US349449A - Process of and apparatus for distilling - Google Patents

Process of and apparatus for distilling Download PDF

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US349449A
US349449A US349449DA US349449A US 349449 A US349449 A US 349449A US 349449D A US349449D A US 349449DA US 349449 A US349449 A US 349449A
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column
pipe
distillation
boiler
tank
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01J—MANUFACTURE OF DAIRY PRODUCTS
    • A01J11/00—Apparatus for treating milk
    • A01J11/04—Appliances for aerating or de-aerating milk
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/16—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials
    • A23L3/24—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials with the materials in spray form

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  • My invention relates to an improvement in the process of and apparatus for distillation of whiskies, and more particularly to the second distillation by which the product of the first distillation, called singles, is subjected to a double or second distillation, by which it is -freed from the impurities and unpleasant properties that remain after the first distillation, and at the same time develop the peculiar qualities and flavor which distinguish what is known as Bourbon whisky.
  • Sheet 1 represents my improved apparatus in elevation and partly in section.
  • Fig. 2 Sheet 1 is a plan view of the stirrer.
  • Fig. 3 Sheet 2 is a transverse sectional view of the column.
  • Fig.4, Sheet 2 is a vertical section, showing one of the shelves or pans attached to the inside of the column and a part of the column cut away.
  • the tank A of any suitable construction, is supplied by a pipe with the singles or product of the first distillation in such a quantity or manner as to provide a constant supply for the still.
  • This singles is conveyed from the tank A to the elevated tank E by means of a pump, 13, and pipe D, whence it is drawn off as needed.
  • Both of the tanks A and E are not essential, as, when a constant-acting pump is used at B, the tank E may be omitted, and
  • tillation or spirits to be redistilled may be supplied directly to the tank E, and distributed by gravitation through the pipe G.
  • Thepipe G is provided'with a distributing 0r three-way cock, H, by which the contents of the pipe G may be sent through the pipe G or through the pipe I.
  • the pipe G passes into a drum, J, where it is formed into a coil,and passes on and joins the pipe I at apoint just outside the column M.
  • the pipe I extends directly from The contents of the pipe I, or of I and G, pass inside the head of the column, and are received in the annular space M, formed by the walls of the column and the spherical head,as shown in Fig. 1, or they may be deposited directly upon the upper shelf or pan in the column.
  • the column M consists of a perpendicular tubular shell, usually made of copper in sections bolted together, and is made of any suitable size and height best suited to the purposes to be served and the requirements of the still.
  • the lower end of the column which is Open, is directly over and opens into the boiler or doubler B, so that the steam and vapors gen- 7 erated pass up through the column into the. pipe 0.
  • the column is provided at suitable A distances apart with a number of shelves or pans, Q. These pans occupy about four-fifths of a transverse section of the column, onefifth being left open for the free passage of the steamand vapors. They are made of sheet metal, and are provided with an upturned flange or rim, which serves to.
  • Each alternate pan is attached to the opposite side of the inner wall of the column, so that the contents of each falls upon the one immediately below, and, as Seen in Fig. 4, a row of perforations, a, is formed at the lower outer rim or angle of the pans for the escape of the liquor in fine jets, whereby its alcohol is the more readily separated or volatilized.
  • the boiler or doubler It may be of any suitable construction, though I prefer the use of one of superior steaming capacity, in order to economize fuel, and in this instance have represented a horizontal two-flue boiler with a discharge -pipe, V, controlled by a suitable I00 cock H, and is directed either cook or valve.
  • a pan or catch-basin, S Directly beneath the column and above the water-line of the boiler is a pan or catch-basin, S, from which proceeds a pipe, T, preferably curved, as shown, and perforated at the water-line, as at b. It is so shaped as to form a trap and passed out from the boiler at the Water-line, and may, if desired or found necessary, be bent to form a second trap, V, or even a third or fourth trap.
  • P is the ordinary condenser containing the worm connected at its upper end to the pipe 0, and discharging by pipe 40 into the sealed testing and receiving tun or tub Y.
  • This latter is provided with a stirrer, c, Fig. 2, operated by a crank-handle, d, upon the outside, or by connection with some part of the machinery, and by means of which its contents can be mixed when it is desired to make a test of the strength of the whisky.
  • the operation of the apparatus is as follows: The first distillation being effected, the product enters the tank A, where it is allowed to accumulate in sufficient quantity to permit the pump to work continuously from the beginning to the end of a days work. From the tank E the product passes through the through the heating-drum J or directly through the pipe I to the still head or column, or part through both, according as it is desired to render thespirit stronger or weaker. If it is found after a test that the spirit is running too strong, it is directed through the drum J, which, by the action of the heat, weakens it; or, if it is running too weak, it is cut off from the drum and directed through the pipe I; or, to equalize it, apart may be directed through both channels.
  • the ac tion of the heating-drum upon the singlings is such that it raises the temperature thereof before it enters the column N, so that the condensive effect of the singlings upon the ascending column of vapor is decreased,thereby permittingthe said vapor to more effectively act upon and volatilize the alcohol in the descending singlings, and resulting in decreasing the strength of the liquor as it passes to the condenser.
  • the product passes down from shelf to shelf, and isacted upon by the vapor arising from the boiler, which, volatilizing the alcohol, carries it off through the pipe 0 to the condenser.
  • the heavier matter or refuse containing the fusel-oil, and termed backings reaches the pan S, and is conveyed off through the pipe T and discharged as refuse.
  • the aperture b the boiler is kept supplied with backings to maintain a constant level.
  • I claim- 1 The process of distillation, consisting in causing steam to ascend in a column, raising the temperature of singlings and regulating it by addition of unheated singlings, and then admitting the singlings to the column to de scend therein and be acted upon by the ascend ing vapor, and finally condensing the resultant liquor, substantially as set forth.

