US3544092A - Rotary kiln chain - Google Patents

Rotary kiln chain Download PDF

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Publication number
US3544092A
US3544092A US756815A US3544092DA US3544092A US 3544092 A US3544092 A US 3544092A US 756815 A US756815 A US 756815A US 3544092D A US3544092D A US 3544092DA US 3544092 A US3544092 A US 3544092A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
chain
links
link
kiln
rotary kiln
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US756815A
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English (en)
Inventor
Frank J Boron
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AMALLOY CORP A CORP OF NJ
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Abex Corp
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Assigned to CHEMICAL BANK reassignment CHEMICAL BANK SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: AMALLOY CORP., A N.J. CORP.
Assigned to CHEMICAL BANK, A CORP. OF NY reassignment CHEMICAL BANK, A CORP. OF NY SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: AMALLOY CORPORATION
Assigned to AMALLOY CORP., A CORP. OF NJ reassignment AMALLOY CORP., A CORP. OF NJ ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: ABEX CORPORATION
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/14—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge
    • F27B7/16—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means
    • F27B7/166—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means the means comprising chains

Definitions

  • This invention relates in general to a rotary kiln, and more particularly to chain employed as a heat transfer means in a rotary kiln, and still more particularly to rotary kiln chain hav ing a cross-sectional shape that minimizes material buildup and maintains continued, efficient heat transfer capability.
  • the chain of the present invention is employed in rotary kilns used in the manufacture of cement and like products, and for the purpose .of transferring heat to the material being treated.
  • a wet, raw material may be fed into the inlet end of a rotary kiln that is rotated slowly about its axis, and which is disposed at a slight incline downwardly toward the delivery end.
  • the chain is suspended within the kiln in any desired manner, and heated gases are directed into the delivery end of the kiln to transfer heat to the chain, which, in turn, during rotation'of the kiln, comes into contact with the wet, raw material and transfers heat to the material.
  • each link is somewhat flat and is formed to provide nearly complete contact along its axial dimension with another link for the stated purpose being to minimize wear caused by interengagement of adjacent links.
  • This structure has been objectionable in that undesirable material buildup is experienced, and which is detrimental to efficient kiln operation. The buildup is such that the links become partially or fully plugged, thereby impeding gas flow through the chain section, and ultimately causing production problems. Material buildup also reduced the heat transfer capability of the links due to the insulating properties oflinks covered with material.
  • the chain of the present invention obviates the above difficulties by providing a structure that eliminates or substantially eliminates material buildup by enabling better cleaning action between links, thereby maintaining effective and efficient gas flow through the chain section. Further, by maintaining the links substantially clean, because of the more efficient cleaning action established, the heat transfer properties of the links are utilized to their fullest.
  • the chain of the present invention includes connected links, wherein each link is provided with a uniform cross-sectional shape throughout the circumference thereof.
  • One of the axial or radial thicknesses of the link cross-sectional shape is substantially greater than the other of the axial or radial thicknesses. More efficient cleaning action is obtained by forming the inner surface of the link to define minimal engaging contact with another link, thereby enhancing self-cleaning as the links move relative each other minimizing material buildup between links.
  • the axial thickness is greater than the radial thickness and the inner surface is V- shaped, so that a relatively knife edge contact is established between adjacent links.
  • the radial thickness of the link cross-sectional shape is substantially greater than the axial thickness, thereby automatically minimizing the relativeengaging contact between links. In this latter embodiment, it has also been found that the pull strength is materially increased.
  • Another object of this invention is in the provision'of chain for rotary kiln having a more efficient cleaning action between links, thereby maintaining the heat transfer ability throughout 7 its life, and'throughout its operation in a kiln, and to enable efficient gas flow through the chain section.
  • a further object of this invention resides in the provision of rotary kiln chain having the inner, engaging surface formed to facilitate cleaning action and to provide minimal, engaging contact between links.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical, sectional view taken through a rotary kiln and illustrating one section of chain suspended within the kiln;
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of several links of chain constructed in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a view of several links of chain, illustrating some of the links in section and one link in plant to illustrate the interaction between links;
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of several links of chain illustrating modifications of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a view of the chain of FIG. 4, illustrating some links in section and one link in plan to show the interconnection and engagement of the links.
  • FIG. 1 An exemplary kiln within which the kiln chain of the present invention would be employed as a heat-exchanging element is illustrated in FIG. 1, and is generally indicated by the numeral 10.
  • This kiln is of the rotary type that would have a large diameter and an extremely long length, depending upon the particular installation.
  • the kiln would be suitably supported for rotary movement about its axis, and be powered to rotate at a slow speed.
  • the kiln would be inclined downwardly from the inlet end to the discharge end.
  • chain sections may be secured in any other fashion, such as solely from one end of the section.
  • the present invention relates primarily to the cross-sectional shape of chain which enhances the efficiency during its use in a kiln, so that it can maintain a high and desired production output, as well as enhancing its life to reduce the chain costs involved in a kiln. While the embodiments illustrated show links of particular construction, it should be appreciated that the present invention could also be applied to links of other configurations.
  • circular link design is most preferable on the basis that it is self-cleaning, and wears evenly, because it can rotate, and has the least tendency to entangle.
  • some circular link chain such as that shown in the aforesaid U.S. Pat. No. 3,281,134 has been objectionable because of material buildup, which interferes with the efficiency of kiln operation.
