US3545811A - Reinforced rotating head for a tunnel boring machine - Google Patents

Reinforced rotating head for a tunnel boring machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3545811A
US3545811A US776644A US3545811DA US3545811A US 3545811 A US3545811 A US 3545811A US 776644 A US776644 A US 776644A US 3545811D A US3545811D A US 3545811DA US 3545811 A US3545811 A US 3545811A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
head
cutter
boring
brackets
rotating head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US776644A
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English (en)
Inventor
Marcel Montacie
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BLANZY OUEST UNION INDLE
UNION IND BLANZY OUEST
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BLANZY OUEST UNION INDLE
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Publication of US3545811A publication Critical patent/US3545811A/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
    • E21D9/112—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines by means of one single rotary head or of concentric rotary heads
    • E21D9/115—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines by means of one single rotary head or of concentric rotary heads with cutting tools mounted pivotably or slidable on the head
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/08—Roller bits
    • E21B10/10—Roller bits with roller axle supported at both ends
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/08—Roller bits
    • E21B10/12—Roller bits with discs cutters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/08—Roller bits
    • E21B10/20—Roller bits characterised by detachable or adjustable parts, e.g. legs or axles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
    • E21B10/28—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with non-expansible roller cutters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/1006—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools
    • E21D9/104—Cutting tool fixtures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
    • E21D9/112—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines by means of one single rotary head or of concentric rotary heads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotating head for a continuous tunnel boring machine and is concerned more particularly with a more rigid reinforced head for heavy duty use, and t of the method of fixing toolson the latter to facilitate their subsequent'dis'mounting for more frequent replacement of said tools, particularly those situated at the periphery where the wear is more rapid. It is also'concerned with the mounting of the head on the front of the machine, whereby, because of the separation of the high axial forces and radial forces to which it is subjected, ensures a longer effective life for the bearings'whic'h absorb such forces.
  • the method of mounting the peripheral tool holders on anindividual oscillating shaft permits these to be lowered one by one, according to' the maintenance requirement.
  • peripheral tool holders with the waste-collecting troughs involve troublesome interdependence of the two parts, which is simultaneously harmful to a good attack on the workin'glface by the cutter and to the suitable collection of the waste 'material.
  • This invention consists in welding to the periphery of the boring head a series of radial, parallel brackets for reinforcing and rigidifying the head and for' mounting the peripheral tool holders, each'in one of'the said pairs of brackets. Some of these latter receive a collecting trough in parallel relation and independently of the corresponding tool holder. In this way, the tool holders are more rigid and the troughs are better disposed, and the independence of the two parts requires only the defective part to be replaced.
  • the present invention comprises a reinforced rotating head for a machine used in the continuous boring of tunnels. It includes a cylindrical sleeve he'ld'between two coaxial discs, the front disc carrying the tools for attacking the working face, under the combined effect of the rotation of the said head and of a thrust exerted along the said axis, and is characterized in that brackets welded radially to the exterior of the said sleeve reinforce the structure of the latter, and further serve both for fixing the peripheral tool holders, according to their proper inclinations, and for fixing the collecting troughs.
  • the head is mounted for turning movement at the front of the body of the machine by interposition of tworoller bearings and a stop disposed axially of the machine, respectively supporting the radial. forces and the axial forces to which it is subjected.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial longitudinal section of a boring head of this invention mounted on its support.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of the boring head of FIG. 1 before mounting the tools.
  • the boring head (F IG.. 1) is essentially formed by a sleeve I held between two plates, which are respectively the front plate 2 and the rear plate 3.
  • the parts I, 2 and 3 are on the one hand made of thick sheet metal while, on the other hand, brackets 4 are disposed regularly on the periphery of the sleeve 1 and are welded both to the latter and to the plate 3, and on the ring 5 extending the plate 2 externally of the sleeve 1.
  • the front plate 2 (FIGS. 1 and 2) carries, in combination with the-ring 5, the central tools comprising at the center a tricone 6 and then, distributed radially and angularly at the same time, cutters 7 which are mounted on their respective supports called central tool; holders, two of them (8 and 9) being shown in FIG. 1.
  • the tricone is also mounted on a carrier component 10.
  • the tricone holder 10 is centered by being seated and bolted to the plate 2'.
  • 'A conical recessed seating 13 is machined on the front face of the tricone holder 10 and this receives the conical projectingportion 14 on the tricone.
  • a key interposed between the two parts of this connection prevents any rotation of one part relatively to the other, while their mutual fixing is effected by at least three bolts respectively arranged in thespaces left free between the boring cones 15. l
  • this tricone in two parts facilitates the changing of the latter'when it is worn.
