US3527239A - Exhaust tube for down-hole drill - Google Patents

Exhaust tube for down-hole drill Download PDF

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Publication number
US3527239A
US3527239A US762803A US3527239DA US3527239A US 3527239 A US3527239 A US 3527239A US 762803 A US762803 A US 762803A US 3527239D A US3527239D A US 3527239DA US 3527239 A US3527239 A US 3527239A
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United States
Prior art keywords
drill
fluid
hole
tube
pressure
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Expired - Lifetime
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US762803A
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English (en)
Inventor
Clarence O Boom
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Gardner Denver Inc
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Gardner Denver Inc
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers

Definitions

  • a combination exhaust, lifting air, and auxiliary holecleansing air tube for a down-hole percussion drill comprises a centrally positioned tubular element divided into parallel exhaust passages both in communication with the drill hammer driving and lifting air expansion chambers.
  • a partition divides the tube into the parallel exhaust passages and also forms elongated conduits for conducting hammer lifting air, and auxiliary hole-cleansing air.
  • a class of fluid operated percussion rock drills known commonly as down-hole drills are usually designed to include a iluid operated piston hammer reciprocally disposed in an elongated cylinder to deliver impact blows directly to a drill bit. Exhaust fluid from the drill percussion motor is usually directed through passages in the bit to provide hole cleansing fluid. Due to the fact that down-hole drills follow the drill bit into the hole being drilled, it is accordingly necessary that the drill proper be of compact design since the drill housing must be of a diameter somewhat less than the diameter of the drill bit. It is also desirable that the diameter of the hammer piston be as great as possible to maximize the piston pressure surface area so that greater impact blows can be delivered to the bit by the pressure fluid acting thereon.
  • the present invention provides improved means for supplying hammer lifting fluid, auxiliary hole cleansing fluid, and exhaust fluid passages in a down-hole percussion drill.
  • the centrally located multipassage tubular element herein disclosed extending centrally from the drill motive lluid inlet through a coaxial bore in the drill hammer, and into a receiving bore in the drill bit, adequate fluid passage area is provided for all of the aforementioned functions without greatly reducing drill hammer pressure surface area or increasing the drill housing diameter.
  • the present invention also provides a centrally positioned tube having an auxiliary iluid conduit for conducting pressure fluid directly to the drill bit for improved hole cleansing during deep-hole drilling when exhaust fluid alone is insuiiicient to provide adequate hole cleansing.
  • the auxiliary hole cleansing liuid conduit ad-l vantageously bypasses the distributing valve and the percussion motor and thereby does not adversely affect the operation of the drill.
  • the invention also provides for means to prevent hammer reciprocation when the drill bit is olf the bottom of the hole and concurrently provide for all motive fluid to the drill to be directed to the bit for hole cleansing.
  • An advantage of the present invention lies in the pro- "ice vision of a multipassage tubular element of unique construction which performs numerous functions in a downhole drill while occupying a minimum of space in the drill proper and being easily removable from the drill.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section view of a portion of a down-hole drill employing the novel exhaust tube herein disclosed.
  • FIG. 1a is a continuation of FIG. l from the line a-a illustrating the lower portion of the down-hole drill.
  • FIG. 2 is an exterior View of the exhaust tube for the down-hole drill shown in FIGS. 1 and la.
  • FIG. 3 is a transverse section taken along the line 3--3 of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a transverse section taken along the line 4-4 of FIG. 2.
  • a typical down-hole percussion rock drill is illustrated in longitudinal section and generally designated by the numeral 10.
  • the drill 10 is adapted to be suspended from the end of a string of hollow drill pipe 12 in the conventional manner by a threaded connection 14 in the drill backhead 16.
  • the drill 10 basically comprises the backhead 16 threadedly connected to an elongated cylindrical housing 18 having a bore 20 forming with a movable piston hammer 22 a fluid operated percussion motor.
  • the piston hammer 22 includes opposed pressure surfaces 21 and 23 and divides the bore 20 into expansible chambers 24 and 26 which permit the expansion of pressure iluid for driving and lifting the piston hammer 22, respectively.
