US3547121A - Abdominal grid for intrauterine fetal transfusion - Google Patents

Abdominal grid for intrauterine fetal transfusion Download PDF

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Publication number
US3547121A
US3547121A US710135A US3547121DA US3547121A US 3547121 A US3547121 A US 3547121A US 710135 A US710135 A US 710135A US 3547121D A US3547121D A US 3547121DA US 3547121 A US3547121 A US 3547121A
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grid
abdominal
fetal
fetus
abdomen
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US710135A
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Sheldon H Cherry
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Mount Sinai Hospital Research Foundation Inc
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Mount Sinai Hospital Research Foundation Inc
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/42Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for desensitising skin, for protruding skin to facilitate piercing, or for locating point where body is to be pierced
    • A61M5/427Locating point where body is to be pierced, e.g. vein location means using ultrasonic waves, injection site templates

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  • the present invention relates to intrauterine fetal transfusions and, more particularly, to an abdominal grid designed to aid in the localization of the fetus in the peritoneal cavity.
  • the severity of fetal erythroblastosis can be assessed from the results of analysis of amniotic fluid specimens. In those pregnancies in which the fetusis at serious risk of imminent death from hemolytic disease but is too premature. to be delivered (prior to 33-34 weeks of gestation), the method of intrauterine fetal transfusions by transabdominal injection of packed red cells has now been established as the treatment of choice.
  • the prior technique developed to perform intrauterine transfusions involved the taping of ball bearings or other metallic markers to the mother's abdomen. Lateral and antero-posterior X-rays were then taken to determine the position of the fetus and its relation to the reference point, ball bearing markers. The necessity of taping metallic markers to the mother's abdomen in itself rendered a complete sterile procedure impossible.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide the device with reference points to aid the doctor in selecting the proper point for injection.
  • an abdominal grid which includes a plurality of X-ray opaque, flexible, intersecting horizontal and vertical wires or rods which are secured to each other at the points of intersection.
  • a dye is first'injected into the amniotic fluidwhich the fetus drinks and which subsequently findsits way into the bowels of the fetus.
  • a grid in accordance with the present invention is then placed on the mothers abdomen and fastened at four corners by tape.
  • An initial flat plate and lateral X-ray photographs are taken; The X-ray photographs are then developed and the transfusion procedure is ready to be performed.
  • the dye concentrated in the fetal bowels can be readily ascertained through the grid and the placement of the needle can be performed with ease and accuracy.
  • the grid made of stainless steel is easily sterilized and may remain in place during the subsequent transfusion or be removed prior to the administration of red cells after placement of the catheter has been performed.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a grid in accordance with the present invention in place on a place on a mothers abdomen
  • FIG. 2 is a photograph showingthe grid in place as visualized in a radiograph.
  • the instrument designed to aid in the localization of the fetal peritoneal cavity consists of a flexible stainless steel grid 2, 8 by 8 inches square, and subdivided into i by 1 inch squares 4. At points of intersection on the grid, enlarged portions or markers 6 are placed at specific locations for reference points to help localize the proper square for injection.
  • the grid 2 is placed on the mothers abdomen 8 and is fastened at the four corners by tape 10.
  • the grid is flexible and is placed to follow the contour of the maternal abdominal wall.
  • the l by 1 inch squares allow easy manipulation within the squares for the subsequent intrauterine transfusion.
  • the fetal bowel 12 has been opacified by 14 and concentration of the o acifying agent 16 in the fetal small bowel 12.
  • An initial flat p ate and ateral X-ray examinations are taken and then developed.
  • the dye 18 concentrated in the fetal small bowel l2 and its position in relation to the grid 2 can be readily ascertained in the X-ray photographs and the doctor can easily and accurately insert a needle 16 through the mothers abdomen near the navel, positioning it in the fetal peritoneum.
  • An injection catheter is then inserted through the needle 16. The injection of concentrated cells is then performed.
  • the grid could be made of any suitable material such as other metals, or plastics or ceramics containing X-ray opaque material. Therefore, the invention is not deemed to be limited except as defined in the appended claims.
  • An abdominal grid formed of a plurality of flexible intersecting horizontal and vertical wires or rods which are secured to each other at the points of intersection, the said wires or rods being opaque to X-rays and capable of being sterilized, said wires or rods having X-ray opaque elements mounted thereon at a minority of said intersections and arranged in a distinctive pattern to provide identifying loci for insertion by the doctor of a needle through the mother's abdomen and into the fetus.