Description

(N0 ModeQLj 2 Sheets-Sheet 1..
J. C. PEDEN.
PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING. No. 349,449. Patented Sept. 21, 1886.
ai -en! N. PETERS. Pbflfiu-Llthognpher. Wahinglon. ac.
(No Model.) A 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. G. PEDEN.
PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING. No. 349,449. Patented Sept. 21, 1886.
' fz'zVEfiZar .417 A [HA gauge? 6' w N. PETERS. Pmwuum n m. Washi n nnnnnnn I I UNITED STATES PATE T OFFICE.
JOHN C. PEDEN, E LAWRENCEBURC, KENTUCKY, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND THE BOURBON COPPER AND BRASS WOEKS, OE CINCINNATI, OHI
PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR-DISTILLING.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 349,449, dated September 21, 1886.
' Application filed June 27, 1884. Serial No. 136,125. v (No model.)
.To all whom, it may concern.-
Beit known that I, JOHN G. PEDEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lawrenceburg, in the county of Anderson and State of 5 Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Process and Apparatus for Distilling, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.
My invention relates to an improvement in the process of and apparatus for distillation of whiskies, and more particularly to the second distillation by which the product of the first distillation, called singles, is subjected to a double or second distillation, by which it is -freed from the impurities and unpleasant properties that remain after the first distillation, and at the same time develop the peculiar qualities and flavor which distinguish what is known as Bourbon whisky.
It consists in providing certain devices or machinery whereby the best results can be obtained with economy of fuel; and the novelty consists in the process and the construction and combination of parts, as will be herewith set forth and specifically claimed.
. In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1, Sheet 1, represents my improved apparatus in elevation and partly in section. Fig. 2, Sheet 1, is a plan view of the stirrer. Fig. 3, Sheet 2, is a transverse sectional view of the column. Fig.4, Sheet 2, is a vertical section, showing one of the shelves or pans attached to the inside of the column and a part of the column cut away. I
The tank A, of any suitable construction, is supplied by a pipe with the singles or product of the first distillation in such a quantity or manner as to provide a constant supply for the still. This singles is conveyed from the tank A to the elevated tank E by means of a pump, 13, and pipe D, whence it is drawn off as needed. Both of the tanks A and E are not essential, as, when a constant-acting pump is used at B, the tank E may be omitted, and
the singles pumped directly into the pipe ll,
and the quantity of fiow regulated by the valvular cock 0. On the other hand, when more convenient, the product of the first dis- ,the cock H to the head of the column M.
tillation or spirits to be redistilled may be supplied directly to the tank E, and distributed by gravitation through the pipe G. Thepipe G is provided'with a distributing 0r three-way cock, H, by which the contents of the pipe G may be sent through the pipe G or through the pipe I. The pipe G passes into a drum, J, where it is formed into a coil,and passes on and joins the pipe I at apoint just outside the column M. The pipe I extends directly from The contents of the pipe I, or of I and G, pass inside the head of the column, and are received in the annular space M, formed by the walls of the column and the spherical head,as shown in Fig. 1, or they may be deposited directly upon the upper shelf or pan in the column. The column M consists of a perpendicular tubular shell, usually made of copper in sections bolted together, and is made of any suitable size and height best suited to the purposes to be served and the requirements of the still. The lower end of the column, which is Open, is directly over and opens into the boiler or doubler B, so that the steam and vapors gen- 7 erated pass up through the column into the. pipe 0. The column is provided at suitable A distances apart with a number of shelves or pans, Q. These pans occupy about four-fifths of a transverse section of the column, onefifth being left open for the free passage of the steamand vapors. They are made of sheet metal, and are provided with an upturned flange or rim, which serves to. strengthen and stiffen the pans, and also as a means of attaching the pans to the walls of the column. Each alternate pan is attached to the opposite side of the inner wall of the column, so that the contents of each falls upon the one immediately below, and, as Seen in Fig. 4, a row of perforations, a, is formed at the lower outer rim or angle of the pans for the escape of the liquor in fine jets, whereby its alcohol is the more readily separated or volatilized.
The boiler or doubler It may be of any suitable construction, though I prefer the use of one of superior steaming capacity, in order to economize fuel, and in this instance have represented a horizontal two-flue boiler with a discharge -pipe, V, controlled by a suitable I00 cock H, and is directed either cook or valve. Directly beneath the column and above the water-line of the boiler is a pan or catch-basin, S, from which proceeds a pipe, T, preferably curved, as shown, and perforated at the water-line, as at b. It is so shaped as to form a trap and passed out from the boiler at the Water-line, and may, if desired or found necessary, be bent to form a second trap, V, or even a third or fourth trap.
