US351229A

US351229A - Electric motor

Info

Publication number: US351229A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1886-10-19
Anticipated expiration: 1903-10-19

Description

(No Model.)

H. WALTER,

ELECTRIC MOTOR.

No. 351,229. Patented Oct. 19, 1886.

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UNITED STATES PATENT Orri'cn.

HUGO IVALTEB, OF CINCINNATI, OIIIO.

ELECTRIC MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 351,229, dated October 19, 1886.

Application filed November '1, 1683. Serial No, 111,099. (No. model.) Patented in Belgium March I, 1883, No. (30,672, and in France May 5, 1883, No. 155,290.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, I'IUGO \VAL'IER, a citizen of the United States, of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, now residing at Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, have invented new and useful Improvements in Electric Motors and Dynamo-Machines, (for which I have obtained a patent in Belgium, bearing date the 7th of March, 1883, No. 60,672, and in France, hearing date the 5th of May, 1883, No. 155,290,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in electric motors and d uiamo-machines. The said machines are formed of two rotatory wheels mounted upon an axis, in combination with two series of fixed electro-magnets arranged in circles upon stationary disks or plates placed near the said wheels and parallel thereto. Each of the said rotatory wheels consists of a hub or nave of wood, or other suitable inaterial, in which are embedded and fixed radially blocks of cast-iron, each of which blocks carries two cores or arms of electro-magnets projecting radially from the center of the nave, the said cores or arms at their outer end being screwed into a washer or plate of soft iron. The said cores, of which there may be any suitable number, form a series of spokes or arms projecting radially from the hub, and connected together at their outer ends by metal bands or other suitable mechanical means. Each of the said cores is surrounded by a coil of insulated wire. The two rotatory wheels are fixed side by side upon the central axis in such a manner that the alternate magnets of one wheel correspond with the spaces left vacant in the other wheel, so that the two wheels form together an uninterrupted circle or series of coils. Parallel to the outer face of each of the said rotatory wheels is a vertical disk or plate of circular or other suitable shape, carried by a frame, or otherwise fixed in position, and upon each of the said stationary plates or disks are mounted perpendicularly to the poles of the magnets of the rotatory wheels as many coils of insulated wire as there are coils on the rotatory wheel next it, the said coils being carried by cores affixed to the disk or plate,

and on the outer end of each of the said cores is a prolongation or neck made of soft iron, formed so that its outer end comes just over the washer or plate on the outer end of one of the arms or spokes of the rotatory wheel next it. The wires of the coils of the rotatory wheels collect on a commutator revolving on the axis. The coils of the outer plates or disks receive the current directly from an outside source of electricity without any reversing of currents. It follows that the middle or rotatory wheels, with the aid of the commutator, find a continuous opposite polarity inthe poles of the outside plates or disks, and thereby are continually propelled forward,

In short, my invention relates to that type of electromotors or dynamo-machines having two or more stationary outer plates or disks provided with coils of insulated wire and two or more rotatory inner wheels, provided also with coils of insulated wire, the said rotatory wheels being combined with the coils of the outer plates or disks, so that the attractive power of the electro-magnets is constantly of the same intensity. The attractive power of one coil of one of the stationary plates or disks upon a coil of the corresponding rotatory wheel decreases in a direct ratio to the square of the distance which separates thetwo coils, and attains a minimum action at the middle of the distance, between the said fixed coil and that immediately next it. I arrange the coils upon the two wheels, so that while there is a minimum attractive action between the coils of one of the stationary plates or disks and those of the corresponding rotatory wheel, there is a maximum action between the coils of the other stationary plate or disk and those of its correspondingrotatory wheel; but in order that my invention may be better understood, I will proceed to describe,with reference to the accompanying drawings, the means of carrying the same into effect.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of an electric motor constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a view of the left side of the same, taken through a plane, A B, through the middle of Fig. 1; Fig. 3, view of the right side, also taken through the middle of Fig. 1 at C D.

