US3485319A - Exhaust gas converter or muffler tube with staggered louvers - Google Patents

Exhaust gas converter or muffler tube with staggered louvers Download PDF

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US3485319A
US3485319A US692360A US3485319DA US3485319A US 3485319 A US3485319 A US 3485319A US 692360 A US692360 A US 692360A US 3485319D A US3485319D A US 3485319DA US 3485319 A US3485319 A US 3485319A
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Prior art keywords
tube
holes
exhaust gas
staggered
louvers
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Expired - Lifetime
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US692360A
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Robert N Balluff
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Walker Manufacturing Co
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Walker Manufacturing Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1838—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly characterised by the type of connection between parts of exhaust or silencing apparatus, e.g. between housing and tubes, between tubes and baffles
    • F01N13/1844—Mechanical joints
    • F01N13/185—Mechanical joints the connection being realised by deforming housing, tube, baffle, plate, or parts thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1838—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly characterised by the type of connection between parts of exhaust or silencing apparatus, e.g. between housing and tubes, between tubes and baffles
    • F01N13/1844—Mechanical joints
    • F01N13/1855—Mechanical joints the connection being realised by using bolts, screws, rivets or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N3/2846—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration specially adapted for granular supports, e.g. pellets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/08—Granular material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/20—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by mechanical joints, e.g. by deforming housing, tube, baffle plate or parts thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/22—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by welding or brazing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/24—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by bolts, screws, rivets or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of exhaust gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/02—Tubes being perforated
    • F01N2470/04—Tubes being perforated characterised by shape, disposition or dimensions of apertures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of exhaust gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/06—Tubes being formed by assembly of stamped or otherwise deformed sheet-metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of exhaust gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/10—Tubes having non-circular cross section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of exhaust gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/24—Concentric tubes or tubes being concentric to housing, e.g. telescopically assembled

Definitions

  • FIGURE 1 is a longitudinal cross-section through an exhaust gas catalyst converter embodying the invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a cross-section taken along the line 22 of FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is an enlarged plan view of a blank partly broken away, which may be rolled up into the center tube of the converter of FIGURE 1.
  • the converter 1 has an outer shell 3 which is preferably oval in cross-section and which has one end closed by an inlet header 5 and the other end closed by an outlet header 7.
  • the inlet header 5 has an inlet opening 9 which is surrounded by a relatively thick pad 11 containing threaded holes 13 whereby a flanged exhaust pipe may be bolted to the converter to deliver exhaust gas to the opening 9.
  • the outlet header has an outlet 15 which is surrounded by a relatively thick metal ring 17 which contains threaded openings 19 for attachment to the flange of a tail pipe for conducting gases away from the converter 1.
  • a perforated gas flow tube 21 which is rolled up from a blank 23, the opposite edges 25 of the blank being interlocked in a lock seam 27.
  • One end of the center tube 21 is located inside of the pad 11 and the other end is supported in a cup-shape recess 29 in an imperforate transverse partition 31 that is secured by spot-welding to the end of a shell 33 that surrounds and is coaxial with the tube 21.
  • Diametrically opposite sides of the shell 33 are in engagement and spot-welded to diametrically opposite sides of the shell 3 as seen at 35 and 37.
  • the annular chamber 39 between the tube 21 and the shell 33 may be subdivided into subchambers by means of transverse partitions 41 and 43 but the inner diameter of these partitions is preferably somewhat larger ice than the outer diameter of the tube 21 as seen at 45.
  • a restrictor partition 47 Inside of the tube 21 is fixed a restrictor partition 47.
  • the unit 1 is adapted to be a catalyst converter and for this purpose the chamber 39 is filled with suitable catalyst pellets.
  • Gas entering the inlet 9 can flow radially through any of a large number of perforations 49 in the center tube 41 to pass through a catalyst bed which will be formed by the catalyst pellets in the chamber 39.
  • the shell 33 is formed from end to end with a great number of louvers 51 so that gas leaving the catalyst bed can flow into chamber 53 or chamber 55 on opposite sides of the shell 33. The gas from both of these chambers flows to an end chamber 57 and out of the unit through the outlet 15.
  • tube 21 is formed from a blank 23 which contains rectangular holes 49 in great number extending from end to end of the tube. It is seen in FIGURE 3 the holes 49 are formed in rows 59 and 61, 63, etc. which extend in planes at right angles to the axis of the tube 21.
  • the holes 49 in each row are uniform in size and shape and in alignment with each other and uniformly spaced from one another. Their major dimensions (length) extends parallel to the tube axis.
  • the holes in adjacent rows, as row 61 compared with rows 59 and 63 are staggered or off-set by a distance which is preferably /2 their width.
  • the edge 65 of hole 49 in the row 61 is in longitudinal alignment with the mid-plane of the adjacent holes 49 in the rows 59 and 63.
  • the result of this hole arrangement is that stresses associated with rolling of the blank 25 into a tube 21 are absorbed by a greater length of metal along the diagonals 67 between corners of holes in adjacent rows and a substantially fracture-free tube can be produced by rolling up the blank 25.
  • a gas flow conduit for use in an exhaust gas treating assembly or the like comprising a metal tube having a longitudinal seam extending along its entire length and parallel to the axis of the tube, and a plurality of rows of holes in the tube, each row being transverse to the seam and axis of the tube and containing a plurality of substantially identical, substantially rectangular holes, said holes in each row being substantially uniformly spaced from and aligned with each other, adjacent transverse rows of holes being transversely offset so that longitudinally adjacent holes are staggered and the longitudinal edges of holes in one transverse row are aligned with mid-portions of the holes in the adjacent transverse rows.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Description

