US349756A - Brick-kiln - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

L. SIMPSON.

BRICK KILN.

I No. 349,756. Patented Sept, 28, 188

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3 Sheets -Sheet 3,

(No Model.)

SIMPSON.

BRICK KILN.

gatented Sep 28, 1

N. PEJEBS Phnlo-Liihognphar, Washlnslcn. RC. I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LENOX-SIMPSON, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 349,756, dated September 28, 1886.

' Application filed April 9,1886. Serial No. 198,379. (No model.)

BRICK- KILN.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LENOX SIMPSON, a citi-- zen of the United States, residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brick-Kilns, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact descrip tion.

In my application for Letters Patent for improvement in kilns, filed January 27 1886, Serial No. 189,980, I described a kiln provided with a combnstion-chamber situated above the heating or burning chamber, and so separated from the latter as to prevent the flame and products of combustion from coming in direct conact with the brick or other articles burned. In said form of kiln more than half the time required to complete the burn is occupied in driving off the moisture contained in the green brick. Those brick lying near the bottom of the kiln are slow to feel the efi'ects of the heat, and consequently a considerably greater space of time is occupied in burning than I deem necessary.

The object of this invention is to facilitate the burning of the brick by applying the heat at the bottom, (as well as the top',) while at the same time the flames and products of combus tion are prevented from coming in contact with the brick.

The invention consists in the means hereinafter described for attaining said object.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section of'the kiln; Fig. 2, a vertical transverse section of same, and Fig. 3 a horizontal section.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts. 1 I v A is the kiln, provided with an arched top, a, forming a combustion-chamber, within which are consumed the gases and waste products from the fires.

B B are two bridge-walls situated a short distance from each end of the kiln, and extending vertically upward almost or quite to the spring of the arch.

b are zigzag air-passages connecting at the bottom with the outer air, and having 'vents at the tops of the bridge-walls.

(l and D are fire-places situated at the opposite ends of the kilns below the level of the kiln-floor. The fire-places 0 connect with flues c, which lie beneath the kiln-floor and open into the space between the bridge-wall B and the end of the kiln. The fire-places D connect with titles d, (similar to fines 0,) which open into the space between the bridge-wall B and the adjacent end wall of the kiln. The fiues c and d alternate, the object being to produce, as near as possible, the same heat throughout the whole extent of the kiln-floor.

It will be seen that by the foregoing construction of kiln the fire encircles the brick without passing through them at any point. The brick are consequently unaffected by the sulphur and other impurities contained in the fuel, and at the same time there is a complete consumption of fuel and increased economyin the use of the latter; also, by this arrangement the brick are dried off and burned evenly in a short time.

E is the stack, connecting by means of throat e with the interior of the combustionchamber, and e is a damper in the stack-flue,'by means of which the draft is regulated.

' The operation is as follows: The kiln is filled as high as the top of the bridge-walls with brick arranged in the ordinary manner. Upon the top of the brick I prefer to place a layer of fire-brick or tile, to protect the greenv brick from the direct action of the flame. The fires are then lighted and the brick slowly dried off. When this has been thoroughly done, the heat is gradually increased until the brick have reached a proper temperature, when the fires are drawn and the dampers, fire-places, and air-fines closed. The brick are then allowed to slowly cool. Vhile the brick are being dried off, the air-fines remain closed; but when the heat is raised the fines are opened sufficiently wide to cause complete combustion of the gases,

&c.

I am aware that fire-fines have been used at the bottom and sides of brick-kilns; but they have been perforated to let the products of 95 combustion circulate through the bricks, while it is my especial object to prevent this, for rea sons before stated.

' Having thus described my invention, what I I claim as new, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is

1. A brick-kiln provided with imperforate flues leading from the fire-places through the floor of the kiln and behind imperforate bridgewalls at the end of the kiln, whereby the products of combustion cannot pass through the B B, pfevided with zi za air- )assa es and 10 a: g 1 a 9 bricks. stack E, having damper: 6, {LS and for the pur- 2. The combination, in a briek-ki1n,Wit-h the poses described.

5 brick-chamber and a superposed combustien- 1 LENOX SIMPSON.

chamber, of an intermediate layer of fire-brick \Vitnesses:

or tile, as and for the purpose specified. WV. D. THOMAS,

bustion-chamber, fire-places C D, bridge-walls 3. The kiln A, provided with arched com- J. A. KURTZ.

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