US3505228A - Corrosion inhibiting lubricant composition - Google Patents

Corrosion inhibiting lubricant composition Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3505228A
US3505228A US723882A US3505228DA US3505228A US 3505228 A US3505228 A US 3505228A US 723882 A US723882 A US 723882A US 3505228D A US3505228D A US 3505228DA US 3505228 A US3505228 A US 3505228A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
compositions
alkylamine
alkanol
weight
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US723882A
Inventor
Hayward R Baker
Robert N Bolster
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Department of Navy
Original Assignee
US Department of Navy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Department of Navy filed Critical US Department of Navy
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3505228A publication Critical patent/US3505228A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M5/00Solid or semi-solid compositions containing as the essential lubricating ingredient mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/281Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/282Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/283Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/286Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/34Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/12Partial amides of polycarboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/26Amines
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/12Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/015Dispersions of solid lubricants
    • C10N2050/02Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10Semi-solids; greasy

Definitions

  • Liquid compositions which are solutions in a volatile hydrocarbon solvent, such as n-hexane, of a lubricating oil, an antioxidant for the lubricating oil, a lower alkanol such as ethanol, and a reaction product which is prepared by heating a monoalkyl or monoalkenyl succinic anhydride with a primary or secondary long chain alkylamine in a ratio of from about 1.5 to 1.9 equivalents of the hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride per equivalent of the alkylamine and in the presence of an excess of the lower alkanol to form a solution having a temperature in the range of from about 50 C. to 5 C. below the boiling point of the alkanol.
  • the liquid compositions are useful for providing a soft, non-tacky, solid coating of corrosion inhibitor and lubricant on metal surfaces. Additionally, they may be applied to displace water from wet metal surfaces.
  • the invention relates to new liquid compositions which are useful for displacing Water from metal surfaces and providing a corrosion inhibitor and lubricant on metal surfaces in the form of a soft, non-tacky solid coating.
  • compositions of the invention which, broadly stated, comprise a corrosion inhibitor which is a reaction product hereinafter more fully described, a lubricating oil and a water-displacing agent which is a lower alkanol.
  • reaction products which constitute the corrosion inhibitors for the new compositions are obtained by heating a C to C alkyl or alkenyl succinic anhydride in admixture with a C to C primary or secondary alkylamine in the ratio of from about 1.5 to 1.9 equivalents of the hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride per equivalent of the alkylamine and in the presence of an excess of a C to C alkanol to form a solution at a temperature in the range of from about 50 C. to about 5 C. below the boiling point of the alkanol. Solution occurs quickly at these temperatures. Once the solution is formed, reaction takes place to form the reaction product.
  • the anhydride ring is split with formation of mixed isomers of an alkylamine salt and of an alkyl ester of the hydrocarbyl succinic acid alkyl half-amide.
  • the alkyl portion of the ester group is derived from the alkanol. Small amounts of the unreacted hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride will usually be present in the reaction product.
  • reaction products constituting the corrosion inhibitor components for the compositions of the invention are comprised predominantly of mixed isomers in varying proportions of a C to C alkylamine salt and a C to C alkylester of a C to C alkyl or alkenyl succinic acid C to C alkyl half-amide.
  • the alkanol used in forming the reaction products may be ethanol, propanol or isopropanol. It is used in an excess which may be from about 2 to 3 times the combined weight of the starting alkyl or alkenyl succinic anhydride and alkylamine to provide a diluent for the reaction and the water-displacing agent in the new compositions.
  • the alkanol may be used dry or contain water in amounts which do not result in the compositions containing more than 2% by weight of water.
  • the lubricating oil in the new composition may be a mineral oil or a synthetic lubricating oil, for example, an ester oil such as 2-ethylhexylsebacate and the mixed C -C monocarboxylic acid esters of pentaerythritol.
  • the lubricating oil may be present in the compositions in amounts which are from about 40 to 60% by weight of the reaction product therein. Together, the lubricating oil and the reaction product content of the compositions may range from about 10 to 25% by weight thereof.
  • antioxidants are the known 2,6-di(tertiarybutyl) p-cresol and 2,4-dimethyl-6- tertiarybutylphenol.
