US3505890A - Multi-pawl ratchet indexer - Google Patents

Multi-pawl ratchet indexer Download PDF

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Publication number
US3505890A
US3505890A US777221A US3505890DA US3505890A US 3505890 A US3505890 A US 3505890A US 777221 A US777221 A US 777221A US 3505890D A US3505890D A US 3505890DA US 3505890 A US3505890 A US 3505890A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pawls
pins
pin
series
pawl
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Expired - Lifetime
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US777221A
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English (en)
Inventor
Carl G Peterson
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CARL G PETERSON CO Inc
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CARL G PETERSON CO Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H31/00—Other gearings with freewheeling members or other intermittently driving members
    • F16H31/001—Mechanisms with freewheeling members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/15—Intermittent grip type mechanical movement
    • Y10T74/1526—Oscillation or reciprocation to intermittent unidirectional motion
    • Y10T74/1553—Lever actuator
    • Y10T74/1555—Rotary driven element
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2133—Pawls and ratchets
    • Y10T74/2136—Pivoted pawls

Definitions

  • a multi-pawl ratchet indexer for close tolerance feeding on any type of roll feed comprising a ratchet wheel fixed to a shaft, a plurality of pawls extending around the periphery of the ratchet wheel, said pawls being arranged with respect to said ratchet teeth so that there is always at least one pawl in alignment with the driving edge of said teeth, said pawls being pivotally mounted between a pair of spaced plates with means for imparting oscillatory movement to said plates, whereby to intermittently drive said ratchet wheel with a minimum of backlash, and means normally urging said pawls into engagement with said ratchet wheel, said means also functioning to limit the outward movement of the pawls at a point where the pawls barely clear the ratchet wheel.
  • This invention relates to feed mechanisms for stamping presses and the like, as well as other apparatus using a roll feed, and comprises an improvement over US. Patent No. 2,591,993, dated Apr. 8, 1952.
  • a ratchet wheel for intermittently driving a feed shaft, said ratchet wheel co operating with a series of pawls extending in a circular path around the peripheray of the ratchet wheel, said pawls having a vernier arrangement with respect to said teeth wherein a minimum of slippage of backlash exists. It has been found desirable, however, particularly in highspeed operations, to provide positive stop means for limiting the outward movement of the pawls, and particularly to limit said outward movement to a point where the pawl just barely clears the teeth of the ratchet wheel. The failure to include such means in the aforesaid patented structure has rendered such structure unsatisfactory for high-speed applications and has further resulted in excessive wear on the spring means that normally urge the pawls toward the ratchet teeth.
  • Another object is the provision of a multi-pawl ratchet indexer that is capable of operating at much higher speeds than prior art indexers of this type.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of an indexer embodying the instant invention with the major portion of the front face plate removed for purposes of illustration;
  • FIG. 2 is an end elevational view thereof
  • FIGURE 3 is an enlarged fragmentary view showing the pawls and ratchet wheel
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective detail of one of the pawls
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective detail of the stop pin
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged exploded perspective view of the hub and ratchet wheel assembly
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken on line 77 of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken on line 88 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional view illustrating a slightly modified form of my invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective detail of one of the collar members embodied in the modified form of my invention.
  • the mechanism 10 comprises a pair of identical face plates 12, 14 constructed of any suitable structural material, said plates being substantially circular and having aligned extensions 16, 18 receiving a cross rod 20 on which a standard lever arm 22 from the stamping press eccentric (not shown) is pivotally mounted, whereby reciprocal movement of the arm 22, in response to rotation of the eccentric, results in oscillating movement of the plates 12, 14 as a unit.
  • the face plates 12, 14 rotatably receive a shaft or hub 24, said shaft being maintained in assembled relation with the face plates by means of a fixed collar 26 and a retaining ring 28, note FIG. 6.
  • a ratchet wheel 34 Keyed to the shaft 24, as by spline 30 and key 32, is a ratchet wheel 34 having a plurality of ratchet teeth 36 extending around its outer periphery.
  • the shaft or hub 24 is rotatably mounted with respect to face plates 12, 14, but is drivingly engaged to the feed roll shaft shown in broken lines at 38 in FIG. 2.
  • shaft or hub 24 turns therewith and simultaneously drives the feed roll shaft 38 to effect the desired feed of stock to the stamping press, punch press or similar equipment.
  • a series of pawls 40 is pivotally mounted on cross studs 42, said cross studs being fixedly received in oppositely disposed bores in face plates 12, 14, as shown most clearly in FIG. 8.
  • the series of pawls extends circumferentially around the periphery of ratchet wheel 34 and has a ver nier arrangement with respect thereto, whereby one pawl in the series will always be in substantial alignment with the driving edge of a ratchet tooth.
  • backlash is minimized, to the extent that a feed is provided that is accurate to better than of an inch.
  • each pair of side-by-side pawls may have their driving edge 44 slightly offset with respect to each other, thus reducing by one-half any backlash that may occur.
  • a vernier arrangement is provided that would be the equivalent of having a single series of pawls but with twice the number of individual pawls. If desired, the two series of pawls may be in complete alignment with each other, as shown in FIG. 8, thus increasing the strength of the drive, al though not the accuracy thereof.
  • the operation and structure of the indexing mechanism 10, as described to this point, is identical to that of aforesaid US. Patent No. 2,591,993. It has been found desirable, however, to provide novel means for limiting outward pivotal movement of the pawls 40, since by carefully controlling the movement of the pawls, a much greater feed speed can be effectively obtained.
