US3525028A - Electronic control for the movement of large objects,particularly movable blackboards - Google Patents

Electronic control for the movement of large objects,particularly movable blackboards Download PDF

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Publication number
US3525028A
US3525028A US631252A US3525028DA US3525028A US 3525028 A US3525028 A US 3525028A US 631252 A US631252 A US 631252A US 3525028D A US3525028D A US 3525028DA US 3525028 A US3525028 A US 3525028A
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United States
Prior art keywords
movement
electronic control
large objects
transistor
current
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Expired - Lifetime
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US631252A
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English (en)
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Walter Ruoss
Hans Jenny
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Individual
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/96—Touch switches
    • H03K17/9645—Resistive touch switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
    • H02P23/24—Controlling the direction, e.g. clockwise or counterclockwise
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/60—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being bipolar transistors
    • H03K17/64—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being bipolar transistors having inductive loads

Definitions

  • FIG.1 A first figure.
  • Contact can be established by bridging the two conductors with a finger at any desired spot, whereby due to the resistance inherent in the human skin, but slight current flow is elfected. The latter then is amplified and actuates a relay which effects a switching operation.
  • the device is particularly useful, but not limited, to the actuation of movable blackboards.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective of a contact unit
  • FIG. 2 is a section through a contact unit
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram for a contact unit
  • FIG. 4 is a front elevation of a blackboard provided with a contact unit according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a horizontal projection of the blackboard shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 is an elevation taken along lines II of FIG. 5.
  • the contact unit shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of a high-grade insulating material 1 as carrier on which two non-oxidizable metal bars or strips 2, 2a, and two like metal bands 3, 3a are disposed.
  • the connecting wires are designated as 5.
  • FIG. 3 is an electronic circuit diagram wherein a direct current of, e.g., 22 volts is introduced at 6.
  • the slight "ice current flowing, when finger '4 touches the contact unit 2, 2a or 3, 3a, is amplified approximately 200 times in transistor 9, and serves to control transistor 12; the latter controls relay 14 which is provided with high-voltage current contacts and controls the motor.
  • Resistance 8 is to limit the current flow in case of a short circuit in the contact unit.
  • NTC resistances 7 and 10 serve to adapt current and voltage and simultaneously as temperature compensators.
  • Resistance 11 also serves to adapt current and voltage.
  • the diode 13 protects the switching transistor 12. The entire assembly is hooked up to the contact unit by the connecting wires 5.
  • FIGS. 4-6 illustrate the application of the system according to the invention to a vertically movable blackboard. These illustrations are schematics and omit the customary accessories, such as motors, etc.
  • the contact bar 18 has the contact units 2, 2a and 3, 3a, and the broken-line (FIG. 4) rectangular oblong denotes the electronic control.
  • the latter is actuated as soon as one of the contact units is touched by a human finger at any point. This immediately activates the motor 20, by means of the electronic control as explained below, and the panel moves as desired.
  • the current supply is interrupted when the finger is removed from the contact bar, and the motor stops so that the panel comes to rest in the desired position.
  • the circuit is at 6 connected to a direct current supply of for instance 22 volts.
  • the resistors 7, 8 and 11 serve for stabilizing the operation of the transistor 9.
  • the resistor 10 is the working resistor of the transistor 9.
  • the NTC resistors 7 and 10, as indicated, serve to compensate for temperature variations.
  • the diode 13 eliminates the cutoff voltage peak on the relay 14.
  • the high voltage contacts 22 of the relay 14 serve for closing a switch 19 that has contacts 23.
  • the driving motor is indicated 20.
  • a three-phase system 21 having a zero conductor forms the power supply for it.
  • the operator will place his finger 4 across the upper rails 2 and 2a. As these rails extend over the entire length of the blackboard, the operator does not change his actual position.
  • the skin resistance of which is up to 5 megohms By connecting the two rails with the finger the skin resistance of which is up to 5 megohms, a very small current flows in the transistor 9.
  • the latter operates in collector arrangement and therefore causes a current amplification. This current appears primarily as a base current on the switching transistor 12 and is suflicient to saturate the transistor 12 to such an extent that it becomes so low-resistant in its emitter-collector circuit that practically the entire supply voltage lies on the relay 14, causing the latter to switch.
  • a voltage of for instance 220 volts is connected to the coil of the switch 19 which closes the contacts 23 to energize the motor 20 by connecting it with the three-phase power supply system 21 that has a voltage of 380 volts.
  • the rotation of the motor may be transferred into a blackboard movement by any known means, for instance a chain drive and a gear (not shown).
  • a chain drive and a gear By lifting the finger 4 off the rails the current flow and thus the movement of the blackboard are interrupted.
  • the operation just described holds true in identical manner for the parts indexed with b on the reference numerals, the finger 4 being used to connect the rails 3 and 3a (FIG. 1) and to cause the motor 20 to reverse its sense of rotation.
  • a separate circuit is used for each direction of the blackboard.
  • any motor may be used in this connection; the embodiment shows an alternating current motor of known type. Also the switch 19 may be of any suitable conventional known type.
  • the circuit described has the advantage of reacting neither to capacitive nor to inductive interferences, and operates at extremely low currents.
  • contact units i.e., the entire system, need not be in a straight line but may be in any shape conforming to the device which it is to serve.
  • a contact unit for the control of the movements of large objects which comprises a high-grade insulating carrier; at least two substantially parallel non-oxidizing metal strips disposed thereon; a low-voltage power supply connected to said metal strips; said metal strips being at a distance from each other which can be spanned by a human finger for small current flow; means for amplifying said current; and motor and switching means for actuating and stopping said movements; contact between said unit and said motor and switching means being accomplishedbylaying a finger across any point of said parallel metal strips; said low-voltage power supply being of a magnitude as to be innocuous to the human body and wherein said means for amplifying said power supply and said switching and motor means comprise 'a first amplifying transistor amplifier; a second control transistor connected in seriestherewith; a diode between said second transistor and one terminal of said power supply; and a relay between said second transistor and the said terminal of said power supply; one resistor connected at one end thereof to a point between said first and second transistors and with the other end thereof connected to said