  • a method of performing intrauterine fetal transfusions comprising:
  • a method of locating a reference point for the insertion of a needle into a fetus comprising:

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Description

United States Patent Sheldon l-l. Cherry March 4, 1968 Dec. 15, 1970 Mount Sinai Hospital Research Foundation, Inc.
Inventor Appl. No. Filed Patented Assignee ABDOMINAL GRID FOR INTRAUTERINE FETAL TRANSFUSION 7 Claims, 2 Drawing Figs.
US. Cl 128/215, 250/67 Int. Cl A61m 5/00, GOln 21/34 [50] Field ofSearch 128/2, 215, 303, 379, 384; 33/104, 174, 174B, 180A, l4, 15; 132/885; 256/21, 32, 33; 356/170; 250/65, 67
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 905,983 12/1908 Brown Primary ExaminerRichard A. Gaudet Assistant Examiner-John B. Mitchell Attorney-Brumbaugh, Graves, Donohue & Raymond ABSTRACT: An abdominal grid for intrauterine fetal peritoneal transfusions.
PATENTEU 05m 51m 3,547,121
INVENTOR. SHELDON H. CHERRY A TTORNEYS ABDOMINAL GRID FOR INTRAUTERINE FETAL TRANSFUSION The present invention relates to intrauterine fetal transfusions and, more particularly, to an abdominal grid designed to aid in the localization of the fetus in the peritoneal cavity.
The severity of fetal erythroblastosis can be assessed from the results of analysis of amniotic fluid specimens. In those pregnancies in which the fetusis at serious risk of imminent death from hemolytic disease but is too premature. to be delivered (prior to 33-34 weeks of gestation), the method of intrauterine fetal transfusions by transabdominal injection of packed red cells has now been established as the treatment of choice.
Since it is not feasible to perform the transfusion under a fluoroscope which would enable the doctor to observe instantaneously the insertion of a needle or catheter into the fetal abdomen, the problem for the doctor has'been location of a reference point so that he is reasonably certain of the insertion of the catheteror needle at the proper place.
The prior technique developed to perform intrauterine transfusions involved the taping of ball bearings or other metallic markers to the mother's abdomen. Lateral and antero-posterior X-rays were then taken to determine the position of the fetus and its relation to the reference point, ball bearing markers. The necessity of taping metallic markers to the mother's abdomen in itself rendered a complete sterile procedure impossible.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a new device to facilitate intrauterine fetal peritoneal transfusions which is both simpler and more easily sterilized than the apparatus of prior techniques.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the device with reference points to aid the doctor in selecting the proper point for injection.
These and other objects areaccomplished, in accordance with the present invention, by an abdominal grid which includes a plurality of X-ray opaque, flexible, intersecting horizontal and vertical wires or rods which are secured to each other at the points of intersection.
In use, a dye is first'injected into the amniotic fluidwhich the fetus drinks and which subsequently findsits way into the bowels of the fetus. A grid in accordance with the present invention is then placed on the mothers abdomen and fastened at four corners by tape. An initial flat plate and lateral X-ray photographs are taken; The X-ray photographs are then developed and the transfusion procedure is ready to be performed. The dye concentrated in the fetal bowels can be readily ascertained through the grid and the placement of the needle can be performed with ease and accuracy. The grid made of stainless steel is easily sterilized and may remain in place during the subsequent transfusion or be removed prior to the administration of red cells after placement of the catheter has been performed.
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference may be had to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates a grid in accordance with the present invention in place on a place on a mothers abdomen; and
FIG. 2 is a photograph showingthe grid in place as visualized in a radiograph.
As shown in FIG. 1, the instrument designed to aid in the localization of the fetal peritoneal cavity consists of a flexible stainless steel grid 2, 8 by 8 inches square, and subdivided into i by 1 inch squares 4. At points of intersection on the grid, enlarged portions or markers 6 are placed at specific locations for reference points to help localize the proper square for injection. The grid 2 is placed on the mothers abdomen 8 and is fastened at the four corners by tape 10. The grid is flexible and is placed to follow the contour of the maternal abdominal wall. The l by 1 inch squares allow easy manipulation within the squares for the subsequent intrauterine transfusion.
