US34960A - Improved method of producing diagonal cloth - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES ROBERT O. HELM, OF NEW PATENT OFFICE.

BRUN SlVIOK, NEV JERSEY.

IMPROVED METHOD OF PRODUCING DIAGONALCLOTH.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 34,960, dated April 15, 1862.

To all whom, it may con/cern,.-

Be it known that I, ROBERT C. HELM, of the city of New Brunswick, in the county of Middlesex and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Method of Preparing or Producing what is known as Diagonal Cloth, (or cloth having the thread of the warps placed in a position diagonal to the threads of the weft,such as was patented in Great Britain by John Healey, November 17, 1846,) of which the following` isafull, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which make part of this specification, and in which- Figure l represents a view in elevation of one side of a machine for preparing the cloth, embracing my improvements; and Fig. 2 represents a plan or top View of the same.

My invention relates to an im pro ved method of preparingcloth woven in the usual manner, so that the threads of the warp shall occupy a diagonal position relative to those of` the weft by winding the cloth from one roller upon another; and to this end my improvement consists in the use of two rollers arranged in a suitable frame, one of which rollers is placed with its axis at an angle greater or less than a right angle with respect to the other; or two parallel rollers may be eniployed when the clot-h or fabric the direction of whose threads is to be changed is so arranged that the edge of the fabric is oblique to the rollers when passing from one to the other.

The accompanying drawings represent a convenient arrangement of parts for carrying out the object of my invention.

In this instance the machine is shown as consisting of a stout frame A, upon which a roller B is mounted. One end of this roller revolves in a swiveling bearing L, while the other turns in a box K. This box traverses in a curved slot O in the frame, and may be held in any desired position by a set-screw or other equivalent device. By this means the angle of the roller B with respect to the frame may readily be varied. A frictionpulley D is secured upon the traversing end of the roller B, over which pulley a frictionstrap E passes. One end of this strap is attached to a pin e on the'frame, while aweight WV is attached to the other in the manner shown in the drawings, or in some equivalent way which will allow the strap to yield when the strain upon the roller exceeds a given force.

A roller O is arranged at right angles to the side timbers of the frame and turns in fixed bearings therein. This roller receives the cloth F as it is unwound from the diagonal roller, and may be provided with two flanges M, which guide the fabric and keep its edges even. They may be4 made adjustable, if desired. The roller C is driven by a band G, encircling a pulley N upon one of its ends and a pulley on a cone shaft or pulley I. Two of these cone-pulleys are provided in order to vary the speed of the drawing-roller C, as its diameter is increased by the winding of the cloth upon it.

The mechanism may be driven by a crank or wrist pin on the pulley J, or in any other convenient manner. i

For convenience of operation I form the rollers B and O of shells or cylinders, which can readily be slipped ou or oif theirrespective shafts, the ends of which are so arranged that they may readily be detached from their bearings, by which means the shells can be removed from the shaft when the direction of the threads of the fabric has been suiciently changed or for the purpose of changing the cloth back again from the drawing-roller to the diagonal roller in case one winding should fail to produce the desired eifect in a suicient degree. One rolling will generally be found suincient when the direction of the threads requires to be but slightly changed; but when a great change of angle is required several rollings may be necessary, the angle attained at one rolling depending in a great degree upon the closeness of the texture of the fabric.

