US3551754A - Sensitive pick-up relay - Google Patents
Sensitive pick-up relay Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3551754A US3551754A US772964A US3551754DA US3551754A US 3551754 A US3551754 A US 3551754A US 772964 A US772964 A US 772964A US 3551754D A US3551754D A US 3551754DA US 3551754 A US3551754 A US 3551754A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- relay
- auxiliary winding
- winding
- transistor
- auxiliary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
- H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
- H01H47/06—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current by changing number of serially-connected turns or windings
Definitions
- This invention relates to a novel circuit arrangement for increasing the sensitivity of a relay or the like, and, more particularly, but not exclusively, to a novel arrangement of the stated type especially well adapted for use in connection with pulsing and battery feed relays in telephone systems.
- one important object of the present invention is to provide a circuit arrangement for increasing the sensitivity of a relay without significantly affecting its release characteristics.
- the invention contemplates the use of an auxiliary winding on the relay core, and a switching arrangement for connecting the auxiliary winding in series with the main winding during the initial application of an energizing voltage until the relay picks up, and then effectively open circuiting the auxiliary winding until the relay releases so that the auxiliary winding does not delay the release.
- the auxiliary winding is simply, short circuited by normally open contacts of the relay. In these cases, shunt loading of alternating current signals passing through the main winding may be minimized by connecting a diode in series with the auxiliary winding.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a relay arrangement according to a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematiccircuit diagram of a relay arrangement according to a modified form of the invention in a balanced configuration such as would be used, for example, in many telephone systems;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a relay arrangement according to a presently preferred embodiment of the invention for battery feed and pulsing in telephone service;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of another embodiment of the invention for use where the relay is not required to follow rapid pulse signals.
- an auxiliary winding 10 is connected in a series circuit, which includes the main winding 12 of a relay M, the emitter-to-collector current path of an NPN transistor 16, a battery 18, a resistor 19, and a switch 20.
- the auxiliary winding 10 is connected between one terminal of the main winding 12 and the emitter of the transistor 16.
- the resistor 19 is connected between the collector of the transistor I6 and the battery 18 through the switch 20.
- a pair of normally open contacts R-I of the relay I4 are connected between the collector of the transistor I6 and the junction between the auxiliary winding 10 and the main winding 12.
- a base resistor 22 is connected between the base of the transistor 16 and the junction between the two windings I and H2.
- Diodes 24 and 26 may be connected in series with the emitter and base, respectively, of the transistor 36 to protect the transistor against circuit transients and the application of reverse biasing voltages. They are not essential to the circuit and in many cases may be omitted.
- the transistor 16 In operation, upon the initial application of an energizing voltage such as, for example, occurs upon closing of the switch 20, the transistor 16 is biased in its forward direction, and the auxiliary winding 10 conducts in series with the main winding 12, thus providing high sensitivity icking up the relay. As soon as the relay picks up, its corita R 1 close, connecting the collector of the transistor 16 to the junction between the windings l0 and 12, thus cutting it off, and closing a shunt path across the transistor 16 and the auxiliary winding 10. The relay 14 remains held up by the main winding 12 only.
- Decay of current in the auxiliary winding 10 applies an added backbias across the emitter junction of the transistor 16, and, following decay of current in the auxiliary winding, the base of the transistor 16 is held at the same potential as its emitter, thus keeping the transistor cut off and the auxiliary winding open circuited.
- the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is generally similar in principle to the one shown in FIG. 1, except that it is arranged for use in a balanced telephone signalling circuit.
- the relay 23 shown therein includes two main windings 25 and 27, respectively, and separate auxiliary windings 30 and 31, respectively, each connected separately in series with itsown respective transistor 32 and 33, respectively, and one of the main windings 25 and 27.
- one of the transistors 32 is of the PNP type and the other one 33 is of the NPN type.
- the circuit operates Auxiliary resistors 36 and 37, respectively, are shown connected between the emitters and collectors of the respective transistors 32 and 33. These resistors are of relatively high value.
- auxiliary resistors 36 and 37 may be omitted.
- the circuit illustrated in FIG. 3 is generally similar to the one shown in FIG. 2, except that the transistors 40 and 41 are on the battery side of the relay for better protection against lightning and transient effects in the subscribers lines.
- the main windings 43 and 44, respectively, of the relay are arranged to be connected directly to the two leads 46 and 47 of the subscribers line. They are shunted by respective diodes 49 and 50 in series with limiting resistors 51 and 54, respectively.
- the transistors 40 and 41, and the auxiliary windings 52 and 53 are in series between the main windings 43 and 44, respectively, and the battery terminals 55 and 56.
- the auxiliary winding 52 is shunted by a voltage divider ineluding first and second resistors 61 and 62 with a diode 64 connected between them.
- the bases of the transistors 40 and 41 are connected to the respective diodes 64 and 69 in theshunt paths through respective protective diodes 71 and 72.
- Diodes 74 and 75 are respectively connected between the emitters and collectors of the two transistors 40 and ill, primarily to 7 protect the transistors against lightning induced transients.
- capacitor 77 and 78 are connected between the bases of the respective transistors 40 and 41 and the respective battery terminals 55 and 56 for damping the effect of transient voltage fluctuations.
