US349428A - Shire - Google Patents

Description

IIIIIQVII (No Model.) w H. GAZAILLE 8: H. 'F. LOW.

AIR PUMP.

No. 349,428. Patented-Sept. 21, 1886.

N. PETERS. P'hnlwli'ihognphen Washington. ac.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIcE.

HENRY GAZAILLE AND HAMILTON F. LOWV, OF MANCHESTER, NEW HAMP- SHIRE; SAID LOW ASSIGNOR TO SAID GAZAILLE.

AIR-PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 349,428, dated September 21, 1886. Application filed December 30, 1885. Serial No. 1B7,l4l. (No model.)

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, HENRY GAZAILLE, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, and HAMILTON F. Low, a citizen of the United 5 States, both residing at Manchester, in the county of Hillsborough and State of New Hampshire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Air-Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to air-pumps combining in their operation the action of force and suction.

The object of our invention is to construct an air-pump which shall, by the action of certain improved valves connected therewith, be capable of forcing air into a tube or receiver by the movement of the piston in one direction, and exhausting the air from said tube or receiver by the opposite movement of said piston.

I Our invention consists in details of construction described below, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part 2 5 of this specification, Figure 1 representsasee tional side elevation of our improved airpump; Fig. 2 being an end view of the same.

Fig. 3 is a detailed side elevation of the valvehousing, showing a section of the piston-rod and valve-rod in position. Fig. 4 is a detailed plan view of the valve-housing alone. Fig. 5 is a transverse section of Fig. 3, taken between the valve-seats and the side openings, and having valves and the valve-rod removed. The bar- 3 5 rel of the pump is composed of an interior and exterior cylinder. The interior cylinder, A, in which the piston moves, is formed of some suitable sheet metal or zinc,while the exterior cylinder, A, is composed of some tough ma- 0 terial, such as sheet iron. This latter cylinder is provided simply to prevent the interior cylinder from becoming dented or otherwise marred; but one end of the pump-barrel is closed, the head B having a base, b, by which it may be secured to the floor serving this purpose. The other end is provided with simply a ring, B, its outer diameter being equal to that of the head B, and having a base, I), by which it may be fastened down. The opening b in this ring B may be 'nearly or quite the diameter of, the interior cylinder, A, a convenientmeans of uniting the parts A A B B being shown in the drawings, in which the end of the exterior cylinder, A, enter grooves formed annularly in the head B and ring B, the ends of the cylinder A bearing against shoulders formed for the purpose on the said parts B B, and allsaid parts being held firmly together by the bolts 0 passing through the head B between the cylinders A A, and through the ring B, to the projecting ends of which are threaded-nuts c, as in Figs. 1 and 2. To the interior cylinder is fitted a piston, D, preferably formed of wood, and, as it is a very difficult matter to bend up the zinc or other metal forming said cylinder so that it may be even moderately true and impossible to form it perfectly cylindrical, it becomes necessary to providea very flexible packing for the said piston.-

After numerous experiments we find that flexible rubber tubing E, placed in an annular groove formed in the piston D, is decidedly the best material for the purpose, and forms a perfectly flexible packing,which readily overcomes all irregularities of the cylinder A.

To overcome any possible adhesivencss or unnecessary wear of the rubber tubing E,.it may be covered by a strip of silesia or other coarse linen cloth, and its sides tucked into the groove on either side of the tubing. A

rectangular piston-rod, F, enters one end ofthe valve-housing G, in which it may be properly secured by abolt or rivet, f. At the opposite end of said valve-housing is formed a circular flange, g, by which it is secured by screws to the piston D. It may be here noted that said piston has a central opening, d, connecting with the interior of the valve housing, for the passage of air. Valves H H are hinged attheir top within said housing G, so as to fall against seats 9 g, each of said valves being adapted to move away from the other when opening and toward the other when closing. These valves are operated automatically with the outward and return stroke of the piston-rod F, as follows: A rocker-arm, I, having its lower end mounted upon, a shaft, J, which may pass through one or both side walls of the housing G, midway from either of the valve-seats g g, is adapted to bear against either of the valves the free end of which is attached a rod, L,

mounted in a suitable bearing, m, formed upon one side of the stand M,supporting the pistonrod F, and provided either side of said bearmg m, with a collar, as in Fig. 1, these collars Z Z being so placed relative to said hearing m as to alternately strike the same just before the piston-rod shall have completed its stroke in either direction,thereby holding said rod L sufficiently long to reverse the valves by the action of the crank K and rocker-arm I.

