US3485675A - Electric current producing cell having depolarizer in intimate contact with carburized surface of the container - Google Patents

Electric current producing cell having depolarizer in intimate contact with carburized surface of the container Download PDF

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Publication number
US3485675A
US3485675A US649065A US3485675DA US3485675A US 3485675 A US3485675 A US 3485675A US 649065 A US649065 A US 649065A US 3485675D A US3485675D A US 3485675DA US 3485675 A US3485675 A US 3485675A
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United States
Prior art keywords
container
depolarizer
electric current
cathode
cell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US649065A
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English (en)
Inventor
Samuel Ruben
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Individual
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/559—Terminals adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round, elliptic or button cells
    • H01M50/56—Cup shaped terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
    • H01M6/08—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid with cup-shaped electrodes

Definitions

  • This invention is an electric current producing cell having an alkaline electrolyte, an oxide depolarizer such as manganese dioxide, a metal container of steel or nickel plated steel with which the depolarizer is in intimate contact, the surface of the container with which the depolarizer is in contact having been carburized, so as to provide and maintain a low contact resistance and high lash current.
  • This invention relates to electric current producing cells and more particularly, a sealed zinc alkaline cell incorporating means for maintaining a low contact resistance between the depolarizer and the contacting container.
  • lt is among the objects of this invention to provide a cell with a maximum ash current.
  • the invention comprises an electric current producing cell in which the iron or nickel-plated iron container with which the depolarizer is in contact is provided with a carburized surface.
  • an alkaline primary cell having an amalgamated zinc anode, a cathode composed of a mixture of 91% MnO2 and 9% micronized graphite, and a steel nited States Patent O ice or nickel plated steel container.
  • a spacer-barrier is placed between the anode and the cathode both to prevent direct contact between the anode and cathode as Well as to absorb and retain substantial quantities of electrolyte.
  • the electrolyte is in the form of a potassium zincated water solution of KOH.
  • a thin, integral carburized layer is provided on the inner wall of the container in contact with the cathode.
  • a cathode depolarizer is made by mixing 91% of synthetic Mn02 with 9% of micronized graphite and pressing said mixture into cylindrical pellets which are then forced into the steel cathode container having a carburized layer integral with its inner surface.
  • the spacer-barrier is composed of spirally -wound cellulose with an outer wrapping of parchment. This spacerbarrier is placed inside the cylindrical depolarizer pellets. Cylindrical pellets of amalgamated zinc containing about 10% mercury are placed inside of the central opening in the spacer-barrier. These pellets are formed by pressing the powdered zinc. The pellets rest on a neoprene block or pressure pad which prevents contact with the bottom of the cathode container.
  • the electrolyte is added by injection into the opening in the center of the anode cylinders and passes into the spacer-barrier which absorbs it. This causes the spacer to swell, filling the space between the anode and the cathode, and thus insuring good electrolytic contact between those elements.
  • the inner and outer caps are applied with an insulating grommet and the outer can is crimped against the grommet. This seals the cell and presses the anode pellet against the compressible neoprene pad which insures maintenance of good contact with the caps.
  • the drawing illustrates a cell of the invention composed of an outer can 1, an anode container 3, a cathode in the form of cylindrical pellets 4, and an anode of amalgamated zinc pellets 6.
  • a spacer-barrier 5 is located between the anode and cathode, and absorbent sleeve 7 is placed between outer can 2 and cathode container 3.
  • Plastic grommet 8 insulates can 2 and container 3 from contact with inner cap 9 and outer cap 10. The double cap arrangement prevents leakage and creepage of electrolyte outside the cell.
  • pressure pad 12 which insulates the pellets from contact with the container 3 and also, due to its resiliency, urges the pellets 6 upwards against inner cap 9. This achieves excellent contact between the anode and the terminal caps.
  • On outer cap 10 is anode contact 11 for aiding in obtaining good external contact.
  • the inner can 3, drawn from steel or nickel plated steel, is heated at 1000 to 1200 C. for a period of time dependent upon the depth of reaction desired (usually about 10 minutes) in a hydrocarbon gas atmosphere, such as acetylene, ethylene, methane or other gas capable of decomposing and carburizing the surface of the can, the carburized surface being designated 13.
  • a hydrocarbon gas atmosphere such as acetylene, ethylene, methane or other gas capable of decomposing and carburizing the surface of the can, the carburized surface being designated 13.
  • the appearance of the carburized can or container is that of a graphite integral with the metal so that it withstands abrasion in handling and has the electrochemical potential to the depolarizer equivalent to carbon.
  • the carburizing of the surface reduces the contact resistance between the container and the depolarizer and increases the ash current of this cell.
  • titanium containers can be used and carburized by the same process.
  • the container for or other metal member contacting a reversible depolarizer or cathode element may be in the form of a pressed iron or nickel sintered powder 3 which can be carburized by exposure to a hydrocarbon gas at high temperature such as 100() to l200 C.
  • a hydrocarbon gas at high temperature such as 100() to l200 C.
  • teachings of this invention are applicable to similar alkaline cells having other depolarizers, such as HgO. It is also applicable to alkaline cells employing anodes of cadmium.
  • An electric current producing cell comprising a steel container, a carburized surface integral with the inner surface of said container, the cathode depolarizer consisting preponderantly of a material taken from the class consisting of M1102 and HgO closely tting in said container and in contact with said carburized surface, an electrolyte, an anode and an electrolyte absorbing spacer between said cathode and anode.
  • a cell according to claim 1 wherein said material is HgO.
  • a cell according to claim 1 wherein said cathode comprising a hydroxide of one of the metals potassium, sodium and lithium and a carburized surface on said container in contact with the cathode.
  • An electric current producing cell comprising a steel container, a carburized surface on the inside surface thereof, a cathode depolarizer in intimate contact with said carburized surface, an anode and an alkaline electrolyte.
  • An electric current producing cell comprising a metal member, a carburized surface on the surface of said member, an oxygen yielding depolarizer consisting preponderantly of a material taken from the class consisting of MnO2 and HgO in intimate contact with said carburized surface, an anode and an electrolyte.
  • a cell according to claim 10 wherein said member is steel.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
US649065A 1967-06-06 1967-06-06 Electric current producing cell having depolarizer in intimate contact with carburized surface of the container Expired - Lifetime US3485675A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US64906367A 1967-06-06 1967-06-06
US64906567A 1967-06-06 1967-06-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3485675A true US3485675A (en) 1969-12-23