  • the expansion chamber 26 is closed at its lower end by a chuck member 28 threadedly secured to the drill motor housing 18 and slidably retaining a percussion drill bit 30.
  • the bit 30 is of the integral shank type having an elongated shank portion 32 axially slidably retained in the chuck 28 by means of the lugs 34 and the retainer 36. As can be seen in FIG. 1a the shank portion 32 is adapted to receive percussion blows directly from the piston hammer 22.
  • the backhead 16 includes a passage 38 in fluid ow communication with the hollow drill pipe 12 and opening into an area 40 from which a plurality of conduits 42 communicate with the space 44.
  • a check valve 46 is suitably biased in the position shown by a spring 48 retained in a housing 50.
  • a platelike member 54 Located in a bore 52 in the upper portion of the drill motor housing 18 a platelike member 54 abuts the lower end of the backhead 16 and retains a fluid distributing valve chest 56.
  • the plate 54 includes a series of openings 58 in communication with the space 44 and plural conduits 60 located near the periphery of the valve chest 56.
  • the plate 54 also includes the openings 62 formed at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the drill 10 and opening into the recessed area 64.
  • the distributing valve chest 56 comprises a housing for an axially shiftable valve element 66 having opposed pressure surfaces 68 and 70.
  • the valve 66 is of a type well ⁇ known to those familiar with the art of fluid operated percussion tools and is operable in response to pressure forces acting alternately on the pressure surfaces 68 and 70 to shift to valve pressure yfluid to the expansion chambers 24 and 26, respectively.
  • a multipassage fluid conducting tube is retained at the valve chest 56 by a flanged head 74.
  • the tube 72 is substantially coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the drill 10 and extends through the valve chest 56, the piston hammer 22,
  • the tube 72 includes an outer cylndrical tube 78 having a bore 80 divided into parallel circular segment shaped passages 81, FIGS. 3 and 4, by a central partition 82 disposed in and extending the length of the tube 78 and having a portion 83, FIG. 2, closing the bore 80 at the flanged head end.
  • the passages 81 are of substantially equal cross sectional area and serve to conduct exhaust pressure uid from the expansion chambers 24 and 26 by means of the longitudinally spaced double exhaust ports 84 and 86, respectively.
  • the exhaust passages 81 open into the bore 76 in the bit 30 ⁇ from where passages 88 and 90 lead to the exterior of the drill 10.
  • the central partition 82 includes a longitudinal conduit 92 in communication fwith the area 64 at the head end of the tube 72 and opening into the bore 76 in the bit 30 through the plug 94 having an oriiice 96 therethrough.
  • a parallel conduit 98 extending longitudinally through the partition 82 is in fluid-ow communication with the annular area 100 surrounding the valve element 6'6- by means of the opening 102, and at the lower or bit end of the tube 72 the conduit 98 opens through the aperture 110 into an area 104 formed by an enlarged portion 106 of the bore 76 and a recessed portion 108 of the tube 7.8.
  • the area 104 forms a flow passage for conducting pressure Huid to the expansion chamber 26 when the bit 30 is in the position shown.
  • a third opening 112 from the conduit 98 (FIG. 1) is operable to communicate pressure fluid to the expansion chamber 24 in response to the piston hammer 22 being in a certain position to be described below.
  • the drill 10 is of the down-hole type whereby it is attached to the end of the drill pipe 12 which is rotated by suitable means, not shown, and which supplies pressure uid such as compressed air from a suitable source to operate the drill percussive motor and provide a cleansing medium for evacuating drill cuttings from the drill hole.
  • suitable means not shown
  • pressure uid such as compressed air from a suitable source
  • the weight of drill 10 will cause the bit 30 to assume the position shown in FIG. la when the latter is in contact with the bottom of a drill hole.
  • the exhaust ports 86 for the expansion chamber 26 become closed by the close fitting bore 116 of the hammer 22 thereby resulting in a pressure increase in the expansion chamber 26 due to uid trapped therein.