As shown in FIG. 2, the fetal bowel 12 has been opacified by 14 and concentration of the o acifying agent 16 in the fetal small bowel 12. An initial flat p ate and ateral X-ray examinations are taken and then developed. The dye 18 concentrated in the fetal small bowel l2 and its position in relation to the grid 2 can be readily ascertained in the X-ray photographs and the doctor can easily and accurately insert a needle 16 through the mothers abdomen near the navel, positioning it in the fetal peritoneum. An injection catheter is then inserted through the needle 16. The injection of concentrated cells is then performed.
It will be apparent to those skilledin the art that modifications could be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope. For example, the grid could be made of any suitable material such as other metals, or plastics or ceramics containing X-ray opaque material. Therefore, the invention is not deemed to be limited except as defined in the appended claims.
lclaim:
1'. An abdominal grid formed of a plurality of flexible intersecting horizontal and vertical wires or rods which are secured to each other at the points of intersection, the said wires or rods being opaque to X-rays and capable of being sterilized, said wires or rods having X-ray opaque elements mounted thereon at a minority of said intersections and arranged in a distinctive pattern to provide identifying loci for insertion by the doctor of a needle through the mother's abdomen and into the fetus. p
2. An abdominal grid as defined in claim 1 wherein said intersecting horizontal and vertical wires or rods subdivide said grid into approximately one by one inch squares.
3. An abdominal grid as defined in claim 1 wherein said intersecting horizontal and vertical wires ,or rods are formed of stainless steel.
4. A method of performing intrauterine fetal transfusions comprising:
a. Opacifying at least a portion of the of an opacifying agent into the amniotic fluid;
defined in claim 1;
0. Taking and developing X-rays of themo thers abdomen;
d. Locating on the X-rays the opacifying agent concentrated in the fetus and determining the agents position in relation to the grid; i
e. Penetrating the abdomen of the 'mother and the abdominal wall of the fetus with an injection needle; and
f. injecting a fluid through the injection needle into the fetus. i
5. The method claim 4 wherein said fluid is injected into the fetal peritoneal cavity.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein said injection needle is inserted into the abdominal cavity of the mother and positioned in the fetal peritoneal cavity, and including the step of passing a catheter into said fetal peritoneal cavity via said injection needle.
7. A method of locating a reference point for the insertion of a needle into a fetus comprising:
a. Opacifying at least a portion of the fetus by the injection of an opacifying agent into the amniotic fluid;
b. Placing on the mothers abdomen an X-ray opaque grid formed of a plurality of intersecting horizontal and vertical rods or wires which are secured to each other at the points of intersection and having an enlarged portion placed on at least one of said points of intersection for reference purposes;
0. Taking and developing X-rays of the mothers abdomen;
and
d. Locating on said X-rays said opacifying agent concentrated in said fetus and determining the agents position in relation to said grid.
fetus by the injection b. Placing on-the mothers abdomen-an abdominal grid as I
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Cited By (52)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3836776A (en) * 1973-03-01 1974-09-17 E Gullekson Three dimensional x-ray opaque foreign body marker device
US3848136A (en) * 1973-04-20 1974-11-12 L Seldin Application of dimension indicia to x-ray exposure
US3887804A (en) * 1973-12-03 1975-06-03 Us Health Radiographic test stand
US4007732A (en) * 1975-09-02 1977-02-15 Robert Carl Kvavle Method for location and removal of soft tissue in human biopsy operations
US4048507A (en) * 1976-02-11 1977-09-13 Gaston Alexis Neal De X-ray beam perpendicular finder
US4228796A (en) * 1979-03-19 1980-10-21 Gardiner Marie A Insulin injection guide
US4319136A (en) * 1979-11-09 1982-03-09 Jinkins J Randolph Computerized tomography radiograph data transfer cap
