US3524751A - Parting compositions - Google Patents

Parting compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
US3524751A
US3524751A US644082A US3524751DA US3524751A US 3524751 A US3524751 A US 3524751A US 644082 A US644082 A US 644082A US 3524751D A US3524751D A US 3524751DA US 3524751 A US3524751 A US 3524751A
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United States
Prior art keywords
weight
castor oil
lower alkyl
parting
composition
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Expired - Lifetime
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US644082A
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Malcolm Kent Smith
Robert L Vignolo
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ROBERT L VIGNOLO
NL Chemicals Inc
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ROBERT L VIGNOLO
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Assigned to NL CHEMICALS, INC., A CORP. OF DE. reassignment NL CHEMICALS, INC., A CORP. OF DE. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: NL INDUSTRIES, INC.
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
    • C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/402—Castor oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working

Definitions

  • castor oil possesses certain properties which has rendered it useful as a mold lubricant and parting agent in the casting of aluminum and its alloys.
  • castor oil has been generally satisfactory in its ability to carry relative high loads without rupture of the lubricant film, polymerization has been found to occur leading to the deposit of a varnish-like film on aluminum ingots which results in welding, seizing and galling. This condition is undesirable and has become more pronounced as the aluminum industry shifts over to continuous casting of long billets versus the earlier practice of casting individual ingots.
  • parting material is also used to describe a composition which has lubricating properties.
  • compositions of this invention has been found highly effective as a parting material in either the batch or continuous casting of aluminum and its alloys.
  • the success of the composition is based on the combination of about .20 to 40% by weight of a lower alkyl ester of an acetylated hydroxy fatty acid having eight to twentytwo carbon atoms with about 80 to 60% by weight of a castor oil.
  • the preferred composition is one comprising a mixture of about 75% by weight castor oil and about by weight butyl acetyl ricinoleate.
  • the lower alkyl ester of an acetylated hydroxy fatty acid used in the composition may be prepared by transesterification of a hydroxy fatty acid having eight to twenty-two carbon atoms with a lower alkyl alcohol, e.g.
  • hydroxy fatty acids are ricinoleic acid, l2-hydroxy stearic acid, hydroxy palmitic acid, hydroxy pentadecanoic acid, hydroxy myristic acid, hydroxy cerotic acid, etc.
  • the ester interchange is complete, the unreacted alcohol is distilled off, the lower alkyl hydroxy fatty acid is converted to a lower alkyl ester of an acetylated hydroxy fatty acid by reacting it with acetic anhydride.
  • the lower alkyl ester of an acetylated hydroxy fatty acid is then combined with a castor oil in the proportions heretofor described by simply blending the two compo nents together at ambient temperature until a homogeneous mixture is obtained.
  • EXAMPLE 100 pounds of castor oil is reacted with 46 pounds of n-butanol in the presence 0.4% by weight sulfuric acid. A gentle reflux of these components accomplishes the ester interchange.
  • the butyl ricinoleate is converted to butyl acetyl ricinoleate by reacting it with 31 pounds of acetic anhydride per 100 pounds of butyl ricinoleate.
  • the unreacted acetic anhydride plus by-product acetic acid are then distilled off to yield butyl acetyl ricinoleate.
  • T Wenty-five parts by weight of the butyl acetyl ricinoleate is blended at ambient temperature with seventyfive parts by weight of a castor oil, mixing being continued until a homogeneous mixture is obtained.
  • compositions falling within the scope of this invention are prepared in the same manner as described in the above example.
  • compositions herein described are outstanding parting materials for molds used in the casting of aluminum and its alloys in that they have a reduced viscosity in comparison to castor oil alone so that application to the mold by conventional techniques is more uniform and formation of a varnish deposit or film is minimixed or eliminated.
  • the compositions described herein also possess outstanding heat stability and the acetylation of some of the hydroxyl groups in the composition reduces Water sensitivity so that any material carried into the cooling water during the casting operation is more readily separated from the cooling water than when castor oil is used as the parting material.
  • a process of improving the parting properties of a mold for continuous casting of aluminum and its alloys which comprises coating said mold with a composition comprising a mixture of about 60 to 80% by weight of a castor oil and about 40 to 20% by weight of a lower alkyl ester of an acetylated hydroxy fatty acid having eight to twenty-two carbon atoms.
  • composition comprises a mixture of about by Weight of a castor oil and about 25% by weight of said lower alkyl ester of an acetylated hydroxy fatty acid.
  • a method of improving casting of aluminum and its alloys which comprises coating a mold with a composition comprising a mixture of about 60 to by weight of a castor oil and about 40 to 20% by weight of a lower alkyl ester of an acetylated ricinoleate.

