US351521A - Steam car-brake - Google Patents

Description

- 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

A. s. ADO t vSTEAM GAR BRAKE.

Patented Oct. 26-, 18876.-

(No Model.) -2 Sheets- Sheet 2.

A? s. 'NADOIW. STEAM GAR BRAKE. No.-351,521. V Patented 001;. 26, 1886.

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N. PETERS. Phalo-Umognphur, Wmmrygtom D. c.

UNIT STATES l PATENT OFFICE;

/ ALEXANDER s. NADOW, on SPRINGFIELD, MAssAonUsE'rTs.

' STEAM CAR-BRAKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 351,521, dated October 26, 1886. Application filed September 2, 1886. Serial No. 212,455 (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER S. NADOW, a citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, county of Hampden, State of Massachusetts, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in Steam Gar-Brakes, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to that class of car brakes operated by an engine upon the locomotive, to be simultaneously applied to all of the cars of a' train; and the invention consists in the combination and construction, as hereinafter described, and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

My invention is fully illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure I is a plan view of the bottom of a car reversed having my mechanism combined therewith. Fig. II is a portion of the bottomof a car in the same position, showing the parts of my brake in two different positions from that shown in Fig. I. Figs. III and IV are different views of an improved hook for connecting thebrakerods of two cars, and Figs; V and VI are detail views.

B is a lever hung at b in the medial center of the car-body, to extend transversely to the body of the car, as shown, and supported from the bottom of the car centrally and at its ends, so as to vibrate in the plane of the car-bottom without sagging.

O G are connections from points 0 0 upon opposite sides of the pivot b, to the drums G 0' upon opposite ends of the car, and by means of which the lever B is vibrated by hand to operate the brakes.

D D are connections from points 0 c of lever B to the brake-bars E E, and by means of which connections a movement of lever B is diverted to the shoes 6 of the brake-bars, to either clamp or release the car-wheels F.

In the drawings the brake-bars Ea're shown upon opposite sides of single wheels, instead of being combined with the wheels of a truck, 7

as they would be in practice,without involving any'change'of principle in being so constructed, and, as the brake-bars E are hung in theusual way and are approached and released by the usual levers, d, to one end of which the connections D D are attached, itis not deemed essential to show said mechanism in elevation to explain the operation of my invention.

G G are cam-levers hung to the bottom of the car at g g at opposite sides, and upon op- ;posite ends of lever B, to move in the same plane with lever B, and adapted to bear alternately upon the ends of lever B to swing it upon its pivot b in one and the same direction. The ends of cam levers G G are hinged, respectively, to two levers, H H, at h h, the levers H H being hinged together at their other ends at i.

Projecting downward from the bottom of the car are stops I 1, arranged at the backs of cam-levers G G in the path of their swing in'one direction, and adapted to limit their movement, and to said can1-levers, and positioned between their hinged ends, are rods J J,

provided with springs j j, bearing against a fixed point upon the car-body, and which springs act to hold the cam-levers against stops I I and to resist their movement therefrom.

Between the hinged ends hi of lever H, and at a point correspondingwith the medial center of the car, is secured to the lever H the rod K from the engine L, and which rod, prolonged, is similarly attached to each lever H of each car of the train.

The engine L (here shown out of place) is located upon the locomotive, and is a singleacting one, in which steam is admitted behind a head having'a thirty-six-inch piston-stroke, or thereabout.

In Fig. I the position of the parts is shown when the brakes are loose, the springs upon rods J holding the cam-levers G G against the stops I I and the levers H H, as shown. If in this position the handbrakes O G are brought into operation, the lever B is swung away from the cam-levers, which can conse- T bear.

in Fig. II. The cam-lever G,bearing against its stop I, brings the lever H on a dead-center, to cause the hinge i to be the pivot upon which levcr H turns to swing cam G against lever B, as shown in Fig. II,land so apply the brake-shoes e. If power is applied in the direction indicated by the dotted arrow, Fig. II, the cam-lever G, bearing against stop I, as shown in dotted lines, leaves the lever H to swing upon it as a hinge, to cause cam-lever G to be operative to swing lever B, and so apply the brakes. The spring j restores either cam-lever and thelevers H H to their normal position, as seen in Fig. I, upon the engine L, releasing the connection K. It will be seen that by this combination and arrangement of levers and cams a locomotive can operate the brakes from either end of a train of cars, and that any car can be turned end for end without affecting the result.