US4362157A (en) * 1981-02-18 1982-12-07 Keeth John D Template for locating hypodermic injection sites
US4563768A (en) * 1983-07-11 1986-01-07 University Of Virginia Alumni Patents Foundations Mamographic device using localized compression cone
US4642096A (en) * 1984-06-29 1987-02-10 Katz Harry R Position locating device and method for interstitial radiotherapy
US4691333A (en) * 1985-12-27 1987-09-01 Gabriele Joseph M Breast compression and needle localization apparatus
US4838265A (en) * 1985-05-24 1989-06-13 Cosman Eric R Localization device for probe placement under CT scanner imaging
US4915112A (en) * 1986-09-30 1990-04-10 The Children's Medical Center Corporation Radiographic measurement device
US4918715A (en) * 1989-05-01 1990-04-17 Webb Research Ii Corporation Image location marking devices for radiographs, method of making and methods of use
US4985019A (en) * 1988-03-11 1991-01-15 Michelson Gary K X-ray marker
US5105457A (en) * 1990-04-19 1992-04-14 Glassman Stuart L Mammograph x-ray grid
US5232452A (en) * 1991-12-13 1993-08-03 Beekley Corporation Radiology marker system and dispenser
US5260985A (en) * 1992-08-14 1993-11-09 Mosby Richard A Conforming localization/biopsy grid and control apparatus
US5306271A (en) * 1992-03-09 1994-04-26 Izi Corporation Radiation therapy skin markers
US5353804A (en) * 1990-09-18 1994-10-11 Peb Biopsy Corporation Method and device for percutaneous exisional breast biopsy
US5364361A (en) * 1993-10-26 1994-11-15 Battenfield Harold L Knee bursa draining template and cannulated needle for use therewith
US5383472A (en) * 1993-07-22 1995-01-24 Devlin; Mark T. Method and apparatus for handling of biopsy tissue specimen
US5419324A (en) * 1993-11-24 1995-05-30 Endovascular Technologies, Inc. Radiological marker board with movable indicators
US5634904A (en) * 1993-10-26 1997-06-03 Battenfield; Harold L. Universal template for knee injections
US5702128A (en) * 1996-07-18 1997-12-30 Beekley Corporation Radiographic marker system and method of making same
USRE36461E (en) * 1991-12-13 1999-12-21 Beekley Corporation Radiology marker system and dispenser
US6024723A (en) * 1999-03-04 2000-02-15 Cota; Joseph A. Reminder device for blood self-testing
US6396903B1 (en) * 2000-05-05 2002-05-28 Dakota David Wenstrup Reference grid for security equipment
WO2002068028A1 (en) * 2001-02-27 2002-09-06 Van Kaauwen Johannes Cornelius Injection guide for locating sites on a user's body
US20040116802A1 (en) * 2002-10-05 2004-06-17 Jessop Precision Products, Inc. Medical imaging marker
EP1493387A2 (en) * 2003-07-03 2005-01-05 Radi Medical Systems Ab Grid for use in CT-guided biopsy
US20050013850A1 (en) * 2003-07-15 2005-01-20 Caers Jan K. Device to assist hyperhydrosis therapy
US6892484B2 (en) 2000-10-13 2005-05-17 Mcginty James J. Apparatus and method for mammography film image viewing
US20050148935A1 (en) * 2003-12-29 2005-07-07 Rozalina Dimitrova Botulinum toxin injection guide
US20060065273A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-03-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. X-ray marker for medical drapes
US20060251220A1 (en) * 2005-05-06 2006-11-09 Young Matthew D Diagnostic kit, device, and method of using same
US20060257817A1 (en) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-16 Robert Shelton Dental implant placement locator and method of use
US7263159B2 (en) 1993-05-07 2007-08-28 Beekley Corporation Intermediate density marker and a method using such a marker for radiographic examination
WO2007136967A2 (en) * 2006-05-17 2007-11-29 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. Retrospective sorting of 4d ct into breathing phases based on geometric analysis of imaging fiducials
US20080194948A1 (en) * 2007-02-13 2008-08-14 Oliver Fleig Deformable marker device
US20080212871A1 (en) * 2007-02-13 2008-09-04 Lars Dohmen Determining a three-dimensional model of a rim of an anatomical structure
US20090176182A1 (en) * 2007-09-11 2009-07-09 Roberto Carrillo Fuentevilla Systems and processes for dental implant placement
US20090281493A1 (en) * 2008-05-08 2009-11-12 Karanzas Doreen A Self-injection guide tablet
US7853311B1 (en) * 1999-04-23 2010-12-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Surgical targeting system