  • compositions of the invention are clear solutions of from about 6 to 10% by weight of a reaction product as defined above, from about 20 to 30% by weight of a C to C alkanol, from about 4 to 15% by weight of a lubricating oil and a small amount, about 0.15% by weight, of an antioxidant for the lubricating oil in a volatile hydrocarbon solvent having a boiling point in the range of from about 60 to C., for example, n-hexane and n-heptane.
  • the volatile hydrocarbon solvent is the vehicle for application of the compostions and may be used in varying amounts, for example, from about 45 to 70% of the compositions. Water may be present in the compositions but not in amounts which would cause precipitation of the reaction products from solution. Permissible amounts of water in the compostions are up to about 2% by weight.
  • the new compositions are applied as a spray to metal surfaces to be coated, such as steel, stainless steel aluminum and brass surfaces of military small arms, to deposit thereon a corrosion inhibiting and lubricating coating which, on evaporation of the solvents dries to a soft, solid film having a wax-like (non-tacky) surface which is easy to handle and offers little adhesion to sand and dust particles.
  • the deposited coating bonds to the metal surfaces through the polar amide, ester and amine salt groups of the reaction product component of the composition.
  • the alcohol component of the applied composition will function to displace this water from the surface to provide a dry metal surface to which the solid coating will bond.
  • the coatings so applied have the additional advantage of protecting adjacent scratched areas of metal through spread of lubricating oil thereto.
  • reaction products which constitute the corrosion inhibitors of the compositions of the invention and which, additionally, provide, for the most part, the structure of the non-tacky, soft, wax-like solid coatings on metal surfaces sprayed with the compositions are prepared from alkyl or alkenyl succinic anhydrides of the formula:
  • R is an alkyl or alkenyl radical of from 8 to 18 carbon atoms which may be normal or branched, for example, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, Z-ethylhexyl, isostearyl, etc., octenyl, decenyl, dodecenyl tetradecenyl, hexadecenyl, heptadecenyl, octadecenyl, tetrapropenyl etc. and a primary or secondary alkylamine of the formula:
  • R is an alkyl radical having a straight chain of from 18 to 22 carbon atoms and R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having a straight chain ofi from 18 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • R is an alkyl radical having a straight chain of from 18 to 22 carbon atoms and R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having a straight chain ofi from 18 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • the preparation of the reaction products is illustrated by the following specific example. While a mixture of the alkylamines was used, the preparation is the same for making the reaction products using the individual alkylamines as defined above. Although water was added in preparing the reaction product such is not necessary and the dry alkanol may be used.
  • the re- Sulting mixture containing the hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride and the mixed alkylamines in a equivalent ratio of 1.8 to 1, respectively, was warmed to 50 C. under stirring to form a solution which was accomplished in about 2-3 minutes heating time.
  • composition solution prepared as above, was sprayed on water-wet steel plates and found to provide a soft, wax-like solid coating after evaporation of the solvents.
  • a further portion of the composition solution was sprayed on a submachine gun to coat the metal parts, including the moving parts.
  • the coated gun was submerged for a half-hour in synthetic sea water in a pressure tank under an applied pressure equivalent to a ZOO-foot head of water.
  • the wet submachine gun was withdrawn from the sea water and wrapped in a plastic bag to retain the water on the gun and allowed to stand in this condition for 3 days.
  • the gun was then examined for evidence of corrosion of the metal surfaces and a few small spots of rust were found here and there. They were not such as to cause malfunction of the gun.
  • Metal surfaces of a subrnachine gun were coated in the field from a composition solution prepared as above. The coated gun was hand immersed in the surf, withdrawn, and laid on the dry sand of the beach to determine sand pickup by the coating. The amount of sand which adhered to the coating was substantially less than would have adhered to a Cosmoline or the like oily coating heretofore used on guns.
  • a liquid composition comprising from about 45 to 70% by weight of a volatile hydrocarbon solvent having a boiling point in the range of from about 60 to C., from about 20 to 30% by weight of a C to C alkanol, from about 4 to 15% by weight of a lubricating oil, a small amount of an antioxidant for the lubricating oil, and from about 6 to 10% by weight of a reaction product prepared by heating a hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride of the group consisting of C to C monoalkyl and C to C monoalkenyl succinic anhydrides in admixture with an alkylamine of the group consisting of primary and secondary alkylamines having a straight chain of from 18 to 22 carbon atoms in a ratio of from about 1.5 to 1.9 equivalents of the hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride per equivalent of the alkylamine and in the presence of an excess of a C to C alkonal to form a solution having