  • This pressure increase is transmitted via the area 104 and the conduit 98 into the annular area 100 to act on the pressure surface 70 of the valve 66 causing it to shift downward thereby cutting off the communication of pressure fluid to the expansion chamber 24.
  • the exhaust ports 84 into the expansion chamber 24 are uncovered permitting exhausting of pressure fluid through i the parallel passages 81 (FIGS.
  • a continuous supply of hole cleansing fluid is supplied to the bore 76 of the bit 30 by way of the passages 62 in the plate 54 into the area 64 and through the elongated conduit 92 and the orifice 96.
  • the orifice 96 is suitably sized to limit the amount of iluid bypassed from the drill percussion motor and the plug 94 is slidably retained in the conduit 92 and thereby is easily removed and replaced with a larger or smaller tone depending on hole cleansing require-ments. For example, as the depth of the drill hole increases greater amounts of high pressure fluid are required to be bypassed around the percussion motor to provide adequate fluid energy for removing drill cuttings from the hole, thus necessitating a large tone.
  • the tube 72 serves a number of functions including providing ample sized exhaust passages, a bypass auxiliary hole cleansing conduit, a lifting uid conduit, means for providing maximum hole cleansing fluid at high pressure, and preventing unwanted hammer reciprocation when the drill 10 is out of contact with the work. All of these functions are provided with a compactly designed tube adapted for ease of assembly and removal from the drill.
  • the outer cylindrical tube portion 78 and the partition 82 are separately fabricated of steel.
  • the partition '82 is made to have a close sliding or light press t in the bore 80. After assembly, the components are welded at suitably accessible locations and the head end of conduit 98 is plugged as shown in FIG. 1.
  • Separate fabrication of the tube 78 and the partition -82 provide for a tube having maximum ow area for exhaust uid through the circular segment passages 81 thereby formed, as well as providing for conduits 92 and 98, and yielding a structure satisfying performance requirements at low manufacturing cost ⁇ What is claimed is:
  • Multipassage fluid conducting means for a down-hole drill comprising an elongated substantially cylindrical tube having a hollow bore therethrough, a partition disposed in said bore and having a portion closing one end of said bore, said partition extending substantially the length of said tube and dividing said tube into parallel passage means, said passage means opening to the exterior of said tube at the end of said bore opposite said closed end, said partition including first conduit means extending longitudinally through said partition and opening axially to both ends of said tube and second conduit means extending longitudially Within said partition and opening to the exterior of said tube through a plurality of spaced radial openings, and longituidnally spaced port means in said tube opening from the exterior of said tube into said parallel passage means.
  • said partition is centrally positioned in said bore of said tu'be whereby said parallel passage means are formed of substantially equal cross sectional areas.
  • Fluid conducting means for a pressure fluid operated percussion drill said drill including:
  • a pressure tiuid percussion motor having a piston hammer reciprocably disposed in a cylinder and forming therewith opposed expansion chambers for driving and lifting said hammer respectively;
  • pressure Huid inlet means and fluid distributing means in communication with said inlet and operable to distribute pressure uid alternately to said opposed expansion chambers;
  • blow receiving means disposed in one end of said percussion motor including a bore in communication with the exterior of said drill, and said Huid conducting means comprising:
  • a longitudinal partition disposed within said hollow tube forming a pair of elongated parallel passages between said tube wall and said partition, said tube including exhaust port means opening into said parallel passages from said opposed expansion chambers;
  • first conduit means extending longitudinally through said partition from said uid inlet means to said bore in said blow receiving means for conducting pressure fluid directly to said bore in said blow receiving means;
  • second conduit means extending longitudinally within said partition for conducting pressure uid from said fluid distributing means to said hammer lifting expansion chamber.
