US3550918A - Heat regenerator,particularly a regenerative air preheater for a blast furnace - Google Patents

Heat regenerator,particularly a regenerative air preheater for a blast furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
US3550918A
US3550918A US847663A US3550918DA US3550918A US 3550918 A US3550918 A US 3550918A US 847663 A US847663 A US 847663A US 3550918D A US3550918D A US 3550918DA US 3550918 A US3550918 A US 3550918A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
burner
shell
stack
separating wall
sliding joint
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US847663A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jacobus Van Laar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Nederlandsche Hoogovens en Staalfabrieken NV
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Koninklijke Hoogovens En Staal
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B9/00—Stoves for heating the blast in blast furnaces
    • C21B9/02—Brick hot-blast stoves
    • C21B9/06—Linings

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a regenerative heater, in particular to an air preheater for preheating the air to be fed to a blast furnace, being of the type having within a single vertical shell covered interiorly by bricks, a flame funnel or burner stack and a space filled with piles of heat absorbing refractory bricks, in which a heat insulating layer is provided in aseparating wall between the burner stack and the piled bricks, the brick work showing vertical sliding joints where the bricks to both sides of the vertical joint face are allowed to move, slide, expand and contract with respect to the bricks at the other side of the joint.
  • Heat regenerators are known in several fields of engineering for regenerating heat or combustible components liberated in some process.
  • the temperature of the air preheater is restricted by the danger of cracking, bending and crushing or pulverizing of parts of the interior masonry as a result of high thermal stresses in the structure.
  • the thermal stresses could become very high as a result of con: siderable differences in temperature over short distances, particularly transverse distances.
  • the separating wall between the burner stack and the piled bricks is, particularly in the lower part of the regenerator, heated to temperatures which vary considerably between the burner stack side and the other side of said wall, where the space for the piled bricks is.
  • this wall has the tendency to take up a curved. position, concavely with respect to the burner stack. This could easily bring on the formation of 'cracks in the separating wall itself andin the zones where this wall contacts the masonry on the inner side of the outer shell of the preheater.
  • the shell itself with its inner masonry will be subject to mutually different thermal expansions at the side of the burner stack and at the parts surrounding the piles of heat absorbing bricks, which cannot only cause cracks between these parts of the shell masonry, but also between the shell and its masonry on the one hand and the dome resting thereon on the other hand and between the shell and its masonry on the one hand and the separating wall on the other hand.
  • Such cracks and deformations could in their turn destroy the piles of refractory heat absorbing bricks and could cause a short circuiting of gases and air through the separating wall.
  • v in a regenerative heater as given in the preamble of this than one layer of bricks, at least in the cold condition of the regenerator, are separated by a vertical sliding dilatation joint from the remainder of the masonry of the shell and of the separating wall, and that the said heat insulating layer is provided at that side of the sliding joint which is farthest away from the burner stack.
  • the sliding joint extending all around the burner stack it is possible that the inner layers of the wall of the stack, which have the highest temperature difference with the remainder of the structure, can show thermal expansions, quite independently upon the remainder of the structure. This is, however, only possible as a result of the presence of the insulating layer at the outer side of the sliding joint in the separating wall.
  • This insulating layer ensures that the layers of the separatingwall to both sides of the sliding joint each are about homogeneous in temperature in any of the cross sections through said layer.
  • the separating wall as a whole and the several brick layers therein do not have the tendency to warping, bending or curving.
  • the insulating layer according to the invention extends entirely around the burner stack at the side of the sliding joint remote from the interior of the burner stack, and that said insulating layer extends at least over the lower half of the height of the burner stack.
  • a further advantage of the fact that the separating wall and theshell remain straight without curving, consists in the fact that it is now possible to calculate the shape of the structure in hot condition exactly, starting from the shape in cold condition.
  • a metal plate in at least the lower half of the separating wall at that side of the insulating layer which is directed towards the piles of heat absorbing bricks, said metal plate preferably consisting of a heat-resistant steel containing sil-,
  • the innermost layer of the layers present at the inside of the first sliding joint extend as a continuous layer without any sliding joint all around the burner stack over substantially the lower half of the burner stack, that this layer is separated from the remainder of the layers present at the inside of the first sliding joint by a third continuous sliding joint all around and that this remainder is divided into two shells by sliding joints present in the zones where the separating wall merges into the shell masonry.
  • this structure does not bring on the danger of cracks, contrary to a direct merging of the dome masonry into the masonry of the shell as in the known air preheaters, where the dome masonry rests on the masonry of the shell. It has been suggested in the prior art to solve-this problem in another way, namely to support the dome separately from the shell with dome parts protruding outside the shell, resting on a separate supporting structure, which was not very attractive from a structural point of view and entrained high costs for the external supporting structure. In
  • FIG. 1 gives a vertical cross section through said preheater
  • FIG. 2 gives one half of a partial cross section on an new larged scale along the line II-ll in FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale;
  • FIG. 3 shows the detail in circle Ill from FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale.
  • the reference numeral 1 indicates the shell of the air preheater, forming together with the bottom 2, on which it rests, a unitary structure of masonry.
  • the masonry of the shell is surrounded by a steel jacket 27 (FIG. 2).
  • Gaseous fuel and air required to generate the hot combustion gases necessary for heating the heat absorbing bricks are supplied by passage 8 and annular duct 9 respectively towards burner 10.