  • material buildup can result in plugged chain that interferes with th heated gas flowthrough the chain section, thereby causing production problems. For example, interfering of gas flow through any section might result in overheating of chain in another section, which would have a detrimental effect on chain life.
  • circular links 12 are sized so that with respect to the cross-sectional shape the axial width of each link is substantially greater than the radial width, just as the chain link in the aforesaid patent.
  • the inner surface of each link is formed to produce point or knife edge engagement between successive links, which engagement provides a cleaning action that substantially if not completely eliminates material buildup between links.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the inner surface of each link is substantially V-shaped and includes fiat surfaces 13 and 14, which define at the junction a relatively sharp or knife edge 15, that is located along a central plane extending through each link.
  • the flat surfaces are continuous relative to the circumferential character of each link, and, therefore, annular.
  • the outer surface 16 is arcuate and smooth, and formed by an arc having a radius about equal to the radius of the inner diameter of the link. This outer surface is connected at each of its ends by arcuate end faces 17 and 18 to the flat faces 13 and 14.
  • the links 12 will change position, as the chain condition transforms from-slack to tight or suspended condition, so that bearing contact with an adjacent link will vary along the knife edge 15.
  • the knife edge of one link will engage the knife edge of an adjacent link.
  • This relatively sharp edge contact and the normal movement of the links relative to each other will produce an effecient cleaning action, so as to substantially, if not completely eliminate material buildup on the chain. Buildup will be efficiently eliminated between chain links at the bearing contact engaging faces, and will also be eliminated at the outer surfaces of the links by virtue of when the chain goes slack, the inner surfaces of some links will engage the outer surfaces of other links.
  • This efficient cleaning action will, by preventing material buildup, maintain the chain links open and unplugged, thereby utilizing the gas flow in the chain section. Moreover, the maintaining of the links in substantially clean condition will enable substantially complete use of the heat transfer surface on the links. Overall, the, chain of the present invention will facilitate efficient operation of a kiln,-and enhances chain life.
  • While the chain of the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3 may have any desired size and weight, and may be constructed in any desirable manner, it is preferably cast of an alloy steel having the following approximate dimensions.
  • Each link would have an outside diameter of 45/ 16 inches and an inside diameter of 3 inches and have a radial width of twenty one -thirty two seconds inch and an axial width of 1 9/32 inches. This would produce a link that would have an estimated weight of 2.12 pounds.
  • the chain weight per foot would be about 8.48 pounds, while the surface area per link would equal 34.46 square inches.
  • FIGS. 4 and S Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 4 and S that is constructed to perform the same efficient cleaning action on a chain as the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the link of this embodiment is generally identified as 12A.
  • Each link 12A is circular and includes an inner surface 20 of arcuate shape for bearing engagement with the inner surfaces of adjacent links defined by a radius that is substantially smaller than the inner radius of the link, an outer surface 21 of arcuate shape and of the same shape as the inner surface 20, and arcuate interconnecting end faces 22 and 23.
  • the interconnecting end faces 22 and 23 are substantially flat and the cross-sectional shape is such that the radial width is substantially greater than the axial width.
  • the cross-sectional shape is symmetrical in form.
  • the inner surface 20 is formed so that it defines with an adjacent link minimal engaging contact as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the size and weight of the chain of this embodiment maybe according to the needs of the kiln, but a size and weight that is comparable to that of the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3 will provide substantially the same weight per link and substantially the same heat transfer surface.
  • the outer diameter of each link would be 5 6 inches while the inner diameter would be 3 inches.
  • the axial width of a cross section would be .670 inches while the radial width would be about 1 H16 inches.
  • a link of this size would have an estimated weight of 2.02 pounds, while a chain with links of this type would weight about 8.08 pounds per foot.
  • the surface area of each link would be about 35.61 square inches.
  • this chain is turned relative to the cross-sectional shape of the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • this chain may be made in any suitable manner, such as by casting from alloy steel.
  • the chain of the present invention will enable efficient and long-life operation of a kiln by minimizing material buildup, while providing maximum heat transfer with minimum weight.
  • Rotary kiln chain comprising, connected links, each link having a uniform, cross-sectional shape throughout, said link cross'sectional shape throughout, said link cross-sectional shape having an axial thickness and a radial thickness as taken relative the link center and a medial plane extending therethrough, one of said thicknesses being substantially greater than the other, and the inner surface of said link crosssectional shape being formed to provide substantially single point and minimal engaging contact with an adjacent link, thereby enhancing the cleaning action between links and minimizing material buildup.
  • Rotary kiln chain comprising, connected links, each link having a uniform'cross-sectiona] shape throughout, said link cross-sectional shape having an axial thickness and a radial thickness as taken relative the link center and a medial plane extending therethrough,'said axial thickness being substantially greater than said radial thickness, and the inner surface of said link cross-sectional shape being formed to provide minimal engaging contact with an adjacent link thereby enhancing the cleaning action between links and minimizing material buildup.
  • Rotary kiln chain comprising connected, substantially circular links having a uniform cross-sectional shape throughout the circumference thereof and a dimension in a direction transverse the planes of the links substantially greater than the thickness thereof within said planes, and the inner bearing surface of said links being formed to provide substantially point contact therebetween, whereby the bearing contact substantially eliminates material buildup at the inner surfaces.
  • Rotary kiln chain as defined in claim 8, wherein said inner surface if V-shaped to provide a substantial knife bearing surface.
  • Rotary kiln chain comprising connected substantially circular links having a uniform cross sectional shape through the circumference thereof with arcuate inner and outer surfaces, said cross-sectional shape having a dimension in a direction transverse to the planes of the links substantially more narrow than the thickness thereof with in said planes thereof, and the inner surface being formed with a radius substantially smaller than the plane radius of the links to define