To lnsure the perfect operation of the rod L and its collars Z Z, said rod and the pistonrod F must move together or simultaneously, except when either of the collars strike the bearlngm, as previously explained. In order to do this, a boss, is formed upon one of the side walls of the valve-housing G, and so located as that the crank K must slide past it when completing its stroke in either direction, and by means of the spiral spring 9' on shaft J, which spends its force between the valve-housing and the rocker-arm I, said crank K will readily snap to either side of said boss, and so remain until either of the collars ZZ, acting upon the bearing m, shall reverse it.

The piston-rod may be operated in various ways, one of which is illustrated in Fig. 1. A suitable hand-lever, N, is fulcrumed at n to the stand M, and arranged to operate the piston-rod F by means of a connecting-rod, O.

The most convenient place for connecting the pump with a tube or receiver will probably be through the head B, as at Z), in which the end of a tube, P, is inserted.

\Vhen using this pump for inducing an aircurrent through a pneumatic dispatch or pareel tube,the improved valve mechanism here in described will prove of great advantage, for the reason that by its use the said dispatchtube is not necessarily limited in length. If one stroke of the piston is not enough to accomplish the desired result, it may be given several strokes, each of which will carry the article farther along in the tube-i. 0., when the valves are in the position shown in Fig. 1, by drawing out the piston-rod the air in the tube P will be withdrawn or exhausted, and thus carry anything contained therein toward the pump. If, after the piston has nearly reached the open end of the pump, it is found that the article in said tube 1? has not reached its destination, the piston must be reversed by means of the hand-lever N, and before the collar Z has reached the bearing m, so that the position of the valves may remain unchanged. By this means the valve H will open automatically by the pressure of air and allow enough air to escape to permit the-piston to again occupy the position shownin Fig. 1 without having forced any more air into the tube. After repeating this as required to draw anything through the tube P to its destination, the lever N may then be moved far enough to cause the collar Z to strike the bearing m,which will reverse and set the valves for forcingair I into the tube.

Having described the construction of our improved pump, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with the cylinder, of the piston and its rod, the valve-housing arranged between the two, the valves within the housing, a rocker-arm between the valves, a wrist connecting said arm with a crank and stop-rod outside of the housing, and a suitable bearing for the stop-rod, whereby the piston and stop-rod move together, or the valves may be reversed just before the end of the pistonstroke, as set forth.

2. The combination, with the valve-housing placed between the piston and its rod,and provided with an external boss,, of the internal valves, the rocker arm between them, the wrist, the spring between the rocker-arm and the crank, the said crank, and the rod provided with the stop-collars and a suitable hearing, as set forth. 7 V

3. The combination, with the cylinder,-composed of the inner sheet-metal portion, A, and the outer portion, A, of tougher metal, of the tube P in the cylinder-head, the piston D, having ring-packing E and air-port d in front of the valves, the valve-housing G between the piston and its rod, the valves H H within the housing, the valve rocker-arm I, the wrist J, the spring j between. the rocker I and crank K, the said crank, and the boss 9 on the outer side of the housing for engaging with the former,the rod L,operating the crank,and provided with collars Z Z, the standard M, having upper bearing, m, supporting said rod and acting as a stop for its collars, the lever N, pivoted to the standard, the link 0, and the piston-rod F, as set forth. I

4. In an air-pump, the combination, with the sheet-metal cylinder A, of the piston provided with an annular groove containing a tubular rubber packing covered with silesia or the equivalent, as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

HENRY GAZAILLE. HAMILTON F. LOW.

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