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ID=27095531

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US649065A Expired - Lifetime US3485675A (en) 1967-06-06 1967-06-06 Electric current producing cell having depolarizer in intimate contact with carburized surface of the container

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3485675A (en:Method)
BE (1) BE716087A (en:Method)
FR (1) FR1567747A (en:Method)
GB (1) GB1200418A (en:Method)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3861962A (en) * 1970-06-19 1975-01-21 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Dry cell
US5447809A (en) * 1984-08-21 1995-09-05 Rayovac Corporation Alkaline primary battery containing coated current collector
US5814419A (en) * 1995-09-01 1998-09-29 Rayovac Corporation Alkaline manganese dioxide electrochemical cell having coated can treated with sodium silicate
US6153330A (en) * 1995-09-01 2000-11-28 Rayovac Corporation Alkaline manganese dioxide electrochemical cell having coated can treated with silicon compounds

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL76085A0 (en) * 1984-08-21 1985-12-31 Ray O Vac Corp Alkaline primary battery containing coated current collector

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2481539A (en) * 1943-05-10 1949-09-13 Ruben Samuel Method of making depolarizer units for alkaline primary cells
US3066179A (en) * 1961-04-28 1962-11-27 Ruben Samuel Electric current producing cell
US3332802A (en) * 1964-11-05 1967-07-25 Mallory & Co Inc P R Electric current producing cell

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2481539A (en) * 1943-05-10 1949-09-13 Ruben Samuel Method of making depolarizer units for alkaline primary cells
US3066179A (en) * 1961-04-28 1962-11-27 Ruben Samuel Electric current producing cell
US3332802A (en) * 1964-11-05 1967-07-25 Mallory & Co Inc P R Electric current producing cell

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3861962A (en) * 1970-06-19 1975-01-21 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Dry cell
US5447809A (en) * 1984-08-21 1995-09-05 Rayovac Corporation Alkaline primary battery containing coated current collector
US5814419A (en) * 1995-09-01 1998-09-29 Rayovac Corporation Alkaline manganese dioxide electrochemical cell having coated can treated with sodium silicate
US6153330A (en) * 1995-09-01 2000-11-28 Rayovac Corporation Alkaline manganese dioxide electrochemical cell having coated can treated with silicon compounds

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1200418A (en) 1970-07-29
DE1771530A1 (de) 1972-02-03
BE716087A (en:Method) 1968-12-04
FR1567747A (en:Method) 1969-05-16
DE1771530B2 (de) 1972-08-24

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