  • said first conduit means includes variable orifice means for limiting the amount of pressure fluid conducted by said rst conduit means to said bore in said blow receiving means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
US762803A 1968-09-26 1968-09-26 Exhaust tube for down-hole drill Expired - Lifetime US3527239A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US76280368A 1968-09-26 1968-09-26

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US (1) US3527239A (ja)
JP (1) JPS4916682B1 (ja)
DE (1) DE1947213A1 (ja)
GB (1) GB1252512A (ja)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3616865A (en) * 1969-02-26 1971-11-02 Boris Vasilievich Sudnishnikov Pneumatic percussion device for making holes in the ground by packing the latter
US3964551A (en) * 1974-09-20 1976-06-22 Reed Tool Company Pneumatic impact drilling tool
FR2305580A1 (fr) * 1975-03-22 1976-10-22 Walter Gmbh Co Drucklufttechni Marteau foreur pour le percage de trous profonds
US4100976A (en) * 1976-12-06 1978-07-18 Reed Tool Co. Pneumatic impact drilling tool
US4133393A (en) * 1976-07-28 1979-01-09 Compair Construction And Mining Limited Down-the-hole percussion drills
US4280570A (en) * 1978-04-18 1981-07-28 Walter Hans Philipp Drill hammer
US4299298A (en) * 1979-01-12 1981-11-10 Boart International Limited Down-the-hole drilling
US4446929A (en) * 1979-06-11 1984-05-08 Dresser Industries, Inc. Fluid operated rock drill hammer
US4911250A (en) * 1986-10-24 1990-03-27 William Lister Pneumatic percussion hammer
AU620785B3 (en) * 1990-04-26 1992-01-09 D.T.A. Pty Ltd Transmission sleeve for a down hole hammer
US5131476A (en) * 1990-12-18 1992-07-21 Percussion Drilling, Inc. Down hole percussion drill apparatus
US5154244A (en) * 1990-04-26 1992-10-13 D.T.A. Pty Ltd Transmission sleeve for a down hole hammer
US5277260A (en) * 1993-02-24 1994-01-11 Ranck Gerald L Air hammer
US5402854A (en) * 1992-10-06 1995-04-04 Ingersoll-Rand Company Fluid distributor for a debris flushing system in a percussive, fluid-activated apparatus
USRE36002E (en) * 1990-04-26 1998-12-22 Sds Digger Tools Pty, Ltd. Transmission sleeve for a down hole hammer
US20040188146A1 (en) * 2003-03-26 2004-09-30 Fredrik Egerstrom Hydraulic drill string
US20070102196A1 (en) * 2005-11-04 2007-05-10 Grey Bassinger Downhole percussion tool
US20110088953A1 (en) * 2008-08-06 2011-04-21 Atlas Copco Secoroc Llc Percussion assisted rotary earth bit and method of operating the same
CN102418344A (zh) * 2011-06-17 2012-04-18 北京荣创科宏岩土工程有限公司 喷射器、钻头组合结构及组合钻具
US8353369B2 (en) 2008-08-06 2013-01-15 Atlas Copco Secoroc, LLC Percussion assisted rotary earth bit and method of operating the same
CN105378206A (zh) * 2013-07-12 2016-03-02 钻岩气动有限公司 用于井下锤钻的动态密封管
CN111021972A (zh) * 2020-01-16 2020-04-17 吕梁学院 本煤层瓦斯抽采钻孔塌孔压风式清煤装置
US11306538B2 (en) * 2017-08-31 2022-04-19 Pirkan Laatupalvelu Oy Fluid operated drilling device and a method for drilling a hole using a fluid operated drilling device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3012540A (en) * 1961-12-12 Percussion drilling apparatus
US3045768A (en) * 1958-07-14 1962-07-24 Gardner Denver Co Fluid operated percussion drill
US3084673A (en) * 1962-04-16 1963-04-09 St Joseph Lead Co Down-hole drill
GB967358A (en) * 1963-05-21 1964-08-19 Max Lansell Staer Improvements in multi-tube assemblies
US3229776A (en) * 1963-03-11 1966-01-18 Mission Mfg Co Impact drilling tool