Description

United States Patent 3,524,751 PARTING COMPOSITIONS Malcolm Kent Smith, 1083 Sunny View Road, Mountainside, NJ. 07092, and Robert L. Vignolo, 842 Kimball Ave., Westfield, NJ. 07090 No Drawing. Filed June 7, 1967, Ser. No. 644,082 Int. Cl. B29c 1/04; B28b 7/ 36' US. Cl. 117-51 6 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a composition comprising a mixture of a castor oil and an alkyl ester of an acetylated hydroxy fatty acid.
Brief description of the prior art It is well known that castor oil possesses certain properties which has rendered it useful as a mold lubricant and parting agent in the casting of aluminum and its alloys. Although castor oil has been generally satisfactory in its ability to carry relative high loads without rupture of the lubricant film, polymerization has been found to occur leading to the deposit of a varnish-like film on aluminum ingots which results in welding, seizing and galling. This condition is undesirable and has become more pronounced as the aluminum industry shifts over to continuous casting of long billets versus the earlier practice of casting individual ingots.
Another problem encountered during the continuous casting process is that considerable amount of cooling water is used. Therefore, it is most desirable that if the parting material mixes with the cooling water, it be of a type which separates readily to avoid contamination of discharged water. In this regard castor oil is not completely satisfactory because its separation from the cooling water is not sufficiently rapid to avoid some contamination of discharged water.
It has now been discovered that an outstanding parting composition can be obtained by mixing about 60% to 80% by weight of a castor oil with about 40% to about by weight of a lower alkyl ester of an acetylated hydroxy fatty acid.
In the context of the present invention the expression parting material is also used to describe a composition which has lubricating properties.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The compositions of this invention has been found highly effective as a parting material in either the batch or continuous casting of aluminum and its alloys. The success of the composition is based on the combination of about .20 to 40% by weight of a lower alkyl ester of an acetylated hydroxy fatty acid having eight to twentytwo carbon atoms with about 80 to 60% by weight of a castor oil. The preferred composition is one comprising a mixture of about 75% by weight castor oil and about by weight butyl acetyl ricinoleate.
The lower alkyl ester of an acetylated hydroxy fatty acid used in the composition may be prepared by transesterification of a hydroxy fatty acid having eight to twenty-two carbon atoms with a lower alkyl alcohol, e.g.
ice
methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, isobutyl and 2-ethyl n-hexyl alcohols, in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst. Illustrative of hydroxy fatty acids are ricinoleic acid, l2-hydroxy stearic acid, hydroxy palmitic acid, hydroxy pentadecanoic acid, hydroxy myristic acid, hydroxy cerotic acid, etc. After the ester interchange is complete, the unreacted alcohol is distilled off, the lower alkyl hydroxy fatty acid is converted to a lower alkyl ester of an acetylated hydroxy fatty acid by reacting it with acetic anhydride.
The lower alkyl ester of an acetylated hydroxy fatty acid is then combined with a castor oil in the proportions heretofor described by simply blending the two compo nents together at ambient temperature until a homogeneous mixture is obtained.
The following example is illustrative of the preparation of the parting composition of this invention.
EXAMPLE 100 pounds of castor oil is reacted with 46 pounds of n-butanol in the presence 0.4% by weight sulfuric acid. A gentle reflux of these components accomplishes the ester interchange. After distilling off unreacted n-butanol and washing out the by-product glycerine, the butyl ricinoleate is converted to butyl acetyl ricinoleate by reacting it with 31 pounds of acetic anhydride per 100 pounds of butyl ricinoleate. The unreacted acetic anhydride plus by-product acetic acid are then distilled off to yield butyl acetyl ricinoleate.
T Wenty-five parts by weight of the butyl acetyl ricinoleate is blended at ambient temperature with seventyfive parts by weight of a castor oil, mixing being continued until a homogeneous mixture is obtained.
Other compositions falling within the scope of this invention are prepared in the same manner as described in the above example.
The compositions herein described are outstanding parting materials for molds used in the casting of aluminum and its alloys in that they have a reduced viscosity in comparison to castor oil alone so that application to the mold by conventional techniques is more uniform and formation of a varnish deposit or film is minimixed or eliminated. In addition, the compositions described herein also possess outstanding heat stability and the acetylation of some of the hydroxyl groups in the composition reduces Water sensitivity so that any material carried into the cooling water during the casting operation is more readily separated from the cooling water than when castor oil is used as the parting material.
It is to be understood that changes and variations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. A process of improving the parting properties of a mold for continuous casting of aluminum and its alloys which comprises coating said mold with a composition comprising a mixture of about 60 to 80% by weight of a castor oil and about 40 to 20% by weight of a lower alkyl ester of an acetylated hydroxy fatty acid having eight to twenty-two carbon atoms.
2. A process according to claim 1, wherein said lower alkyl ester is a lower alkyl acetyl ricinoleate.
3. A process according to claim *1, wherein said composition comprises a mixture of about by Weight of a castor oil and about 25% by weight of said lower alkyl ester of an acetylated hydroxy fatty acid.
4. A process according to claim 3 wherein said lower alkyl ester is butyl acetyl ricinoleate.
5. A method of improving casting of aluminum and its alloys which comprises coating a mold with a composition comprising a mixture of about 60 to by weight of a castor oil and about 40 to 20% by weight of a lower alkyl ester of an acetylated ricinoleate.
6. A method according to claim 5 wherein the com- DONALD J. ARNOLD, Primary Examiner position comprises about 75% by weight of a castor oil and about 25% by weight of butyl acetyl ricinoleate. HAYES Assistant Examiner References Cited 6 US. C1.X.R. UNITED STATES PATENTS 5 33 24 244; 154 73 2,045,913 6/1936 Hoy et a1 10638-24 XR 2,585,053 2/1952 Smith 106244
US644082A 1967-06-07 1967-06-07 Parting compositions Expired - Lifetime US3524751A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4522250A (en) * 1982-12-29 1985-06-11 Aluminum Company Of America Continuous casting with glycerol trioleate parting composition
US4602670A (en) * 1984-12-06 1986-07-29 Aluminum Company Of America Lubricating process
US4607679A (en) * 1984-12-06 1986-08-26 Aluminum Company Of America Providing oligomer moisture barrier in direct chill casting of aluminum-lithium alloy
US4628985A (en) * 1984-12-06 1986-12-16 Aluminum Company Of America Lithium alloy casting
US5100697A (en) * 1984-05-01 1992-03-31 Castrol A/S Method for improving the release of a moulded concrete body from the mould
US5494502A (en) * 1994-10-03 1996-02-27 The Chemmark Corporation Asphalt release agent
WO2002010114A2 (en) * 2000-08-02 2002-02-07 Mj Research & Development, L.P. Of Which Mjrd, Llc Is A General Partner Transesterified fatty esters for lubricant and refrigerant oil system

