US354737A - richards - Google Patents

Description

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P. H'. RICHARDS.'

LATHEHBAD. A

Patented 1360.21, 1886. Y

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Patented Dec. 21

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FRANCIS H. RICHARDS, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASS., ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO THE PRATT (it WHITNEY COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, C ONN.

LATH E-H EAD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.' 354.737, dated December 2l, 1886.

Application tiled January 21, 18,86. Serial No. 189,298. (No model.)

y .To all whom, t may concern.-

'Be it known that I, FRANCIS H. RIoHARDs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lathe-Heads, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan View of a lathe-head embodying my improvements, in which the upper parts are broken away the better to show the inclosed mechanism. Fig. 2 is a front side elevation, partially in section, of the same. Fig. 3 is a front end elevation. Fig. 4 is a rear end elevation. Fig. 5 is an enlarged View of a part of Fig. l; and Fig. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the spindle in line a a, Fig. '1.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout all the views. p

This invention relates to that class of latheheads which have a tool-carrying slide on their face-plates for the purpose of turning off pieces which do not themselves revolve.v

The object of my invention is to provide a lathe-head of the aforesaid class of such construction and having a tool-feeding mechanism of such a nature that there is always a positive connection between a hand-wheel shaft conveniently located and the toollcarrying slide, which shall be unaffected by the starting, revolving, or stopping of the lathespindle.

For the accomplishment of this object the invention consists in certain combinations of mechanism illustratedby the drawings and hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, A represents a portion of the bed of a lathe, and A'the lathe-head frame, which is therein shown of a box-shaped form, provided with a cover, A2, and which incloses the principal parts of the mechanism. This frame has bearings B B' for supporting the Iathespindle S, and it is also formed as required to receive and hold in place the several details which are not carried by said spindle. This spindle is provided with a flange, F, for convenience in attaching the face-plate P, and may be driven by a gear, Cr, secured to said face plate, or otherwise, as desired. The

sun-and-planet motion.

faceplate is furnished with suitable ways, as J, to vwhich the tool-carrying slide S' is se.- cured by straps T and screws, in the usual manner. This slide has one or more suitably'- formed projections, H, adapted to carry the tool post or holder H'. irl/Then spindle S is hollow, slide S' is made with a central slot, as shown in Figs. l and 3. Lying back of slide S', in a channel formed in the'face-plate, there is a screw, S2, which works said slide by means of nut N. Said screw is held in place by bearing B2 and nuts N2, (shown by dotted lines in Figs. 2 and 3,) and is driven by shaft Sa through gears G2 and G', fixed, respectively, to this shaft and said screw.

Shaft S3 is carried in a hole formed Within spindle S, and is furnished with gear C", Whereby it is driven. It communicates motion to the face-plate mechanism from a system of sun-and-planet gearing, which is a principal part of my present invention, and the construction of which I will next describe. This system of gearing consists of two sun-andplanet motions set in opposition to each other, and connected by an intermediate sun-wheel (common to both sun-and-planet motions) in such a manner that the Amovements derived from the rst of said motions is, in' a sense, counteracted in the other.' Referring to Figs.

'1 and 6, in which this gearing is most completely shown, D is the sun-wheel of the first It is tted loosely onto spindle S, and is permanently kept from rotating by a screw, S*, in frame A. Next to that sun-wheel a ring, D', is rigidly fixed to said spindle and furnished with a iiXed stud, T', for carrying the first planet-wheel, W. Stud T' may be fixed to the spindle without the intervention of ring D', if preferred; but I.

do not consider this construction as convenient in practice as that shown. Next to ring D', opposite to sun-Wheel D, an intermediate sun-wheel, D2, is loosely fitted to spindle S. This Wheel has teeth on each side of it, of which those on the left-hand side, O, mesh with the teeth of planet-Wheel W, and those on the right hand with the teeth of the second planetwheel, W'. This wheel Wis carried on a stud,

T2, similar to T', which is fixed to the internally-toothed ring D3, loosely fitted to spindle roo S, and similar to ling D. The teeth of this ring mesh with those of gear G5, before described, as shown best in Fig. 6. At the right hand of this ring the second sun-wheel, D, which may be and is shown here as a duplicate of sun-wheel D2, is placed loosely on said spindle. This sun-wheel has teeth O2 on one side, meshing with the second planet-wheel, W', and teeth O3 on the other side, meshing with the pinion G4 on hand-wheel shaft S5.

Having now enumerated all the essential parts of the said sun-and-planet motions, I will next describe one form of mechanism illustrative of a numerous class of such mechanisms, which are adapted to be used for imparting a continuous feeding motion through them and the parts previously described to the tooll carrying slide.