  • the desired stop means is achieved by utilizing cross pins 46, preferably of nylon, although other suitable materials could be used, there being a pin 46 located above each pawl 40 adjacent to stud 42, but slightly ofi'set therefrom so that the pin 46 may impart a moment to the pawl or pawls with which it is in engagement.
  • the pins 46 are received in aligned bores 48 located on the inner surfaces of plates 12 and 14, and it is important to note that the diameter of the bores 48 is substantially larger than the diameter of pins 46, whereupon the pins are free to move radially with respect to the center of ratchet wheel 34 within predetermined limits.
  • the bores 48 are dimensioned so that some degree of lateral or side-by-side play exists between the pins 46 and the plates 12 and 14.
  • Each pin 46 is provided with a pair of circumferential grooves 50 which are adapted to receive therein a pair of springs 52, each of which extends in a complete loop around the entire circular series of pins 46, It will therefore be obvious that the springs 52 bias the pins 46 radially inwardly; and since the pins are in engaement with the pawls 40, the latter are also normally biased inwardly toward ratchet teeth 36.
  • the relative diametrical dimensions of bore 48 and pins 46 is such that the pins 46, under action of the springs 52, are free to force the pawls radially inward to the complete depth of the ratchet teeth.
  • the outward movement of the pawls is limited to a point where the tooth 34 of the pawl barely clears the outer edge of the ratchet teeth 36. Actually, the preferred clearance is about of an inch.
  • the pins 46 may move laterally is important for two reasons. First of all, this lateral play distributes the wear on the pins, and, at the same time, this play is necessary to enable the pin to tilt when one pawl is down and the pawl alongside it is up, as illustrated in FIG. 7. It will also be noted that some degree of rotation of the pins 46 will take place during operation of the device, due to vibration and the like. This rotation causes the springs 52 to move axially, thereby distributing the wear on the springs and hence increasing the working life of the springs.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 a slightly modified form of my invention is shown wherein a pin 56 is fixedly mounted between plates 12 and 14 in lieu of the loosely mounted pin 46.
  • the desired radial movement is achieved by mounting circular collars 58 on the pin 56, with the inner diameter of the collars 58 being substantially larger than the outer diameter of pin 56.
  • the collars 58 are provided with a circumferential groove 60 for receiving the springs 52 in the same manner as the aforedescribed grooves 50.
  • enlarged portion 62 is provided at the center of pin 56, it being understood that said enlarged portion may take the form of a washer secured to the pin or an integral flange provided thereon.
  • enlarged portion 62 may take the form of a washer secured to the pin or an integral flange provided thereon.
  • the pins 46 and their cooperating springs 52 always bias the pawls inwardly, and the pins 46 simultaneously serve as limit stops for controlling the outward movement of the pawls, to a point where the teeth of the pawls barely clear the ratchet teeth, thus enabling the feed to operate much faster than has heretofore been possible. Also, by utilizing the pins 46 simultaneously as the biasing means and the stop means for the pawls, a space saving is effected which enables the indexing mechanism to have maximum compactness.
  • a multi-pawl ratchet indexer having a pair of spaced parallel plates, means imparting oscillating movement to said plates as a unit, a shaft extending between said plates and freely rotatable with respect thereto, a wheel keyed to said shaft having a plurality of ratchet teeth extending around its periphery, a series of pawls pivotally mounted between said plates, said pawls being positioned radially outward from the periphery of said ratchet 'wheel and extending therearound, the improvement comprising means mounted radially outward of each pawl and in engagement therewith, said means being radially movable between a first position wherein rotation of the pawl away from the ratchet teeth is limited to a point where the pawl clears the ratchet teeth but is closely adjacent thereto and a second position wherein the pawl rotates to engage the ratchet teeth for the complete depth of the latter, and resilient means normally biasing said movable means and hence
  • said movable means comprising a pin extending across said plates, recesses in said plates receiving the opposite ends of said pin, said recesses being dismensioned to permit movement of said pins between said first and second positions.
  • said resilient means comprising a spring extending in a complete loop around said pins.
  • each of said pins having a groove extending therearound for receiving said spring.
  • the indexer of claim 1 further characterized in that two side-by-side series of pawls extend around the periphcry of said ratchet wheel, said movable means comprising a pin extending across said plates, recesses in said plates receiving the opposite ends of said pin, said recesses being dimensioned to permit movement of said pins between said first and second position, said resilient means comprising a pair of side-by-side springs, each extending in a complete loop around said pins with each spring in substantial alignment with one series of pawls, the outer surface of said pawls that is engaged by said pins'being gently curved from side to side.
  • said movable means comprising a fixed cylindrical pin extending across said plates, and a circular collar mounted on said pin, the inner diameter of said collar being substantially larger than the outer diameter of said pin, whereby said collar is free to move between said first and second positions.
  • said resilient means comprising a spring extending in a complete loop around said collars, said collars having means on their outer surface receiving said spring.
  • the indexer of claim 1 further characterized in that two side-by-side series of pawls extend around the periphery of said ratchet wheel, said movable means comprising a fixed cylindrical pin extending across said plates, a pair of circular collars mounted on each pin, the inner diameter of said collars being substantially larger than the outer diameter of said pin, whereby said collars are free to move between said first and second positions, and means for maintaining one series of collars in substantial alignment with one series of pawls, and the other series of collars in substantial alignment with the other series of pawls.
  • said resilient means comprising a pair of side-by-side springs, one extending in a 7 complete loop around one series of collars, and the other 1,418,068 5/1922 Collins 74577 1,948,082 2/1934 Strangeland 74577 2,061,000 11/1936 Michel et a1 74142 3,086,405 4/1963 Fleming 74-142 3,301,089 1/1967 Wechsler 74568 FRED C. MATTE'RN, JR., Primary Examiner W. S. RATLIFF, JR., Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R. 74--577