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3012540A (en) * 1961-12-12 Percussion drilling apparatus
US3045768A (en) * 1958-07-14 1962-07-24 Gardner Denver Co Fluid operated percussion drill
US3084673A (en) * 1962-04-16 1963-04-09 St Joseph Lead Co Down-hole drill
US3229776A (en) * 1963-03-11 1966-01-18 Mission Mfg Co Impact drilling tool
GB967358A (en) * 1963-05-21 1964-08-19 Max Lansell Staer Improvements in multi-tube assemblies

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3616865A (en) * 1969-02-26 1971-11-02 Boris Vasilievich Sudnishnikov Pneumatic percussion device for making holes in the ground by packing the latter
US3964551A (en) * 1974-09-20 1976-06-22 Reed Tool Company Pneumatic impact drilling tool
FR2305580A1 (fr) * 1975-03-22 1976-10-22 Walter Gmbh Co Drucklufttechni Marteau foreur pour le percage de trous profonds
US4133393A (en) * 1976-07-28 1979-01-09 Compair Construction And Mining Limited Down-the-hole percussion drills
US4100976A (en) * 1976-12-06 1978-07-18 Reed Tool Co. Pneumatic impact drilling tool
US4280570A (en) * 1978-04-18 1981-07-28 Walter Hans Philipp Drill hammer
US4299298A (en) * 1979-01-12 1981-11-10 Boart International Limited Down-the-hole drilling
US4446929A (en) * 1979-06-11 1984-05-08 Dresser Industries, Inc. Fluid operated rock drill hammer
US4911250A (en) * 1986-10-24 1990-03-27 William Lister Pneumatic percussion hammer
USRE36002E (en) * 1990-04-26 1998-12-22 Sds Digger Tools Pty, Ltd. Transmission sleeve for a down hole hammer
US5154244A (en) * 1990-04-26 1992-10-13 D.T.A. Pty Ltd Transmission sleeve for a down hole hammer
AU620785B3 (en) * 1990-04-26 1992-01-09 D.T.A. Pty Ltd Transmission sleeve for a down hole hammer
US5131476A (en) * 1990-12-18 1992-07-21 Percussion Drilling, Inc. Down hole percussion drill apparatus
US5402854A (en) * 1992-10-06 1995-04-04 Ingersoll-Rand Company Fluid distributor for a debris flushing system in a percussive, fluid-activated apparatus
US5277260A (en) * 1993-02-24 1994-01-11 Ranck Gerald L Air hammer
US20040188146A1 (en) * 2003-03-26 2004-09-30 Fredrik Egerstrom Hydraulic drill string
US6994175B2 (en) * 2003-03-26 2006-02-07 Wassara Ab Hydraulic drill string
US7377338B2 (en) * 2005-11-04 2008-05-27 Grey Bassinger Downhole percussion tool
US20070102196A1 (en) * 2005-11-04 2007-05-10 Grey Bassinger Downhole percussion tool
US20110088953A1 (en) * 2008-08-06 2011-04-21 Atlas Copco Secoroc Llc Percussion assisted rotary earth bit and method of operating the same
US8353369B2 (en) 2008-08-06 2013-01-15 Atlas Copco Secoroc, LLC Percussion assisted rotary earth bit and method of operating the same
US8763728B2 (en) 2008-08-06 2014-07-01 Atlas Copco Secoroc, LLC Percussion assisted rotary earth bit and method of operating the same
CN102418344A (zh) * 2011-06-17 2012-04-18 北京荣创科宏岩土工程有限公司 喷射器、钻头组合结构及组合钻具
CN102418344B (zh) * 2011-06-17 2014-02-19 北京荣创科宏岩土工程有限公司 喷射器、钻头组合结构及组合钻具
CN105378206A (zh) * 2013-07-12 2016-03-02 钻岩气动有限公司 用于井下锤钻的动态密封管
US10161188B2 (en) * 2013-07-12 2018-12-25 Drillroc Pneumatic Pty Ltd. Dynamic seal tube for a down hole hammer drill
US11306538B2 (en) * 2017-08-31 2022-04-19 Pirkan Laatupalvelu Oy Fluid operated drilling device and a method for drilling a hole using a fluid operated drilling device
CN111021972A (zh) * 2020-01-16 2020-04-17 吕梁学院 本煤层瓦斯抽采钻孔塌孔压风式清煤装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4916682B1 (ja) 1974-04-24
DE1947213A1 (de) 1970-04-09
GB1252512A (ja) 1971-11-03

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