An intermediate shaft, S, is driven from spindle S by gears G5 and G, and is fitted at its outer end, E, to receive a gear for driving the usual screw-cutting mechanism of the lathe. Another intermediate shaft, S7, is driven from that one through gears G7. This shaft carries a gear, G8, meshing with the intermediate gear, G9, which drives the frictionwheel F on shaftn S5. A clutch-wheel, F2, is splined to this shaft S5, and is operated by means of nut N3, which nut, by means of pins P', fitted to slide freely through the hub of hand-wheel M, can be made to force the said 4clutch-wheel against said friction-wheel whenever required. The hand-wheel is of course rigidly fixed on its shaft, which, for convenience in disassembling the machine, is supported in a removable iianged bearing, B3. Gears of different sizes may be substituted for Ga and G9 by a suitable modification of the parts supporting them, for the purpose of changing the speed of shaft S5 relative to spindle S. The operation of this gearing, with its shafts and auxiliary parts, to communicate motion from the spindle to the hand-wheel shaft will be obvious from this description and the drawings with my explanation.

. The mode of operation of my improvement is as follows: Then the spindle is at rest, the tool-slideis first moved to the desired position for beginning a cut. This is done by taking hold of wheel M and turning shaft S5 and pinion Gt, and thereby sun -wheel D4. The revolution of this wheel, owing to the wellknown nature of the sun-and-planet motion, the wheel D2 being at rest, (that is, while spindle S is also at rest,) acts through planetwheel Wand stud T2 to turn ring D3 with one-half of the Velocity of said wheel D. The ring D3 acts through gear G3, shaft S3, gears G2 and G, and screw S2 to move the slide as required. The tool having been properly set, the spindle may now bestarted revolving, when the operation of the mechanism will be as follows: In this case it is supposed that sunwheels D and D4 and the hand-wheely and shaft are for the time being at rest. It is then obvious that, as stud T is carried around with the spindle, planet-wheel WV will be revolved on said stud, and, owing to the nature aforesaid of this class of mechanical movements, will cause sun-wheel D'l to revolve in the same direction and with double the velocity as said spindle. This is the result considering the motion of the wheel D2 as derived from wheel D through wheel WV. If, now, we consider wheel D4 to ,be at rest and ring D3 to turn uniformly with the spindle, the same as ring D', then it is obvious that the motion of wheel D2 thus derived from wheel D* through wheel W would be the same as before; hence, as the ring D3 gears with gear G3, which is connected to the tool-slide, and as the said ring in this case turns uniformly with the spindle while the hand-wheel is at rest, the revolution of said spindle cannot, therefore, be the cause of any movement of the said toolslide, for it clearly requires a movement of said ring relative to said spindle to cause a movement of said slide.

Now,if we consider how, as above explained,

the tool-slide can be moved by means of handwheel M, acting through the'sun-and-planet motion, while the spindle is at rest, and how the rotation of the spindle has of itself no power to effect or affect the movement of said slide, it will then be evident without further explanation that in all cases, whether the spindle is at rest or in motion, the said slide will be moved directly in proportion to any movement of the hand-wheel, and that thus will be accomplished the principal object of the invention.

In practice I have not found it necessary to provide any means for preventing the rotation of gear G, since the friction of the several bearings and oi' the slide naturally has that effect; but to secure this result I fit the parts D", D, and D* to turn freely on spindle S.

This system of gearing is not limited in its applications to lathe-heads; but it maybe employed'to effect a similar purpose t o that here described in any kind of machinery.

I have shown and described face-plate P as Vbeing made separately from the spindle and secured thereto; but it may, obviously be made integral therewith. It may also be made of various forms other than a circular one. I have also shown slide S arranged with itsline of motion at right angles to the axis of the spindle; but it may be arranged to have said line of motion. make any other angle therewith, or even to be parallel thereto, by suitable modifications of the several parts.

The means shown in the drawings for rotating sun-wheel D4 is an arrangement of gearing; but the same result may be attained by means of a belt running over that sun-wheel between the teeth O2 and O from a suitable driving-shaft parallel to the spindle. A chain may also be used in the same manner; or the bevel-gearing for this purpose may be replaced by spur-gearing.

I claim as my invention- 1. A main spindle, a shaft carried by said spindle and having a gear thereon, a toothed los IIO

IIS

ring carried upon said spindle and meshing with the gear of said shaft, a double sun-andplanet mechanism, substantially as described, a shaft adapted to be revolved in a fixed position at the will of the operator, and gearing between this shaft and said mechanism for imparting to said toothed ring a rotary motion relative to said spin'dle, combined and operating substantially as set forth.

2. Ama-in spindle, a shaft carried within said spindle and having a gear thereon projecting outside ofthe periphery thereof, an internally-toothed ring carried upon said spindle and meshing with the gear of said shaft, a sun-and-plauet mechanism, substantially as described, a shaft adapted to be revolved in a fixed position at the will of the operator, and connecting-gearing between this shaft and said mechanism for imparting to said toothed ring a rotary motion relative to said spindle, combined and operating substantially as specified.

3. In a lathe-head, a spindle having a shaft within it and ways for a tool-carrying slide, a tool carrying slide adapted to slide on said ways, feed-gearing, substantially as described, between said slide and said shaft, a system of anism on said spindle, the connecting mech- 4o anism between said sun-and-planet mechanism and vsaid slide, a gear, as G5, fixed on said spindle, and intermediate connecting feed-gearing, substantially as described, between said gear G5 and sun-wheel D4 of said sun-and-planet 45` mechanism, vall combined substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

FRANCIS H. RICHARDS.

Vitnesses:

FRANK H. PIERPONT, ROBERT L. PEoK.

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