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
US756815A 1968-09-03 1968-09-03 Rotary kiln chain Expired - Lifetime US3544092A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US75681568A 1968-09-03 1968-09-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3544092A true US3544092A (en) 1970-12-01

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US756815A Expired - Lifetime US3544092A (en) 1968-09-03 1968-09-03 Rotary kiln chain

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US3544092A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1925835B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2017224A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1238393A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD558634S1 (en) * 2006-04-03 2008-01-01 Hermes Sellier Chain link
USD592091S1 (en) * 2008-03-25 2009-05-12 Hermes Sellier (Societe Par Actions Simplifiee) Chain
US8172448B1 (en) * 2009-09-03 2012-05-08 Astec, Inc. Method and apparatus for adapting asphalt dryer/mixer to minimize asphalt build-up
WO2014033646A2 (en) 2012-08-28 2014-03-06 Fundacion Universidad Del Norte Heat transfer chain with elliptical section wire links for high durability and enhanced heat transfer in temporary operation

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8628369D0 (en) * 1986-11-27 1986-12-31 Wheyway Watson Cm Ltd Chain
RU2425316C1 (ru) * 2009-11-02 2011-07-27 Александр Сергеевич Зубачев Цепь для цепной завесы вращающейся печи
RU2486386C1 (ru) * 2011-12-14 2013-06-27 Александр Сергеевич Зубачев Цепь литая для цепной завесы вращающейся печи (варианты)
RU2486387C1 (ru) * 2012-03-15 2013-06-27 Александр Сергеевич Зубачев Цепь разнозвенная для цепной завесы вращающейся обжиговой печи
SE539088C2 (en) * 2015-02-05 2017-04-04 Al-Najjar Basim A universal coupling for transferring rotary movements between an input shaft and an output shaft

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3281134A (en) * 1964-02-27 1966-10-25 Campbell Chain Co Chain for rotary kilns

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD558634S1 (en) * 2006-04-03 2008-01-01 Hermes Sellier Chain link
USD592091S1 (en) * 2008-03-25 2009-05-12 Hermes Sellier (Societe Par Actions Simplifiee) Chain
US8172448B1 (en) * 2009-09-03 2012-05-08 Astec, Inc. Method and apparatus for adapting asphalt dryer/mixer to minimize asphalt build-up
WO2014033646A2 (en) 2012-08-28 2014-03-06 Fundacion Universidad Del Norte Heat transfer chain with elliptical section wire links for high durability and enhanced heat transfer in temporary operation
WO2014033646A3 (en) * 2012-08-28 2014-05-08 Fundacion Universidad Del Norte Heat transfer chain with elliptical section wire links for high durability and enhanced heat transfer in temporary operation
CN104919262A (zh) * 2012-08-28 2015-09-16 北方大学基金会 具有椭圆形截面的线链节的高耐久性及用于短暂操作中的强化热传导性的热传导链
AU2013311085B2 (en) * 2012-08-28 2018-04-12 Cementos Argos S.A. Heat transfer chain with elliptical section wire links for high durability and enhanced heat transfer in temporary operation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2017224A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-05-22
GB1238393A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-07-07
DE1925835B1 (de) 1971-01-14

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AS Assignment

Owner name: CHEMICAL BANK, NEW YORK

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:AMALLOY CORP., A N.J. CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004893/0288

Effective date: 19880311

Owner name: CHEMICAL BANK, A NEW YORK BANKING CORP.,NEW YORK

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:AMALLOY CORP., A N.J. CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004893/0288

Effective date: 19880311

Owner name: CHEMICAL BANK, 110 EAST 59TH STREET, NEW YORK, NEW

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:AMALLOY CORP., A N.J. CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004893/0288

Effective date: 19880311

Owner name: CHEMICAL BANK, A CORP. OF NY

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:AMALLOY CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004854/0891

Effective date: 19880311

AS Assignment

Owner name: AMALLOY CORP., A CORP. OF NJ

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ABEX CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004890/0859

Effective date: 19880310