US20110007871A1 (en) * 2009-07-13 2011-01-13 Voorhees R John Conveyer belt with optically visible and machine-detectable indicators
CN102125462A (en) * 2011-03-11 2011-07-20 四川大学华西医院 Tool for positioning surgical incision in combination with fluoroscopy
WO2013086115A1 (en) 2011-12-08 2013-06-13 Parker Laboratories, Inc. Biopsy grid
US8611504B2 (en) * 2011-08-19 2013-12-17 Orthogrid Systems, Llc Alignment plate apparatus and method of use
WO2013186738A3 (en) * 2012-06-15 2014-03-13 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Guided incision planning for endoscopic minimally invasive surgery
US20140259588A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-18 Pcc Structurals, Inc. Marking template for radiography
RU2602457C1 (en) * 2015-06-23 2016-11-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Дальневосточный государственный медицинский университет" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (ФГБОУ ВО ДВГМУ Минздрава России) Device for non-invasive precision topical diagnosis of radiopaque foreign matters in soft tissues of human
US20200121271A1 (en) * 2018-05-01 2020-04-23 Randall Paul Davis Medical Grid with Bar Codes

Cited By (80)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3836776A (en) * 1973-03-01 1974-09-17 E Gullekson Three dimensional x-ray opaque foreign body marker device
US3848136A (en) * 1973-04-20 1974-11-12 L Seldin Application of dimension indicia to x-ray exposure
US3887804A (en) * 1973-12-03 1975-06-03 Us Health Radiographic test stand
US4007732A (en) * 1975-09-02 1977-02-15 Robert Carl Kvavle Method for location and removal of soft tissue in human biopsy operations
US4048507A (en) * 1976-02-11 1977-09-13 Gaston Alexis Neal De X-ray beam perpendicular finder
US4228796A (en) * 1979-03-19 1980-10-21 Gardiner Marie A Insulin injection guide
US4319136A (en) * 1979-11-09 1982-03-09 Jinkins J Randolph Computerized tomography radiograph data transfer cap
US4362157A (en) * 1981-02-18 1982-12-07 Keeth John D Template for locating hypodermic injection sites
US4563768A (en) * 1983-07-11 1986-01-07 University Of Virginia Alumni Patents Foundations Mamographic device using localized compression cone
US4642096A (en) * 1984-06-29 1987-02-10 Katz Harry R Position locating device and method for interstitial radiotherapy
US4838265A (en) * 1985-05-24 1989-06-13 Cosman Eric R Localization device for probe placement under CT scanner imaging
US4691333A (en) * 1985-12-27 1987-09-01 Gabriele Joseph M Breast compression and needle localization apparatus
US4915112A (en) * 1986-09-30 1990-04-10 The Children's Medical Center Corporation Radiographic measurement device
US4985019A (en) * 1988-03-11 1991-01-15 Michelson Gary K X-ray marker
US4918715A (en) * 1989-05-01 1990-04-17 Webb Research Ii Corporation Image location marking devices for radiographs, method of making and methods of use
US5105457A (en) * 1990-04-19 1992-04-14 Glassman Stuart L Mammograph x-ray grid
US5353804A (en) * 1990-09-18 1994-10-11 Peb Biopsy Corporation Method and device for percutaneous exisional breast biopsy
US5232452A (en) * 1991-12-13 1993-08-03 Beekley Corporation Radiology marker system and dispenser
USRE36461E (en) * 1991-12-13 1999-12-21 Beekley Corporation Radiology marker system and dispenser
US5306271A (en) * 1992-03-09 1994-04-26 Izi Corporation Radiation therapy skin markers
US5260985A (en) * 1992-08-14 1993-11-09 Mosby Richard A Conforming localization/biopsy grid and control apparatus
US7263159B2 (en) 1993-05-07 2007-08-28 Beekley Corporation Intermediate density marker and a method using such a marker for radiographic examination
US5383472A (en) * 1993-07-22 1995-01-24 Devlin; Mark T. Method and apparatus for handling of biopsy tissue specimen
US5364361A (en) * 1993-10-26 1994-11-15 Battenfield Harold L Knee bursa draining template and cannulated needle for use therewith
US5634904A (en) * 1993-10-26 1997-06-03 Battenfield; Harold L. Universal template for knee injections
US5419324A (en) * 1993-11-24 1995-05-30 Endovascular Technologies, Inc. Radiological marker board with movable indicators
US5702128A (en) * 1996-07-18 1997-12-30 Beekley Corporation Radiographic marker system and method of making same
US6024723A (en) * 1999-03-04 2000-02-15 Cota; Joseph A. Reminder device for blood self-testing