The operation of the machineis as follows: I take a piece of the fabric the relative position or direction of whose threads I wish to change, or a piece in which the position of the threads has already partially been changed, or a piece woven in such manner that the threads of the warp and weft are oblique to each other, but not sufficiently inclined or uniform enough for the purpose required, and wind or place it on the delivering or changeable roller B, the movabley end of which is then adjusted by means of the curved slot O until the roller forms an angle of about tell degrees with the drawing-roller C, and secure ric is very open, in which case I increase the angle formed by the delivering-roller B as much as is desired, so as to effect the necessary change of direction in the threads at one operation or rolling. Itis immaterial, of course, which end of the roller is made movable. I then attach one corner of the end of the fabric to the drawing-roller C by gumming, pasting, or tacking it on, in any manner most convenient to the operator, in such manner that one of the edges may be near one of the flanges M; or the flange may be adjusted to the cloth, if preferred. The relative arrangement ofthe several parts and the mode of securing the cloth to the roller is clearly shown in -Fig. 2 of the drawings. Owing to this arrangement, when rotary motion `is imparted to the drawing-roller'C, thefabric is gradually unwound' from the deliveringroller Bl and wound upon the rollerO. As the fabric is only attached by one corner, when the roller C begins to turn it draws or strains upon `.one edge of the fabric much more than Vupon the other, vthus causing the threads to vassume the diagonal position shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. After the cloth is wound upon the roller C the changing of the direction of the threads ceases, but they retain the diagonal position assumed in passing from the delivering to the drawing roller. IfV the direction of the threads is `not sufficientlyl` changed by the first rolling, I change the relative positions of the rollers B and C or their` respective shells, as the case may be, and rev peat the process as often as may be found nec- V g essary, thoughA it will be found `that one or` tWo'r-ollings will c'ausea change suflicientfor almost any practical purpose.

The adjustable ianges M- are intended to prevent the lateral spreading of the fabric during the rolling and to assist it to run more evenly ou the roller; but their use is not es.- sential.

The two cone-pulleys I serve to regulate the speed of the drawing-roller C by shifting the belt H right or left, as may be required, 1 to compensate for the increasing diameter of the roll of cloth upon the roller C, upon which it is being Wound.

Itis obvious that, were no compensating device employed, as the diameter of the rollincreased the cloth would be wound upon the- Healeys method of Weaving, hereinbefore mentioned, is practically a very difficult and expensive one: rst, because the looms adapted by him for the manufacture of such cloth are very complex in construction, and are required to be of much greater length than the looms used'for Weaving ordinary cloth,'and therefore require more space in which to operate, and, secondly, on account of the great length of the sley in proportion to the width of the fabric, the loom is deficient in iirmness and solidity, which qualit-ies are essential to the proper productiveness of the loom. Moreover, it is scarcely practicable to produce from such a loom two pieces of' diagonal cloth with their threads at different angles as compared with each other without an almost total change in all its movements, whereas by my method it only requires thefproper adjustment of the oblique roller B toproduce a .change to almost any given angle. This adjustment, moreover, in my machine may readily be eected even While it is in operation, and it is therefore practicable for-me to produce from a piece of common. cloth a piece of diagonal cloth, the two ends of which may have their threads changed t'o dierent angles should such be required.Y The other mode described by said Healey of attach-ing the edges of the cloth to parallel bars isa tedious, laborious, and expensive one. Moreover, it is impracticable to produce a piece of diagonal cloth of any great length Vby this method, its length being necessarily. restricted to that of the bars, whereas by my method it is practicable to produce diagonal cloth of any desired length rapidly, cheaply, and with threads of uniform inclination.

This diagonalcloth is veryextensively used in the manufacture of elastic goods of indiarubber by placing a sheet of' rubber between two pieces of cloth. It is also used' for the liningv of india-rubber shoes and for other purposes.

I do not claim, broadly, under this patent the production ofi-diagonal cloth itself, asthe `same is described in Letters Patentgranted i `to said' Healey'in Great Britain November 17, .1846, and in the United States December 18,

l1855, and is therefore well known; but

' What I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The method herein described of preparing or producing what is known as diagonal cloth (or cloth in which the threads of the warp and weft are caused to occupy a position diagonal to each other) by the use of two rollers, one of .which is placed obliquely to to the other, orby the use of two parallel rollers, whenv the cloth passes from one to the Vother in an oblique direction, substantially in the manner described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

ROBERT o. HELM. [L s] In presence of WM. A. NEWELL, y H. A. HULL.

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