  • the known tricone for petroleum drilling with a-threaded rear part and used hitherto in underground drilling operations was particularly difficult to remove because of the lack of space inside a gallery for the positioning and maneuvering of the lever arm providing the high torque necessary for the loosening operation.
  • the longitudinal section (FIG. 3) of the working face, along a plane passing through the axis of rotation of the boring head, is shown in the form of a curve 15 passing by the ends of the straight arrowheaded lines, such as 20.
  • the position of each straight line represents the inclination relatively to the axis of rotation of the cutting plane of each corresponding cutter when the axis of rotation of these latter cutters, 'during the rotation of the head, is in the plane of the said section and the end of the arrow then represents the point of contact of the cutter with the working face.
  • the six straight lines bearing the references 16 to 21 show the inclinations of the planes of symmetry'of the. six central cutters which, by
  • holes 11 for the tricone carrier holders are formed in the plate their position combined with'that of the tricone 6, of which the points of contact (not shown) with the section 15 would be situated below the line 16, thus ensure the rectilinear part of the section 15, that is to say, ensure a plane and central circular part for the working face.
  • the central tool holders (FIG. 4) are cut from a solid. They comprise a trued base22 that they can be fixed by Two bearings 24 and 25 receive the shaft 26, around which the cutter 7 turns freely.
  • the bearing caps 27 are formed of flat metal plates which are shaped by pressing and each of them carries a stud 28 which, on assembly, extends into a corresponding hole 29 in the shaft so as to prevent the latter from turning. The tightening of the bearing caps on their support is effected by intermediate parts 30.
  • the angle 31 of the trued plane of the base relative to the plane 32 before trueing as shown in broken lines is equal to the angle which is made by the cutting plane of the cutter 7 with the axis of rotation of the head, that is to say, it is equal to that of the arrowheaded straight line corresponding with the axis of rotation of the boring head.
  • the inclination ofa cutter with a central support is thus obtained, once and for all, in manufacture, while its position on the boring head is achieved 'at the time of assembly, by means of a central hole 33 formed in the base of the central tool holder which is caused to coincide with the corresponding hole 12 of the front face of the head (FIG. 2).
  • a thick disc is shaped for this purpose and forms a key between the two parts.
  • the final orientation of the cutter is then obtained by causing the axis of the corresponding shaft 26 of the cutter to meet the axis ofrotation ofthe boring head.
  • the peripheral tool holders 34 (FIG. I and HO.
  • the hole 35 receives a pivot spindle bearing on the corresponding holes of the two parallel brackets 4 supporting the tool holder 34 and permits the latter to be easily inclined towards the center for changing a cutter 7 when it is worn.
  • hole 36 serves for the introduction of a spindle for fixing the cutter 7 after the latter has been adjusted to the required inclination.
  • the inclination (FlG. 3)of eight peripheral cutters is shown by the .arrowheaded straight lines 38 to 45.
  • a peripheral tool holder 34 for oscillation about its spindle fitted in the hole 35 and adjusting the cutter 7 to the required inclination holes coaxial with and of the same diameter as the hole 36 are cut in the brackets 4.
  • a cylindrical pin of required diameter is then introduced into the series of holes as thus drilled in order to maintain the adjustment ofthe cutter 7.
  • the eight peripheral cutters are distributed in such a way as to prolong the rectilinear part of the longitudinal section'l5 of the tunnel by an arc ofa circle, centered on the pivot axis of the peripheral tool holders, that is to say, on the center of the hole 35.
  • the eight peripheral tool holders rest on eight pairs of parallel brackets 4 (FIG; 2).
  • waste collecting troughs 46 which are each fixed on two parallel brackets 4.
  • the troughs which are four in number, are regularly arranged, both the peripheral tool holders behind the least inclined of them, and the bracket of each pair of trough-carrying brackets, situated in front in the direction of rotation of the boring head, has a rectangular opening 47 facilitating the entry of the rock waste; this waste, as the trough passes through its top position, traverses the hole 48 formed in the sleeve 1 between the brackets 4 perpendicularly of the said trough and drops into a chain conveyor, of which the framework 49 is used for reinforcing the structure of the support in front ofthe boring head.
  • the boring head is a rigid structure, of which all the parts are welded, except the front plate 2, which is assembled by being machined to size and fixed on the sleeve by anchor bolts (not shown), which are screwed into the-tapped holes 50.
  • the head is driven in rotation by an internally toothed ring 51 fixed to the rear of the said head on the plate 3 by bolts screwed into the tapped holes 52.