  • This burner a so-called ceramic burner, has been shown only diagrammatically in FIG. 1, but such burners are known as such and this burner is not essential for understanding the invention.
  • a sliding joint 14 extends from the upper part of shell 1 through the segment of this shell, which is defined by the separating wall 5, down to a zone close to the upper surface of burner 10.
  • a sliding joint 15 extends from the upper edge of the separating wall 5 along the whole width thereof, down to a position somewhat below burner 10. Sliding joints 14 and 15 form a continuous slot extending all around the burner stack. If the part 17, 18 of the burner stack wall within said continuous slot increases in length by the heat, this part is able to displace freely with respect to the dome 6 and with respect to the remainder l6, 19 of the shell 1 and of the separating wall 5. 1
  • separating wall 5 In order to make the outer layer 19 of separating wall 5 sufficiently strong and gastight, it is coated at the inner (concave) side of its curvature with a set of steel plates 20.
  • These plates 20 consist of a heat-resistant steel which contains silicon, chromium and molybdenum.
  • shell part 16 and separating wall part 19 are, at the convex sides of the sliding joints l4and 15, covered or coated with layers of heat insulating material 22 and 23.
  • the layer 22 extends from a position near to the burner up to a position at or nearly at the upper edge of the shell.
  • the layer 23 extends from a position shortly below the upper part of the burner to about three-fourths of the height of the separating wall 5. A sliding joint prevents the occurence of stresses between the burner stack wall parts 17 and 18 if these parts would undergo different thermal expansions.
  • the wall 21 protects the burner stack additionally in the zone where the influence of the flames on the wall of the burner stack is highest.
  • refractory bricks could be used, which, as is known to the expert, are much'more porous than the normal refractory bricks used in such structures and not intended for insulating purposes.
  • the invention could also be applied with known burners positioned outside the shell 1 and connected to an opening like8inFlG. l. j
  • checkerwork is'u sed herein in its conventional meaning in the field of metallurgy, i.e. to designate the piles of heat absorbing bricks, which may constitute a structure of fire bricks so built up that the bricks alternate with open spaces, permitting the passage of heated gases.
  • a regenerative heater of the type employed, for preheating air to be fed to a blast furnace said heater being of the type which comprises: a single vertical shell covered internally with refractory brick work, wall means separating the space within said brick work into a burner stack and a space filled with checkerwork, means establishing communication between the upperends of said stack and space, openings through said shell communicating with the lower ends of said stack and space; said separating wall means comprising a vertical sliding joint between layers of brick, whereby the bricks on one side of the vertical sliding joint may move, slide, expand, and contract with respect to those on the other side of the joint, and, said separating wall means also comprising a heat insulating layer therein, characterized in that: over at least the upperhalf of the burner stack both the masonry of the shell and that of the separating wall means comprise layers closest to the burner stack which, at least in the cold condition of the regenerator, are separated by a vertical sliding dilation joint from the remainder of the masonry of the shell and of the wall means, and in that
  • a heater according to claim 1 further characterized in that: the width of the vertical sliding joint is so related to the furthest away from the burner stack, and in that said insulating layer extends at least over the lower half of the height of the burner stack.
  • a heater according to claim 1 further characterized in that: the insulating layer extends entirely around the burner stack at the side of the sliding joint in the masonry of the shell and in the masonry of the separating wall means which is furthest away from the burner stack, and in that said insulating layer extends at least over the lower half of the height of the burner stack.
  • A- heater according to claim 4 further characterized in that: a metal plate is located in at least the lower half of the separating wall at that side of the insulating layer which is directed toward the checkerwork.
  • a heater according to claim 1 further characterized in that: the bricks on the outer side of the vertical sliding joint in said separating wall means extend into a recess in the inner brick layers of the masonry of the shell and are separated therefrom by a second sliding joint.
  • a heater according to claim 9 further characterized in that: the means (c comprises a dome covering the shell, and in that said dome rests on only the layers of the shell outside said sliding joints.
  • a heater according to claim 1 further characterized in that: a so-called ceramic burner is positioned in the lower part of the burner stack, and in that the sliding joint in the shell extends down to the burner, and the sliding joint in the separating wall means extends downwardly past the top of the burner.
  • a heater according to claim 1 further characterized in that: the bricks on the outer side of the vertical sliding joint in saidseparating wall means extend into a recess in the inner brick layers of the masonary of the shell and are separated therefrom by a second sliding joint, a metal plate is located in at least the lower half of the separating wall at that side of the insulating layer which is directed toward the checkerwork,
  • said metal plate consists of a heat resistant metal containing silicon, chromium and molybdenum, the innermost layer of the layers present at the inside of said vertical sliding joint, extends as a continuous layer uninterrupted by any sliding joint all around the burner stack over substantially the lower half of the burner stack, said innermost layer is separated from the remainder of the layers present at the inner side of said vertical sliding joint by another continuous sliding joint all around said innermost layer, the said remainder of the layers present at the inner side of said vertical sliding joint is divided into two portions by sliding joints present in the regions where the separating wall mergesinto the shell masonry, the means (c) comprises a dome covering the shell, said dome rests on only the layers of the shell outside said sliding joints, a so-called ceramic burner is positioned in the lower part of the burner stack, the sliding joint in the shell extends down to the burner,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
US847663A 1968-08-09 1969-08-05 Heat regenerator,particularly a regenerative air preheater for a blast furnace Expired - Lifetime US3550918A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6811373.A NL162433C (nl) 1968-08-09 1968-08-09 Warmteregenerator, in het bijzonder een windverhitter ten behoeve van een hoogoven.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3550918A true US3550918A (en) 1970-12-29