- the capacitors 77 and 78 are shunted by respective diodes 80 and 81, each in series with a limiting resister 83 and 84.
- the much simpler circuit shown in FIG. 4 is designed for use in cases where the relay need not follow rapid dialing pulses and a significant delay can be tolerated in its release characteristic.
- the circuit is advantageous where high sensitivity is required, but where the resistance of the relay winding, once it is picked up, must be held to a low value.
- the circuit shown in FIG. 4 includes an auxiliary winding 90 connected in series with one of the main windings 92 and 93, and shunted by a pair of normally open contacts 95 of the relay.
- a diode is connected in series with the auxiliary winding 90 to block low level alternating current signals.
- Pulsing and battery feed relays as used in telephony are usually connected across the subscribers lines, shunting the so-called speech signals. It is, therefore, important that they present a high impedance to the line.
- the auxiliary winding 90 in the arrangement shown in FIG. 4 is coupled as the secondary winding of a transformer to the main windings 92 and 93, and if it reflects a low impedance, it will cause the relay to act as a low impedance shunt for the speech signals, and adversely i I claim:
- An electrical relay comprising a main winding, an auxiliary winding electrically in series with said main winding and magnetically aiding, circuit means connecting a pair of normally open contacts across said auxiliary winding so that said contacts are closed when the relay picks up.
- An electrical relay comprising a main winding, an auxiliary winding electrically in series with said mainv winding and magnetically aiding, a diode in series with said auxiliary winding, and a pair of normally open contacts connected across said auxiliary winding and said diode for shunting said auxiliary winding and said diode when the relay picks up.
- switching means for connecting said auxiliary winding in series with the main winding of the actuator from the start of the application of an energizing voltage until the actuator picks up, and for thereupon open circuiting said auxiliary winding and closing a current path shunting it to apply the energizing voltage to the main winding only.
- said switching means includes a transistor with its emitter-to-collector current path in series with said auxiliary winding, and a pair of normally open contacts arranged to close when the actuator picks up, said contacts being connected in shunt across said auxiliary winding and said current path of said transistor taken together.
- a relay and associated circuit for use as a pulsing or battery feed relay in a telephone switching system or the like d. two sets of normally open contacts respectively shunting said auxiliary windings and said transistors; and
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Relay Circuits (AREA)
- Interface Circuits In Exchanges (AREA)
- Devices For Supply Of Signal Current (AREA)
Description
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US77296468A | 1968-11-04 | 1968-11-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3551754A true US3551754A (en) | 1970-12-29 |
Family
ID=25096747
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US772964A Expired - Lifetime US3551754A (en) | 1968-11-04 | 1968-11-04 | Sensitive pick-up relay |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US3551754A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3627952A (en) * | 1969-03-12 | 1971-12-14 | Person Jean Michel | Direct current reduction network for amplification telephone sets |
US3715511A (en) * | 1969-09-24 | 1973-02-06 | Stromberg Carlson Corp | Telephone pulsing circuit |
US3919488A (en) * | 1974-06-21 | 1975-11-11 | Itt | Ring control circuit |
US4087644A (en) * | 1976-02-02 | 1978-05-02 | Nippon Tsu Shin Kogyo K.K. | Dial impulse relay circuit |
US4227231A (en) * | 1978-09-05 | 1980-10-07 | Eaton Corporation | Integral relay low voltage retentive means |
US4586467A (en) * | 1983-10-27 | 1986-05-06 | General Motors Corporation | Electric starting apparatus |
US4947284A (en) * | 1989-03-06 | 1990-08-07 | Square D Company | Field-installable heavy duty undervoltage release |
-
1968
- 1968-11-04 US US772964A patent/US3551754A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3627952A (en) * | 1969-03-12 | 1971-12-14 | Person Jean Michel | Direct current reduction network for amplification telephone sets |
US3715511A (en) * | 1969-09-24 | 1973-02-06 | Stromberg Carlson Corp | Telephone pulsing circuit |
US3919488A (en) * | 1974-06-21 | 1975-11-11 | Itt | Ring control circuit |
US4087644A (en) * | 1976-02-02 | 1978-05-02 | Nippon Tsu Shin Kogyo K.K. | Dial impulse relay circuit |
US4227231A (en) * | 1978-09-05 | 1980-10-07 | Eaton Corporation | Integral relay low voltage retentive means |
US4586467A (en) * | 1983-10-27 | 1986-05-06 | General Motors Corporation | Electric starting apparatus |
US4947284A (en) * | 1989-03-06 | 1990-08-07 | Square D Company | Field-installable heavy duty undervoltage release |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: GENERAL DYNAMICS TELEQUIPMENT CORPORATION Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:STROMBERG-CARLSON CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004157/0746 Effective date: 19821221 Owner name: UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION, A DE CORP. Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:GENERAL DYNAMICS TELEPHONE SYSTEMS CENTER INC.;REEL/FRAME:004157/0698 Effective date: 19830519 Owner name: GENERAL DYNAMICS TELEPHONE SYSTEMS CENTER INC., Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:GENERAL DYNAMICS TELEQUIPMENT CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004157/0723 Effective date: 19830124 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: STROMBERG-CARLSON CORPORATION, FLORIDA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION A CORPORATION OF DE;REEL/FRAME:005732/0982 Effective date: 19850605 |