  • the boring head rests on the front of the machine by means of two coaxial cylindrical roller bearings defining the axis of rotation thereof.
  • the first bearing of relatively'small dimensions, is disposed in front.
  • the movable inside race '55 of the latter is fixed to the rear of the tricone holding part 10, while the fixed external race 56 is held on the disc 57, forming the front of the machine structure, by means of a ring 58 welded on the latter.
  • the second roller bearing 54 of a larger diameter than the diameter of the first bearing, is disposed at the rear ofthe boring head: its movable inner race 59 rests in a seating machined on the outside of the toothed wheel 51, while its fixed external race 60 is seated in a shoulder of the plate 62 of the fixed structure of the machine.
  • the external race 60 also serves as a stop ring fixed to the axial abutment 62 of large diametei ahd with cylindrical rollers bearing on the other side against a movable ring 63 incontact with the plate 3 of the boring head and tttthsmitth 'gthe thrust being exerted on the latter duringthe boringoperation.
  • a counter-abutment 64 disposed at the front in the vicinityuof the bearing 53 ensures, that the said head is held inposition when the latter is not in contact with the working face, that. is
  • the hard friction joint 68 while participating in the oil tightness of the foregoing system, eliminates the dust resulting from the dropping through .the orifices 48 of the waste material transported by the troughs 46 and transferred by chain conveyor (not shown) to the rear of the fixed structure, the illustration of which has ended just after the plate 69.
  • the number of pairs of brackets corresponding to the number of peripheral tools can be modified while maintaining the regularity of the longitudinal profile 15 of the working face and without the reaction of the latter on the boring head being spaced from the immediate ,vicinity of the axis of rotation thereof.
  • the improvement comprising: circumferentiallyspaced, a radial brackets welded to the outside ofsaid outside surface of said sleeve anindividual, identical peripheral tool holders and collecting troughs fixed to respective brackets.
  • bearings comprise roller bearings
  • said head further comprises means including the fixed outerv race of the'rear roller bearing defining an axial abutment ring.
  • the rotating head as claimed in claim 1 further comprising means coupled to the rear plate for rotationally driving I wherein said brackets comprise radial plates carrying spaced holes therein, said peripheral tool holders comprise plates lation of said tool holder with respect to said bracket and said having similarly placed holes, and said tool holders and said head further include a pin extending through aligned holes of said tool holder and saidbracket for defining the axis of oscilother aligned holes carrya bolt for locking said tool holder in the required angular position on said radial bracket.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
US776644A 1967-11-17 1968-11-18 Reinforced rotating head for a tunnel boring machine Expired - Lifetime US3545811A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR128753 1967-11-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3545811A true US3545811A (en) 1970-12-08

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US776644A Expired - Lifetime US3545811A (en) 1967-11-17 1968-11-18 Reinforced rotating head for a tunnel boring machine

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3545811A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE723417A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH485915A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE1817806A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES360362A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1553002A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1238369A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6816282A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE340434B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3734213A (en) * 1971-02-02 1973-05-22 Kennametal Inc Rotary cutter for excavation, especially for use with raise boring and tunnel boring machines
US3750772A (en) * 1971-06-28 1973-08-07 Mcdonnell P Ltd Rotary cutters
US3756332A (en) * 1971-11-01 1973-09-04 Robbins Co Disc type center cutter for a boring machine
US4302054A (en) * 1978-12-15 1981-11-24 Coal Industry (Patents) Limited Cutter unit assemblies for excavating machines and to excavating machines including cutter unit assemblies
EP0406195A1 (en) * 1989-06-30 1991-01-02 Atlas Copco Construction and Mining Technique AB Tunnel boring machine
EP0704600A3 (de) * 1994-10-01 1997-06-11 Wirth Co Kg Masch Bohr Verfahren und Arbeitskopf zum Erzeugen einer Profilvergrösserung beim Einsatz von Vortriebsmaschinen
US5662387A (en) * 1995-11-08 1997-09-02 Bartkowiak; James A. Cutter head and method for mining hard rock
DE29905981U1 (de) * 1999-04-09 2000-08-31 Wirth Maschinen- und Bohrgeräte-Fabrik GmbH, 41812 Erkelenz Vorrichtung zum Vortreiben von Strecken, Tunneln o.dgl.