The said machine consists of two rotatory wheels, c b, mounted upon an axisfc, and of two stationary plates or disks, d 6, carried by a suitable frame or fixture. Each of the wheels a Z) consists of a hub or nave, f f, in which are embedded and fixed radially the east iron blocks 5/ g, each of which carries two cores or arms of soft iron, 71. The blocks 9 g are embedded in the two hubs or naves ff through out their circumference, so that the cores h h, which are amxed to the said blocks,form spokes or arms projecting radially from the center all round,the hubs or Inaves f f respectively. Each of the said cores is surrounded by a coil of insulated wire, a a 6 Z), and they thus form elcctro-magnets. Theirouterends are screwed, and upon the said screwed parts are screwed plates or washers it, made of soft iron, by which the opposite poles of the electromagnets are brought as close as possible one to the other.

By anylsuitablc mechanical means the circle of electro-magnets constituting the spokes of the two rotatory wheels is firmly connected together and maintained in its place. In the drawings the cores of the coils are held together byjhoops or bands of copper j and j, respectively, suitable holes or apertures being formed in the said hoops or bands for the ends of the cores It to pass through.

On each of the stationary disks or plates (Z c a series of coils of insulated wire, Z Z, forming electromagnets, is mounted at right angles to the coils a b of the two rotatory wheels. The rear ends of the cores m m of the coils Z Z are firmly set in the stationary disks or plates dc, respectively, and upon the front ends of the said cores m m are screwed or otherwise fixed projections or necks n a, on the ends of which are formed collars or flanges o o, respectively, as close as possible to the washers or plates i i. r

The two wheels a b are so mounted on the shaft 0 that the axes of the coils a of one of the said wheels are opposite to the middle of the spaces between the coils b of the other wheel, and that the alternate magnets of both wheels correspond with the places left vacant in each single wheel, and by providing each of the said rotatory wheels with a series of sta tionary coils operating upon its poles at the shortest possible distance I obtain a maximum of attractive power, for while one of the retatory wheels is too far from its opposite polarities in the coils of the stationary plate or disk next to it to work well ,the other rotatory wheel, being close to its opposite polarities, is attracted thereby, and the forward motion thus imparted to it causes the wheel next it to move forward again into its mostfavorable position, and then this latter wheel renders to the other wheel the same service by moving it nearer to its polarities.

The wires of the magnets of the two rotatory wheels are all collected on a commutator mounted upon the shaft 0 and revolving with from the other, the whole being set in a circular form upon the shaft or axis. The eighteen alternate blades are connected together in two sets, one set taking it always to one end of my eighteen magnets. Since the brushes are stationary, the current is reversed in all the electro-magnets at each thirtysixth part of a revolution of the commutator.

As already stated, the coils of the plates or disks (l c are stationary and receive their current of electricity direct from some outside source of electricity without any reversing of currents. It follows that the middle rotatory wheels with the aid of the commutator find a continuous opposite polarity in the poles of the outer plates or disks, and thereby are continually propelled forward.

The motor thus constructed overcomes the usually fatal point in electromagnetic attractionviz., the distance between opposite poles which are to act upon each other.

By increasing thepower of the electro-magnets the length of the cores and coils of the retatory wheels might be diminished in proportion to the power developed at their poles. In this case the diameter of the hub or nave should be increased so as always to have the same leverage.

The machine may, if preferred, be constructed so that the inner wheels are stationary, the outer coils being then mounted upon rotatory disks or wheels. In this case the commutator would naturally be connected to the outer wheels. Upon the shaft of the rotatory wheels is mounted a pulley provided with a belt or band for transmitting the motion, as is usual in stationary engines; or chains, straps, steel bands, cables, toothed or friction wheels may be used to transmit the motion for carriages and other vehicles, &c. The mode of transmitting the motion and the mechanical means employed for that purpose may be varied according to the different applications of the motor.

It will be observed that an important feature in my improved clectromotor is, that I augment the distance between the point of attraction and the center of the axis carrying the electro-magnets, and thus I increase the leverage upon which the magnetic force acts, producing the greatest development of power with the smallest possible quantity of electricity.

I claim as my invention In an clectromotor or dynamo-machine, the combination of two sets of rotating magnets,

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carried by a single shaft and arranged with the in close proximity and parallel to the polar magnets of one set opposite the spaces between extremities of the rotating magnets, substanthe magnets of the other set, end-two sets of tielly as described.

fixed magnets, one for either set ofreteting HUGO WALTER. 5 magnets, arranged at right angles thereto, and Witnesses; provided with necks or polar extensions so R. S. KIRKPATRICK bent that the ends of the polar extremities are l 1 H. T. E. KIRKPATRICK.