As it would be nearly impossible to adjust the mechanism of a series of cars, the relative position of any one of which is liable to be changed at any time to that of the rest of a train, so that a given stroke of the engine-piston would simultaneously take up all slack in a train and apply the brakes, I provide a lost motion to the cam-levers G G, by means of which from a point on their cam-surface in contact with the end of lever B, when the brake is fuly applied, they can continue to roll to permit a motion to lever H without further swinging lever B, and without in the least releasing it. which would .be in effect to release the brake, and this I do by forming the surface of the cam from the point where its action as a cam is no longer needed, concentric with the hinge g or g, as seen in Fig. VI, by means of which construction the lever H can continue to swing until, all slack being taken up, all of the brakes of a train are operative. To lessen friction and prevent wear, the ends of lever B are provided with rollers m, against which the camlevers G G directly The normal position of lever B is as seen in Fig. I, in which position it is maintained by the weight of the suspended brakehars E E, assisted by spring 0, forming an elastic connection of the one D.

In practice, by means of the turn-buckle in connection D, the lengths of connections 0 and D are adjusted to the lever B in its position, Fig. I, to have the spring 0 slack, but so that the full power of the drums, determined by stops thereupon or by the length of the flexible part of connections 0, capable of being wound upon them, as well as the full power of the steam-engine, determined by the form of cam-levers G G, shall not set the spring Oin applying the brakes, butshallalways leave the brakes elastically applied to the wheels, by means of which the wheels F can be insured from being held firmly enough to slide when there is no ice upon the track.

An improved form of coupling-hook for the rod K is shown in Figs. I, III, and IV, and is specially adapted for use for speedily connecting and detaching corresponding sections of rod K under all conditions of tension or slack of the two.

A book, M, hinged at a, between side walls, 0, has its shank held within said walls, forming the body of the hook, by a spring-clasp, 12, adapted, as shown, to swing over said shank when so recessed. The clasp is forked to inclose three sides of the hook-body, and, being hinged to the side of the hook at p, is capable of being swung to pass over the shank end of the hook proper, M, and of being swung to release it. A spring, T, in rear of the clasp holds it normally in position over the hook-shank. The front face of the clasp is beveled to enable it to be pushed by the action of the hook-shank in closing the hook and the spring snaps the clasp in place. To release the hook,the finger is used to swing the clasp against its spring. The inner contour of the hook end and the position of the hinge n enable the hook to be swung to release it from another book or link under tension, while it has the advantage of being quickly operated. The hook M cannot release itself while the spring 0* holds, and I prefer a coil spriug, as shown, for the reason that even if broken it will continue to act, as no coil can escape from the hook when wound around it, as shown, between the clasp p and the link 8 upon its rear end. A handle, it, upon the top of the shank facilitatesits operation.

Now,having described my invention, what I claim is- 1. The within -described improved brake mechanism for railway-cars, consisting of a lever, B, hinged centrally at b, beneath the car-body, provided with connections D D upon opposite sides of its hinge to the brake-bars Eupon eitherside, and adapted to, through said connections, operate the brake-shoes 6 upon being vibrated, cam-levers G G, hinged upon opposite sides and upon opposite ends ofleverB in the same plane, and adapted to be swung to swing said lever by contact therewith, stops I I,adapted, as shown and described,to hold the cam-levers G G from movement in one direction, spring-connections J j from cam-levers G G, and adapted to bear said cam-levers against the stops I I, levers H H, hinged, respectively, at one of their ends to the cam levers G G and at their other ends to each other at z, and adapted, as shown, to cause a motion to lever H to bring one or the other of the cam-levers in operative contact with lever B as said motion is imparted from one or the other end-of the car, and connection K to lever H from the engine, all combined and operating as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In car-brake mechanism, the c0mbination, with a lever, B, adapted, through connections therefrom, to apply the brakes upon being swung, and with a swinging lever, H, directly connected with and receiving a motion from the engine, of a cam-lever, G, adapted to impart the movement of lever H to lever B, as shown and described, and of configuration adapting it to hold the lever B at the limit of its deflection, while permitting lever H to continue its movement in the same direction, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In car-brake mechanism, the combination, with a centrally-pivoted lever, B, provided with connections upon each side of its pivot b to the brake-bars upon each side, and

provided with connections 0 upon each side of its pivot to the drums O O, by means of which the brake-bars are operated manually, of means, as 0, in connection D, for adjusting the position of lever B, in combination with spring-connection D,and connections G,"adapted by their drums to be only taken up a de-

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