FR2849662A1 (fr) * 2003-01-08 2004-07-09 Cie Du Sol Tambour pour fraise utilisable notamment pour la realisation de tranchees verticales dans des sols durs ou tres durs
US20070251730A1 (en) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-01 Barbera Anthony R Collapsible rock head
US20110209921A1 (en) * 2010-02-26 2011-09-01 Barbera James S Collapsible rock head and associated structure
CN102268997A (zh) * 2011-06-28 2011-12-07 华北电力大学 全断面隧道掘进机刀盘上盘形滚刀正刀的防崩刃安装方法
CN109973102A (zh) * 2019-04-23 2019-07-05 马鞍山灵山机械设备科技有限公司 一种盘形滚刀的安装结构

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4413235C2 (de) * 1994-04-15 1999-04-29 Voest Alpine Tunneltechnik Gmb Tunnelbohrmaschine bzw. Rohrvortriebsmaschine
DE19625783A1 (de) * 1996-06-27 1998-01-02 Bayer Ag Komplexe, die Tris-(hydroxyalkyl)-phosphane als Liganden enthalten, für Telomerisationen, als Katalysatoren und neue Tris-(hydroxyalkyl)-phosphane enthaltende Komplexe
DE10150685B4 (de) * 2001-10-17 2007-06-14 Wirth Maschinen- und Bohrgeräte-Fabrik GmbH Arbeitskopf mit veränderbarem Schneidabstand der Schneidrollen für eine Vorrichtung zum Vortreiben von Strecken, Tunneln oder dergleichen
CN102080544A (zh) * 2010-12-09 2011-06-01 湖南工程学院 深海钴结壳高速切削方法及装置

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3734213A (en) * 1971-02-02 1973-05-22 Kennametal Inc Rotary cutter for excavation, especially for use with raise boring and tunnel boring machines
US3750772A (en) * 1971-06-28 1973-08-07 Mcdonnell P Ltd Rotary cutters
US3756332A (en) * 1971-11-01 1973-09-04 Robbins Co Disc type center cutter for a boring machine
US4302054A (en) * 1978-12-15 1981-11-24 Coal Industry (Patents) Limited Cutter unit assemblies for excavating machines and to excavating machines including cutter unit assemblies
EP0406195A1 (en) * 1989-06-30 1991-01-02 Atlas Copco Construction and Mining Technique AB Tunnel boring machine
EP0704600A3 (de) * 1994-10-01 1997-06-11 Wirth Co Kg Masch Bohr Verfahren und Arbeitskopf zum Erzeugen einer Profilvergrösserung beim Einsatz von Vortriebsmaschinen
US5662387A (en) * 1995-11-08 1997-09-02 Bartkowiak; James A. Cutter head and method for mining hard rock
DE29905981U1 (de) * 1999-04-09 2000-08-31 Wirth Maschinen- und Bohrgeräte-Fabrik GmbH, 41812 Erkelenz Vorrichtung zum Vortreiben von Strecken, Tunneln o.dgl.
FR2849662A1 (fr) * 2003-01-08 2004-07-09 Cie Du Sol Tambour pour fraise utilisable notamment pour la realisation de tranchees verticales dans des sols durs ou tres durs
EP1437445A1 (fr) * 2003-01-08 2004-07-14 Compagnie Du Sol Tambour de fraise pour la réalisation de tranchées verticales
US20040172857A1 (en) * 2003-01-08 2004-09-09 Compagnie Du Sol Drum for an excavator that can be used in particular for the production of vertical trenches in hard of very hard soils
US6944977B2 (en) 2003-01-08 2005-09-20 Compagnie Du Sol Drum for an excavator that can be used in particular for the production of vertical trenches in hard or very hard soils
US20070251730A1 (en) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-01 Barbera Anthony R Collapsible rock head
US7367412B2 (en) * 2006-04-26 2008-05-06 Barbera Anthony R Collapsible rock head
US20110209921A1 (en) * 2010-02-26 2011-09-01 Barbera James S Collapsible rock head and associated structure
US8567530B2 (en) 2010-02-26 2013-10-29 James S. Barbera Collapsible rock head and associated structure
CN102268997A (zh) * 2011-06-28 2011-12-07 华北电力大学 全断面隧道掘进机刀盘上盘形滚刀正刀的防崩刃安装方法
CN102268997B (zh) * 2011-06-28 2013-07-31 华北电力大学 全断面隧道掘进机刀盘上盘形滚刀正刀的防崩刃安装方法
CN109973102A (zh) * 2019-04-23 2019-07-05 马鞍山灵山机械设备科技有限公司 一种盘形滚刀的安装结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES360362A1 (es) 1970-10-01
DE1809552A1 (de) 1969-08-21
CH485915A (fr) 1970-02-15
FR1553002A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-01-10
DE1817806A1 (de) 1971-10-21
NL6816282A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-05-20
SE340434B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-11-22
BE723417A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-05-06
GB1238369A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-07-07

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