US7853311B1 (en) * 1999-04-23 2010-12-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Surgical targeting system
US6396903B1 (en) * 2000-05-05 2002-05-28 Dakota David Wenstrup Reference grid for security equipment
US6892484B2 (en) 2000-10-13 2005-05-17 Mcginty James J. Apparatus and method for mammography film image viewing
WO2002068028A1 (en) * 2001-02-27 2002-09-06 Van Kaauwen Johannes Cornelius Injection guide for locating sites on a user's body
US20040153031A1 (en) * 2001-02-27 2004-08-05 Van Kaauwen Johannes Cornelius Theodorus Injection guide for locating sites on a user's body
US20040116802A1 (en) * 2002-10-05 2004-06-17 Jessop Precision Products, Inc. Medical imaging marker
US20050004581A1 (en) * 2003-07-03 2005-01-06 Radi Medical Systems Ab Grid for guided operations
EP1493387A3 (en) * 2003-07-03 2005-03-02 Radi Medical Systems Ab Grid for use in CT-guided biopsy
EP1493387A2 (en) * 2003-07-03 2005-01-05 Radi Medical Systems Ab Grid for use in CT-guided biopsy
US7086172B2 (en) * 2003-07-03 2006-08-08 Radi Medical Systems Ab Grid for guided operations
AU2004202432B2 (en) * 2003-07-03 2008-11-13 Radi Medical Devices Ab Grid for use in CT-guided biopsy
US20050013850A1 (en) * 2003-07-15 2005-01-20 Caers Jan K. Device to assist hyperhydrosis therapy
WO2005007225A1 (en) * 2003-07-15 2005-01-27 Allergan, Inc. Device to assist hyperhydrosis therapy
US20050148935A1 (en) * 2003-12-29 2005-07-07 Rozalina Dimitrova Botulinum toxin injection guide
US20060065273A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-03-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. X-ray marker for medical drapes
US20060251220A1 (en) * 2005-05-06 2006-11-09 Young Matthew D Diagnostic kit, device, and method of using same
US7508919B2 (en) * 2005-05-06 2009-03-24 Young Matthew D Diagnostic kit, device, and method of using same
US8215957B2 (en) * 2005-05-12 2012-07-10 Robert Shelton Dental implant placement locator and method of use
US20060257817A1 (en) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-16 Robert Shelton Dental implant placement locator and method of use
WO2007136967A2 (en) * 2006-05-17 2007-11-29 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. Retrospective sorting of 4d ct into breathing phases based on geometric analysis of imaging fiducials
US20090116719A1 (en) * 2006-05-17 2009-05-07 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N. V. Retrospective sorting of 4d ct into breathing phases based on geometric analysis of imaging fiducials
WO2007136967A3 (en) * 2006-05-17 2008-05-02 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Retrospective sorting of 4d ct into breathing phases based on geometric analysis of imaging fiducials
RU2454966C2 (en) * 2006-05-17 2012-07-10 Конинклейке Филипс Электроникс, Н.В. Retrospective sorting 4d ct by phases of respiration on basis of geometric analysis of support points of image formation
US8160675B2 (en) 2006-05-17 2012-04-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Retrospective sorting of 4D CT into breathing phases based on geometric analysis of imaging fiducials
US8175675B2 (en) 2007-02-13 2012-05-08 Brainlab Ag Deformable marker device
US20080212871A1 (en) * 2007-02-13 2008-09-04 Lars Dohmen Determining a three-dimensional model of a rim of an anatomical structure
EP1958585A1 (en) * 2007-02-13 2008-08-20 BrainLAB AG Mutatable marker device
US20080194948A1 (en) * 2007-02-13 2008-08-14 Oliver Fleig Deformable marker device
US20090176182A1 (en) * 2007-09-11 2009-07-09 Roberto Carrillo Fuentevilla Systems and processes for dental implant placement
US8408898B2 (en) * 2007-09-11 2013-04-02 Roberto Carrillo Fuentevilla Systems and processes for dental implant placement
US8021150B2 (en) * 2007-09-11 2011-09-20 Roberto Carrillo Method for dental implant placement
US20120094248A1 (en) * 2007-09-11 2012-04-19 Roberto Carrillo Fuentevilla Systems and processes for dental implant placement
US7713234B2 (en) 2008-05-08 2010-05-11 Karanzas Doreen A Self-injection guide tablet
US20090281493A1 (en) * 2008-05-08 2009-11-12 Karanzas Doreen A Self-injection guide tablet
US20110007871A1 (en) * 2009-07-13 2011-01-13 Voorhees R John Conveyer belt with optically visible and machine-detectable indicators
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