P is the ordinary condenser containing the worm connected at its upper end to the pipe 0, and discharging by pipe 40 into the sealed testing and receiving tun or tub Y. This latter is provided with a stirrer, c, Fig. 2, operated by a crank-handle, d, upon the outside, or by connection with some part of the machinery, and by means of which its contents can be mixed when it is desired to make a test of the strength of the whisky.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The first distillation being effected, the product enters the tank A, where it is allowed to accumulate in sufficient quantity to permit the pump to work continuously from the beginning to the end of a days work. From the tank E the product passes through the through the heating-drum J or directly through the pipe I to the still head or column, or part through both, according as it is desired to render thespirit stronger or weaker. If it is found after a test that the spirit is running too strong, it is directed through the drum J, which, by the action of the heat, weakens it; or, if it is running too weak, it is cut off from the drum and directed through the pipe I; or, to equalize it, apart may be directed through both channels.
It will be readily understood that the ac tion of the heating-drum upon the singlings is such that it raises the temperature thereof before it enters the column N, so that the condensive effect of the singlings upon the ascending column of vapor is decreased,thereby permittingthe said vapor to more effectively act upon and volatilize the alcohol in the descending singlings, and resulting in decreasing the strength of the liquor as it passes to the condenser.
Entering the head of the column, the product passes down from shelf to shelf, and isacted upon by the vapor arising from the boiler, which, volatilizing the alcohol, carries it off through the pipe 0 to the condenser. In this manner the heavier matter or refuse containing the fusel-oil, and termed backings, reaches the pan S, and is conveyed off through the pipe T and discharged as refuse. By means of the aperture b the boiler is kept supplied with backings to maintain a constant level. In this way the greater part of the baokings and fusel-oilis conveyed directly off, and the deleterious effects of the fusel-oil on the whisky are avoided, for it is discharged before it can be subjected to a sufficient degree of heat to volatilize it. At the same time fuel is saved by not running the entire quantity of baekings into the doubler WVhile the traps are made in pipe T to prevent the escape of steam, yet should an ob; struction occur in the worm or other pipes leading from the column the steam would blow out the pipe T, and by so doing would give warning of the obstruction.
I am aware of the operation of Derosnes still, described in Duplais Treatise on the Manufacture and Distillation of Alcoholic Liquors, Philadelphia, 1871, page 54, and I do not therefore claim, broadly, anything disclosed in said publication.
Having thus fully described my invention, I claim- 1. The process of distillation, consisting in causing steam to ascend in a column, raising the temperature of singlings and regulating it by addition of unheated singlings, and then admitting the singlings to the column to de scend therein and be acted upon by the ascend ing vapor, and finally condensing the resultant liquor, substantially as set forth.
2. The combination, in an apparatus for the reduction of impurities in products of distillation, of the pipe I and heater J, communicating with a common supply, a heating-vessel, substantially as described, through which the pipe G" passes, both said pipes and heat ers and a condenser communicating with a column at the upper portion thereof, and a boiler or doubler located at or near the base of said column, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
3. The combination, in an apparatus for the reduction of impurities in products of distillation, of pipe I and heater J, communicating with a common supply, a heating-vessel, substantially as described, through which the pipeG passes and intersects the pipe I, said pipe I and a condenser communicating with a column at the upper portion thereof, and a boiler ordoubler located at or near the base of .said column, as and for the purpose specified.
. 4. The combination and arrangement of the tank A, pump B, pipes I and F, tank E, pipes G, G, and I, coil K, drum J, column N, doubler R, pipe 0, condenser P, and tub Y and stirrer therefor, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
JOHN G. IEDEN.
Witnesses: p
T. G. ELLERHORST, ALBERT EI-IRHARDT.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2515090A (en) * 1946-03-19 1950-07-11 Mo Och Domsjoe Ab Fractionating column

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2515090A (en) * 1946-03-19 1950-07-11 Mo Och Domsjoe Ab Fractionating column

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