US353598A - Carbon for electrical purposes - Google Patents
Carbon for electrical purposes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US353598A US353598A US353598DA US353598A US 353598 A US353598 A US 353598A US 353598D A US353598D A US 353598DA US 353598 A US353598 A US 353598A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- electrical
- electrical purposes
- purposes
- masses
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 24
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 6
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000543381 Cliftonia monophylla Species 0.000 description 2
- 108060007338 SDHAF4 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/52—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite
- C04B35/524—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite obtained from polymer precursors, e.g. glass-like carbon material
Definitions
- My invention relates to an improvement in the preparation of carbon in a form suitable for use in its different applications in the arts.
- This substance being highly refractory and infusible in its nature, and at the same time an excellent conductor of electricity, is extensively employed for various purposes, and more especially in the construction of electrical apparatus. It is consumed in large quantities in the manufacture of electrodes or pencils for electric-arc lights and in the formation of negative plates for voltaic batteries. It is also largely used for contact points and surfaces in microphones and telephonictransmitters, and for other like purposes.
- the principal source from which the carbon of commerce is obtained is the retorts of gasworks, in which it accumulates in great quan tities as a Ivy-product. It is deposited in these retortsiu exceedingly hard masses,which can only be broken away and removed with much difliculty. Formerly the carbon pencils and plates required for electrical purposes were saved or cut bodily from these masses. Thiswas necessarily a laborious, difficult, and expensive operation, owing to the extreme hardness and tenacity of the material.
- the present improved process of manufacture consists in breaking up and pulverizing the crude masses of carbon procured from the gas-retorts by grinding them in asuitable mill to a very fine powder.
- This powder is agglomerated by means of sirup or other like material, forming a stiff paste, which may be pressed in molds or formed in dies in any required form.
- the molded articles are subsequently baked by subjecting them to a very high temperature for a considerable length of time, which forms them into solid masses.
- the algae or seaweed which has been collected is placed in convenient quantities in a suitable vessel and thoroughly washed and cleansed by subjecting it to the action of hot water or steam.
- the material is dried, and is then carbonized by being placed in closed retorts and subjected to a high temperature for a considerable time in a well-known manner.
- the resulting product is then treated with dilute acid and dried. It is then a perfectly pure form of carbon in soft masses or lumps, which may be easily crushed between the fingers, and constitutes my improved product, which may afterward be ground or pulverized by means of any suitable machinery and manufactured into various articles by the usual processes.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
EDGAR SHAW, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS.
CARBON FOR ELECTRICAL PtJRPOSES.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 353,598, dated November 30, 1886.
Application filedApril 11, 1885. Serial No. 161,962. (Specimens) To all whom, it may concern:
Be it known that I, EDGAR SHAW, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Lynn, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Carbon for Electrical and other Purposes, of which the following is a specification.
My invention relates to an improvement in the preparation of carbon in a form suitable for use in its different applications in the arts. This substance, being highly refractory and infusible in its nature, and at the same time an excellent conductor of electricity, is extensively employed for various purposes, and more especially in the construction of electrical apparatus. It is consumed in large quantities in the manufacture of electrodes or pencils for electric-arc lights and in the formation of negative plates for voltaic batteries. It is also largely used for contact points and surfaces in microphones and telephonictransmitters, and for other like purposes.
The principal source from which the carbon of commerce is obtained is the retorts of gasworks, in which it accumulates in great quan tities as a Ivy-product. It is deposited in these retortsiu exceedingly hard masses,which can only be broken away and removed with much difliculty. Formerly the carbon pencils and plates required for electrical purposes were saved or cut bodily from these masses. Thiswas necessarily a laborious, difficult, and expensive operation, owing to the extreme hardness and tenacity of the material.
The present improved process of manufacture consists in breaking up and pulverizing the crude masses of carbon procured from the gas-retorts by grinding them in asuitable mill to a very fine powder. This powder is agglomerated by means of sirup or other like material, forming a stiff paste, which may be pressed in molds or formed in dies in any required form. The molded articles are subsequently baked by subjecting them to a very high temperature for a considerable length of time, which forms them into solid masses. The nature of the raw material as it comes from the retorts is such that the operation of grinding is a tedious and expensive one, and hence a substitute has been sought by carbonizing different kinds of wood and vegetable substances of a ligneous nature, thereby producing a form of carbon commonly known as charcoal, which is soft and easily pulverized. Experience, however, has shown that carbon obtained in this manner does not fulfill the necessary requirements, especially for electrical purposes, as the material contains silicious and other earthy impurities which render it unsuitable for such uses.
I have discovered that by carbonizing any of the various species of marine algae, conr monly called sea weed, a carbon product is obtained in the form of soft masses, which are capable of being readily ground or pulverized, and are free from all mineral impurities. Carbon derived from this source is found by experiment to be more suitable, especially for electrical uses, than any carbon yet known, while at the same time it is inexpensive to produce by reason of the Vast abundance and trifling cost of the raw material and the simplicity of the treatment required to fit it for use.
In carrying out my invention, the algae or seaweed which has been collected is placed in convenient quantities in a suitable vessel and thoroughly washed and cleansed by subjecting it to the action of hot water or steam. The material is dried, and is then carbonized by being placed in closed retorts and subjected to a high temperature for a considerable time in a well-known manner. The resulting product is then treated with dilute acid and dried. It is then a perfectly pure form of carbon in soft masses or lumps, which may be easily crushed between the fingers, and constitutes my improved product, which may afterward be ground or pulverized by means of any suitable machinery and manufactured into various articles by the usual processes.
I claim as my invention Blocks, plates, or rods consisting of compressed carbonized algae or sea-weed, adapted for electrical uses.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this9th day of April, A. D.
EDGAR sHAW.
WVitnesses:
J. HENRY T YLOR, ALEX. P. BROWNE.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US353598A true US353598A (en) | 1886-11-30 |
Family
ID=2422650
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US353598D Expired - Lifetime US353598A (en) | Carbon for electrical purposes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US353598A (en) |
-
0
- US US353598D patent/US353598A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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