fr) 1970-07-17

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