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Advancing Webs (AREA)
US777221A 1968-11-20 1968-11-20 Multi-pawl ratchet indexer Expired - Lifetime US3505890A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US77722168A 1968-11-20 1968-11-20

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US3505890A true US3505890A (en) 1970-04-14

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US (1) US3505890A (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE1958121A1 (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB1227689A (en, 2012)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4028954A (en) * 1975-03-19 1977-06-14 Institut Fuer Industriellen Fortschritt Ag Slip-free sheave or pulley
US4116314A (en) * 1977-03-03 1978-09-26 Leonard Stanley Ackerman Over running clutch
US5160005A (en) * 1990-11-27 1992-11-03 Allied-Signal Inc. Pawl and ratchet clutch with torsion shaft
US20120111687A1 (en) * 2010-11-05 2012-05-10 Peterson Jody A Roller pawl for use in ratchet and pawl style clutches
WO2019110697A1 (en) * 2017-12-05 2019-06-13 Dimitris Kolokotronis Antenna steering and locking apparatus
US11831065B2 (en) 2019-10-15 2023-11-28 Dimitris Kolokotronis Antenna support system and method of installing the same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3306809C1 (de) * 1983-02-26 1984-07-19 Nordmeyer KG, 3150 Peine Bohrgeraete

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1418068A (en) * 1922-05-30 Automobile starting- device
US1948082A (en) * 1931-09-21 1934-02-20 Stangeland Ole Free wheel and back stop device
US2061000A (en) * 1934-10-12 1936-11-17 Gen Motors Corp Reflector or bulb shifting mechanism for head lamps
US3086405A (en) * 1961-06-07 1963-04-23 Specialties Dev Corp Mechanical power transmission unit
US3301089A (en) * 1964-11-09 1967-01-31 Wechsler Paul Henry Adjustable cam

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1418068A (en) * 1922-05-30 Automobile starting- device
US1948082A (en) * 1931-09-21 1934-02-20 Stangeland Ole Free wheel and back stop device
US2061000A (en) * 1934-10-12 1936-11-17 Gen Motors Corp Reflector or bulb shifting mechanism for head lamps
US3086405A (en) * 1961-06-07 1963-04-23 Specialties Dev Corp Mechanical power transmission unit
US3301089A (en) * 1964-11-09 1967-01-31 Wechsler Paul Henry Adjustable cam

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4028954A (en) * 1975-03-19 1977-06-14 Institut Fuer Industriellen Fortschritt Ag Slip-free sheave or pulley
US4116314A (en) * 1977-03-03 1978-09-26 Leonard Stanley Ackerman Over running clutch
US5160005A (en) * 1990-11-27 1992-11-03 Allied-Signal Inc. Pawl and ratchet clutch with torsion shaft
US20120111687A1 (en) * 2010-11-05 2012-05-10 Peterson Jody A Roller pawl for use in ratchet and pawl style clutches
WO2019110697A1 (en) * 2017-12-05 2019-06-13 Dimitris Kolokotronis Antenna steering and locking apparatus
US11387540B2 (en) 2017-12-05 2022-07-12 Dimitris Kolokotronis Antenna steering and locking apparatus
US11831065B2 (en) 2019-10-15 2023-11-28 Dimitris Kolokotronis Antenna support system and method of installing the same

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DE1958121A1 (de) 1970-11-19
GB1227689A (en, 2012) 1971-04-07

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