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Adjustable Resistors (AREA)
  • Facsimiles In General (AREA)
US631252A 1966-04-15 1967-04-17 Electronic control for the movement of large objects,particularly movable blackboards Expired - Lifetime US3525028A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH552166A CH455189A (de) 1966-04-15 1966-04-15 Wandtafel mit einer elektrischen Vorrichtung zum Steuern eines ihre Verschiebebewegung durchführenden Elektromotors

Publications (1)

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US3525028A true US3525028A (en) 1970-08-18

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Family Applications (1)

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US631252A Expired - Lifetime US3525028A (en) 1966-04-15 1967-04-17 Electronic control for the movement of large objects,particularly movable blackboards

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US (1) US3525028A (de)
AT (1) AT283156B (de)
CH (1) CH455189A (de)
GB (1) GB1133182A (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3651389A (en) * 1968-11-09 1972-03-21 Nippon Denso Co Safety device for use with automatic automobile window regulator
US3651391A (en) * 1969-09-26 1972-03-21 Black & Decker Mfg Co Electronic switch arrangements
US4132935A (en) * 1976-09-23 1979-01-02 Braun Aktiengesellschaft Phonograph turntable control system
US5396222A (en) * 1993-03-25 1995-03-07 United States Surgical Corporation Ergonomic machine actuator

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2576929A (en) * 1949-09-02 1951-12-04 Ercolino Michael Direction finding device
US2946956A (en) * 1958-08-28 1960-07-26 United Shoe Machinery Corp Body conductivity operated controls for electric devices
US3020528A (en) * 1959-04-20 1962-02-06 Jr Caleb V Swanson Toilet training apparatus
US3056907A (en) * 1958-10-16 1962-10-02 Hubbell Inc Harvey Touch controlled circuit
US3207905A (en) * 1961-08-17 1965-09-21 Gen Electric Touch-sensitive optoelectonic circuits and indicators
US3218530A (en) * 1961-08-31 1965-11-16 Singer Mfg Co Motor speed control by space transmission of electromagnetic energy
US3255380A (en) * 1961-09-11 1966-06-07 Tung Sol Electric Inc Touch responsive circuit for control of a load

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2576929A (en) * 1949-09-02 1951-12-04 Ercolino Michael Direction finding device
US2946956A (en) * 1958-08-28 1960-07-26 United Shoe Machinery Corp Body conductivity operated controls for electric devices
US3056907A (en) * 1958-10-16 1962-10-02 Hubbell Inc Harvey Touch controlled circuit
US3020528A (en) * 1959-04-20 1962-02-06 Jr Caleb V Swanson Toilet training apparatus
US3207905A (en) * 1961-08-17 1965-09-21 Gen Electric Touch-sensitive optoelectonic circuits and indicators
US3218530A (en) * 1961-08-31 1965-11-16 Singer Mfg Co Motor speed control by space transmission of electromagnetic energy
US3255380A (en) * 1961-09-11 1966-06-07 Tung Sol Electric Inc Touch responsive circuit for control of a load

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3651389A (en) * 1968-11-09 1972-03-21 Nippon Denso Co Safety device for use with automatic automobile window regulator
US3651391A (en) * 1969-09-26 1972-03-21 Black & Decker Mfg Co Electronic switch arrangements
US4132935A (en) * 1976-09-23 1979-01-02 Braun Aktiengesellschaft Phonograph turntable control system
US4234836A (en) * 1976-09-23 1980-11-18 Braun Aktiengesellschaft Phonograph turntable control system
US5396222A (en) * 1993-03-25 1995-03-07 United States Surgical Corporation Ergonomic machine actuator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH455189A (de) 1968-04-30
GB1133182A (en) 1968-11-13
AT283156B (de) 1970-07-27

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