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ID=19804328

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US847663A Expired - Lifetime US3550918A (en) 1968-08-09 1969-08-05 Heat regenerator,particularly a regenerative air preheater for a blast furnace

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US3550918A (cs)
JP (1) JPS4922013B1 (cs)
AT (1) AT297070B (cs)
BE (1) BE736494A (cs)
CS (1) CS188106B2 (cs)
DE (1) DE1938432A1 (cs)
FR (1) FR2015356A1 (cs)
GB (1) GB1212177A (cs)
LU (1) LU59253A1 (cs)
NL (1) NL162433C (cs)
RO (1) RO61384A (cs)
SE (1) SE340465B (cs)
SU (1) SU374842A3 (cs)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2243517A1 (de) * 1971-09-07 1973-03-15 Hoogovens Ijmuiden Bv Feuerfeste mauerwerkwand
US4369954A (en) * 1979-07-21 1983-01-25 Didier-Werke Ag Regenerative air preheater with improved insulation between combustion chamber and checker shaft
US4419075A (en) * 1981-11-19 1983-12-06 Koppers Company, Inc. Blast furnace stove wall
US4582485A (en) * 1985-02-13 1986-04-15 White Jr Herbert A Blast furnace stove
US20110200958A1 (en) * 2010-02-12 2011-08-18 Van Laar Floris Hot Blast Stove Dome and Hot Blast Stove

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE791523A (nl) * 1971-11-19 1973-05-17 Hoogovens Ijmuiden Bv Warmtegenerator
DE3218125C1 (de) * 1982-05-14 1983-08-11 Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Schutzanordnung fuer einen Waermetauscher,insbesondere Winderhitzer von Hochofenanlagen
RU2154674C1 (ru) * 1999-07-21 2000-08-20 Открытое акционерное общество "Новолипецкий металлургический комбинат" Доменный воздухонагреватель

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2243517A1 (de) * 1971-09-07 1973-03-15 Hoogovens Ijmuiden Bv Feuerfeste mauerwerkwand
US4369954A (en) * 1979-07-21 1983-01-25 Didier-Werke Ag Regenerative air preheater with improved insulation between combustion chamber and checker shaft
US4419075A (en) * 1981-11-19 1983-12-06 Koppers Company, Inc. Blast furnace stove wall
US4582485A (en) * 1985-02-13 1986-04-15 White Jr Herbert A Blast furnace stove
US20110200958A1 (en) * 2010-02-12 2011-08-18 Van Laar Floris Hot Blast Stove Dome and Hot Blast Stove
US9194013B2 (en) * 2010-02-12 2015-11-24 Allied Mineral Products, Inc. Hot blast stove dome and hot blast stove

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4922013B1 (cs) 1974-06-05
FR2015356A1 (cs) 1970-04-24
AT297070B (de) 1972-03-10
NL162433C (nl) 1980-05-16
SE340465B (cs) 1971-11-22
CS188106B2 (en) 1979-02-28
NL162433B (nl) 1979-12-17
NL6811373A (cs) 1970-02-11
GB1212177A (en) 1970-11-11
SU374842A3 (cs) 1973-03-20
BE736494A (cs) 1970-01-26
RO61384A (cs) 1976-11-15
LU59253A1 (cs) 1970-01-01
DE1938432A1 (de) 1970-02-12

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