US349584A

US349584A - Mansard roof

Info

Publication number: US349584A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1886-09-21
Anticipated expiration: 1903-09-21

Description

(No Model.)

0. G. GILMAN.

I MANSARD ROOF. No. 349.584. Patented Sept. 21, 1886.

N. PETERS. Pholo-Lilhographer. Wnshi nnnnnnn c.

IINITED STATES PATENT 0FFICE CHARLES CARROLL GILMAN, OF ELDORA, IOW'A.

MANSARD ROOF.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 349,584, dated September 21, 1886.

' Application filed January 25, 1886. Serial No. 189,605. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES CARROLL GIL MAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Eldora, Hardin county, Iowa, have invented anew and useful Improvement in Mansard Roofs, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to constructa light, strong, durable, and thoroughly fireproof Mansard roof; and to this end my invention consists in combining with an iron framework slabs, tiles, or panels of porous terra-cotta or terra-cotta lumber.

It also consists in combining thisiron framework and porous terra-cotta with an exterior covering of slate.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this invention, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a Mansard roof constructed in accordance with my invention, a portion of the porous terracotta and of the slate being removed to clearly illustrate the invention; and Fig. 2 is a detail View in cross-section 'on line :0 w of Fig. 1, showing the method of securing the panels or sheets of porous terra-cotta to the iron frame-work.

Porous terra-cotta or terracotta lumber possesses many advantages over other material for roof construction. It is very light, a very poor conductor of heat, and entirely non-combustible. It does not crack when subjected, while highlyheated, to the action of water, and consequently always remains in place. It can also be wroughtwith edged tools and easily receives and holds nails. In the construction of Mansard roofs it is very desirable to render the same thoroughly fire-proof, and to do so without great expense and without increasing the weight of the roof as a whole. It is alsodesirable that a roof should be so constructed as to render the apartments immediately thereunder as habitable as any other part of the house-'i. 6., it should be constructed of a material which is a poor conductor of heat. These several requirements are fully met by the combination of elements herein described and claimed.

In the drawings an iron frame-work is represented constructed of T-irons riveted or otherwise fastened together, so as to form square or other shaped panels or frames of a size coning through said blocks and through the pervenient for the application of the sheets, tiles, slats, or panels of porous terra-cotta hereinaf ter referred to. .These T-irons or purlins A are arranged so that their webs B project outwardly, as shown, while the flanges G of said purlins are perforated on each side of the web with holes D for the passage of the nails or other fastening means usedto secure the sheets of porous terracotta in place. Each square or frame formed by said purlin-irons may be likened to a sash before it has received its pane of glass. This iron frame-work, by reason of its form,and also because ithas no heavy weight to carry, may be constructed in a comparatively light manner and without great expense. In the squares, frames, or panels of said iron frame-work I fit sheets, tiles, or blocks E of porous terra-cotta or terra-cotta lumber. The thickness of said tiles or blocks will vary more or less-say, from one to three inches-accord ing to the size of thehouse or roof. They may be of a thickness equal to or greater than the height of the Web of the purlins, and may be molded to the proper size or sawed to the exact configuration after firing. After they are inserted in the squares or panels of the framework, as a pane of glass would be in a sash, they aresecnred by wrought-iron nails G, passforations D in the flanges of the purlin-irons and clinched on the inside, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 2. The places where the nails are to pass through the porous terra-cotta may be indicated on said blocks in any convenient manner, or holes may be made in the first instance therein for the passage of the said nails.

Instead of using nails, as above described, bolts and nuts may be employed; but the firstdescribed fastening means is preferred.

If desired, a washer, H, may be placed under each nail-head, so as to guard against the possi bility of the block or slab slipping off of the nail.

After theporous terra-eotta blocks have been 9 5 of cement mortar may be laid on the porous terra-cotta before the covering of slate is applied. Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

1. A Mansard roof constructed of an iron frame-work and blocks or panels of porous ter- 5 ra-eotta secured to said framework by clinched nails passing through said blocks and through flanges of said frame-work, substantially as described.

2. A Mansard roof constructed of an iron 10 frame-Work, blocks or panels of porous terra-