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

United States Patent Ofiiice 3,505,228 Patented Apr. 7, 1970 3,505,228 CORROSION INH BITING LUBRICANT COMPOSITION Hayward R. Baker, Silver Spring, Md., and Robert N. Bolster, Fairfax County, Va., assignors to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy No Drawing. Filed Apr. 24, 1968, Ser. No. 723,882 Int. Cl. C10m 1/32 U.S. Cl. 252-5l.5 7 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Liquid compositions which are solutions in a volatile hydrocarbon solvent, such as n-hexane, of a lubricating oil, an antioxidant for the lubricating oil, a lower alkanol such as ethanol, and a reaction product which is prepared by heating a monoalkyl or monoalkenyl succinic anhydride with a primary or secondary long chain alkylamine in a ratio of from about 1.5 to 1.9 equivalents of the hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride per equivalent of the alkylamine and in the presence of an excess of the lower alkanol to form a solution having a temperature in the range of from about 50 C. to 5 C. below the boiling point of the alkanol. The liquid compositions are useful for providing a soft, non-tacky, solid coating of corrosion inhibitor and lubricant on metal surfaces. Additionally, they may be applied to displace water from wet metal surfaces.
The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of the United States of America for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.
The invention relates to new liquid compositions which are useful for displacing Water from metal surfaces and providing a corrosion inhibitor and lubricant on metal surfaces in the form of a soft, non-tacky solid coating.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION Materials heretofore used for providing corrosion inhibiting coatings are not generally suitable for use on equipment which is handled in use and has parts which move in frictional contact, such as military small arms. A film of the corrosion inhibitor alone is usually too thin to provide sufficient lubrication. Coatings in which the corrosion inhibitor is contained in a wax vehicle are hard or viscous and as such would impede the operation of moving parts. Oily to tacky coatings which contain the corrosion inhibitor are objectionable when the equipment has to be handled and are conductive to pickup of sand and dust which results in wear and malfunction.
It is an object of the present invention to provide new corrosion inhibiting and lubricating compositions which are suitable for use on equipment which has to be handled in use.
It is also an object to provide new compositions of the aforesaid kind which additionally are effective to displace water from metal surfaces.
STATEMENT OF INVENTION The above and other objects are accomplished in the new compositions of the invention which, broadly stated, comprise a corrosion inhibitor which is a reaction product hereinafter more fully described, a lubricating oil and a water-displacing agent which is a lower alkanol.
The reaction products which constitute the corrosion inhibitors for the new compositions are obtained by heating a C to C alkyl or alkenyl succinic anhydride in admixture with a C to C primary or secondary alkylamine in the ratio of from about 1.5 to 1.9 equivalents of the hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride per equivalent of the alkylamine and in the presence of an excess of a C to C alkanol to form a solution at a temperature in the range of from about 50 C. to about 5 C. below the boiling point of the alkanol. Solution occurs quickly at these temperatures. Once the solution is formed, reaction takes place to form the reaction product.
In the reaction between the hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride and the alkylamine, the anhydride ring is split with formation of mixed isomers of an alkylamine salt and of an alkyl ester of the hydrocarbyl succinic acid alkyl half-amide. The alkyl portion of the ester group is derived from the alkanol. Small amounts of the unreacted hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride will usually be present in the reaction product. The reaction products constituting the corrosion inhibitor components for the compositions of the invention are comprised predominantly of mixed isomers in varying proportions of a C to C alkylamine salt and a C to C alkylester of a C to C alkyl or alkenyl succinic acid C to C alkyl half-amide.
The alkanol used in forming the reaction products may be ethanol, propanol or isopropanol. It is used in an excess which may be from about 2 to 3 times the combined weight of the starting alkyl or alkenyl succinic anhydride and alkylamine to provide a diluent for the reaction and the water-displacing agent in the new compositions. The alkanol may be used dry or contain water in amounts which do not result in the compositions containing more than 2% by weight of water.
The lubricating oil in the new composition may be a mineral oil or a synthetic lubricating oil, for example, an ester oil such as 2-ethylhexylsebacate and the mixed C -C monocarboxylic acid esters of pentaerythritol. The lubricating oil may be present in the compositions in amounts which are from about 40 to 60% by weight of the reaction product therein. Together, the lubricating oil and the reaction product content of the compositions may range from about 10 to 25% by weight thereof.
To protect the lubricating oil against oxidation, a small amount, about 0.15% by weight, of an antioxidant is included in the compositions. Suitable antioxidants are the known 2,6-di(tertiarybutyl) p-cresol and 2,4-dimethyl-6- tertiarybutylphenol.
The compositions of the invention are clear solutions of from about 6 to 10% by weight of a reaction product as defined above, from about 20 to 30% by weight of a C to C alkanol, from about 4 to 15% by weight of a lubricating oil and a small amount, about 0.15% by weight, of an antioxidant for the lubricating oil in a volatile hydrocarbon solvent having a boiling point in the range of from about 60 to C., for example, n-hexane and n-heptane. The volatile hydrocarbon solvent is the vehicle for application of the compostions and may be used in varying amounts, for example, from about 45 to 70% of the compositions. Water may be present in the compositions but not in amounts which would cause precipitation of the reaction products from solution. Permissible amounts of water in the compostions are up to about 2% by weight.
The new compositions are applied as a spray to metal surfaces to be coated, such as steel, stainless steel aluminum and brass surfaces of military small arms, to deposit thereon a corrosion inhibiting and lubricating coating which, on evaporation of the solvents dries to a soft, solid film having a wax-like (non-tacky) surface which is easy to handle and offers little adhesion to sand and dust particles. The deposited coating bonds to the metal surfaces through the polar amide, ester and amine salt groups of the reaction product component of the composition. When the coating is subjected to the shearing action of metal parts moving in frictional contact the structure of the coating breaks down to a grease-like consistency, offering lubrication and little resistance to the moving parts. Where the metal surfaces are wet with a film of water, the alcohol component of the applied composition will function to displace this water from the surface to provide a dry metal surface to which the solid coating will bond. The coatings so applied have the additional advantage of protecting adjacent scratched areas of metal through spread of lubricating oil thereto.