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2045913A (en) * 1933-08-28 1936-06-30 Dow Chemical Co Casting light metal
US2585053A (en) * 1952-02-12 Solid esteks and method of making

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2585053A (en) * 1952-02-12 Solid esteks and method of making
US2045913A (en) * 1933-08-28 1936-06-30 Dow Chemical Co Casting light metal

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4522250A (en) * 1982-12-29 1985-06-11 Aluminum Company Of America Continuous casting with glycerol trioleate parting composition
US5100697A (en) * 1984-05-01 1992-03-31 Castrol A/S Method for improving the release of a moulded concrete body from the mould
US4602670A (en) * 1984-12-06 1986-07-29 Aluminum Company Of America Lubricating process
US4607679A (en) * 1984-12-06 1986-08-26 Aluminum Company Of America Providing oligomer moisture barrier in direct chill casting of aluminum-lithium alloy
US4628985A (en) * 1984-12-06 1986-12-16 Aluminum Company Of America Lithium alloy casting
US5494502A (en) * 1994-10-03 1996-02-27 The Chemmark Corporation Asphalt release agent
WO2002010114A2 (en) * 2000-08-02 2002-02-07 Mj Research & Development, L.P. Of Which Mjrd, Llc Is A General Partner Transesterified fatty esters for lubricant and refrigerant oil system
US20020017629A1 (en) * 2000-08-02 2002-02-14 Benjamin Mosier Transesterification composition of fatty acid esters, and uses thereof
WO2002010114A3 (en) * 2000-08-02 2002-08-15 Mj Res & Dev L P Of Which Mjrd Transesterified fatty esters for lubricant and refrigerant oil system
US7252779B2 (en) 2000-08-02 2007-08-07 Mj Research Limited Partnership Transesterification composition of fatty acid esters, and uses thereof
US20080020956A1 (en) * 2000-08-02 2008-01-24 M/J Research And Development, Lp. Transesterification composition of fatty acid esters, and uses thereof
US7968504B2 (en) 2000-08-02 2011-06-28 MJ Research and Development, LP Transesterification composition of fatty acid esters, and uses thereof

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AS Assignment

Owner name: NL CHEMICALS, INC., A CORP. OF DE., NEW YORK

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NL INDUSTRIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004661/0323

Effective date: 19861118

Owner name: NL CHEMICALS, INC., 1230 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, N

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:NL INDUSTRIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004661/0323

Effective date: 19861118