PREPARATION OF THE REACTION PRODUCT The reaction products which constitute the corrosion inhibitors of the compositions of the invention and which, additionally, provide, for the most part, the structure of the non-tacky, soft, wax-like solid coatings on metal surfaces sprayed with the compositions are prepared from alkyl or alkenyl succinic anhydrides of the formula:
where R is an alkyl or alkenyl radical of from 8 to 18 carbon atoms which may be normal or branched, for example, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, Z-ethylhexyl, isostearyl, etc., octenyl, decenyl, dodecenyl tetradecenyl, hexadecenyl, heptadecenyl, octadecenyl, tetrapropenyl etc. and a primary or secondary alkylamine of the formula:
where R is an alkyl radical having a straight chain of from 18 to 22 carbon atoms and R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having a straight chain ofi from 18 to 22 carbon atoms. When a mixture of the alkyla'mines is used for the preparation of the reaction products a random occurrence of the alkyl radicals in the alkylamine salt and alkylamido portions of the molecule of the formed mixed isomers will take place. Preferred amines for the preparation of the reaction products are the primary C to C alkylamines.
The preparation of the reaction products is illustrated by the following specific example. While a mixture of the alkylamines was used, the preparation is the same for making the reaction products using the individual alkylamines as defined above. Although water was added in preparing the reaction product such is not necessary and the dry alkanol may be used.
EXAMPLE To approximately 30 ml. of ethanol (water, 0.46 gram and ethanol, 23.53 grams, approximately) was added 4.58 grams of tetrapropenyl succinic anhydride (Monsanto- T PSA) and 6 grams of commercial mixed primary amines (Kemamine P190) composed of about 90% by weight of mixed arachidyl (C amine and behenyl (C amine and about by weight of stearylamine. The weight ratio of the arachidylamine to the behenylamine in the mixture was about 40% to 60%, respectively. The re- Sulting mixture, containing the hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride and the mixed alkylamines in a equivalent ratio of 1.8 to 1, respectively, was warmed to 50 C. under stirring to form a solution which was accomplished in about 2-3 minutes heating time.
To the solution in ethanol of the reaction product obtained in the above example Was added, 11.96 grams of petroleum lubricating oil (symbol 1010), 0.15 gram of 2,6-di(t-butyl)p-cresol and 53.32 grams of n-heptane and the whole mixed to form a clear solution. This solution embodies a preferred formula of the compositions of the invention.
The composition solution, prepared as above, was sprayed on water-wet steel plates and found to provide a soft, wax-like solid coating after evaporation of the solvents. A further portion of the composition solution was sprayed on a submachine gun to coat the metal parts, including the moving parts. After the solvents had evaporated, to leave a soft, wax-like solid coating on the metal surfaces, the coated gun was submerged for a half-hour in synthetic sea water in a pressure tank under an applied pressure equivalent to a ZOO-foot head of water. The wet submachine gun was withdrawn from the sea water and wrapped in a plastic bag to retain the water on the gun and allowed to stand in this condition for 3 days. The gun was then examined for evidence of corrosion of the metal surfaces and a few small spots of rust were found here and there. They were not such as to cause malfunction of the gun. Metal surfaces of a subrnachine gun were coated in the field from a composition solution prepared as above. The coated gun was hand immersed in the surf, withdrawn, and laid on the dry sand of the beach to determine sand pickup by the coating. The amount of sand which adhered to the coating was substantially less than would have adhered to a Cosmoline or the like oily coating heretofore used on guns.
Since the invention described herein may be variously practiced without departing from the spirit or scope thereof, it is intended that specific embodiments appearing in the above description shall be taken by way of illustration and not in limitation except as may be defined in the appended claims.
What is claimed and desired to be secured by Letters Patent of the United States is: s 1. A liquid composition comprising from about 45 to 70% by weight of a volatile hydrocarbon solvent having a boiling point in the range of from about 60 to C., from about 20 to 30% by weight of a C to C alkanol, from about 4 to 15% by weight of a lubricating oil, a small amount of an antioxidant for the lubricating oil, and from about 6 to 10% by weight of a reaction product prepared by heating a hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride of the group consisting of C to C monoalkyl and C to C monoalkenyl succinic anhydrides in admixture with an alkylamine of the group consisting of primary and secondary alkylamines having a straight chain of from 18 to 22 carbon atoms in a ratio of from about 1.5 to 1.9 equivalents of the hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride per equivalent of the alkylamine and in the presence of an excess of a C to C alkonal to form a solution having a temperature in the range of from about 50 C. to 5 C. below the boiling point of the alkanol, said excess of the alkanol being sufficient to provide the alkanol in the composition.
2. A liquid composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the volatile hydrocarbon solvent is n-heptanol.
3. A liquid composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the alkanol is ethanol.
4. A liquid composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the alkylamine is a primary C to C alkylamine.
5. A liquid composition as defined in claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbyl succinic anhydride is tetrapropenyl succinic anhydride.
6. A liquid composition as defined in claim 5, wherein the alkylamine is a primary C to C alkylamine.
7. A liquid composition as defined in claim 5, wherein the alkylamine is octadecylamine, arachidylamine and behenylamine in a mixture in which the arachidyl and behenylamines together are in preponderant amount.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,715,108 8/ 1955 Francis. 2,783,206 2/ 1957 Messina. 2,977,309 3/ 1961 Godfrey et al.
DANIEL E. WYMAN, Primary Examiner W. J. SHINE, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R. 252-392
US723882A 1968-04-24 1968-04-24 Corrosion inhibiting lubricant composition Expired - Lifetime US3505228A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US72388268A 1968-04-24 1968-04-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3505228A true US3505228A (en) 1970-04-07

Family

ID=24908096

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US723882A Expired - Lifetime US3505228A (en) 1968-04-24 1968-04-24 Corrosion inhibiting lubricant composition

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US3505228A (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2715108A (en) * 1952-05-06 1955-08-09 Shell Dev Lubricating compositions
US2783206A (en) * 1954-03-10 1957-02-26 Tide Water Associated Oil Comp Mineral oil lubricating compositions
US2977309A (en) * 1955-04-21 1961-03-28 Monsanto Chemicals Lubricating oil containing branched chain alkyl amine derivatives of dicarboxylic acids

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2715108A (en) * 1952-05-06 1955-08-09 Shell Dev Lubricating compositions
US2783206A (en) * 1954-03-10 1957-02-26 Tide Water Associated Oil Comp Mineral oil lubricating compositions
US2977309A (en) * 1955-04-21 1961-03-28 Monsanto Chemicals Lubricating oil containing branched chain alkyl amine derivatives of dicarboxylic acids

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2736658A (en) Method of protecting metal surfaces from corrosion and corrosion inhibitor compositions
US2564423A (en) Corrosion preventive composition
US2718503A (en) Anticorrosion agents consisting of the monamides of dimerized fatty acids
US2956020A (en) Anti-corrosion compositions
US3981682A (en) Corrosion inhibiting compositions and process for inhibiting corrosion of metals
US2848414A (en) Corrosion inhibitor
US2898301A (en) Rust preventive compositions
US3427245A (en) Lubricant additive composed of a mixture of amine salts of monoamides and monoamides of alkenyl succinic acids
US2926108A (en) Process for inhibiting corrosion of metals
US2564422A (en) Corrosion preventive composition
US3169116A (en) Corrosion inhibiting compsoitions
US2368604A (en) Anticorrosive
US2976179A (en) Rust preventives
US2716611A (en) Rust preventive composition
US2520356A (en) Method for inhibiting corrosion of ferrous metal
US3505228A (en) Corrosion inhibiting lubricant composition
US2857334A (en) Corrosion inhibitors
US2908648A (en) Corrosion-inhibited compositions containing n-(alkylarylsulfonyl) amino acids and salts thereof
US2430846A (en) Protective coatings for metals
US2605226A (en) Compounded lubricating oil
US2491066A (en) Rust inhibitor for mineral oils
US2471638A (en) Rust preventive compositions
US2665995A (en) Rust inhibiting composition
US3857789A (en) Slushing oil or rust inhibiting compositions
US2742432A (en) Mineral oil lubricating compositions