Dec. 23, 1969 R. N. BALLUFF EXHAUST GAS CONVERTER OR MUFFLER TUBE WITH STAGGERED LOUVERS Filed Dec. 21, 1967 M far/viva.
United States Patent O 3,485,319 EXHAUST GAS CONVERTER R MUFFLER TUBE WITH STAGGERED LOUVERS Robert N. Ballutf, Rives Junction, Mich., assignor to Walker Manufacturing Company, Racine, Wis., a corporation of Delaware Filed Dec. 21, 1967, Ser. No. 692,360 Int. Cl. F02m 35/00; F0111 1 /08, 7/18 U.S. Cl. 181-35 1 Claim ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A perforated tube of the type used in automotive exhaust gas converters or mufliers is formed by perforating flat metal stock and rolling it into a tube. The holes are arranged in transverse rows with respect to the tube axis and the holes in each row are uniform and aligned. However, the holes in adjacent rows are staggered and this eliminates or minimizes tearing across the holes during roll-up.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is the purpose of this invention to provide a hole or louver pattern for a rolled-up tube in which the holes are arranged to avoid fracture during manufacture of the tube.
This is accomplished by staggering the holes in adjacent transverse rows so as to obtain maximum distance between corners of the holes and minimize planes of weakness.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIGURE 1 is a longitudinal cross-section through an exhaust gas catalyst converter embodying the invention;
FIGURE 2 is a cross-section taken along the line 22 of FIGURE 1; and
FIGURE 3 is an enlarged plan view of a blank partly broken away, which may be rolled up into the center tube of the converter of FIGURE 1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The converter 1 has an outer shell 3 which is preferably oval in cross-section and which has one end closed by an inlet header 5 and the other end closed by an outlet header 7. The inlet header 5 has an inlet opening 9 which is surrounded by a relatively thick pad 11 containing threaded holes 13 whereby a flanged exhaust pipe may be bolted to the converter to deliver exhaust gas to the opening 9. The outlet header has an outlet 15 which is surrounded by a relatively thick metal ring 17 which contains threaded openings 19 for attachment to the flange of a tail pipe for conducting gases away from the converter 1.
Inside of the shell 3 and in alignment with the inlet opening 9 is a perforated gas flow tube 21 which is rolled up from a blank 23, the opposite edges 25 of the blank being interlocked in a lock seam 27. One end of the center tube 21 is located inside of the pad 11 and the other end is supported in a cup-shape recess 29 in an imperforate transverse partition 31 that is secured by spot-welding to the end of a shell 33 that surrounds and is coaxial with the tube 21. Diametrically opposite sides of the shell 33 are in engagement and spot-welded to diametrically opposite sides of the shell 3 as seen at 35 and 37. The annular chamber 39 between the tube 21 and the shell 33 may be subdivided into subchambers by means of transverse partitions 41 and 43 but the inner diameter of these partitions is preferably somewhat larger ice than the outer diameter of the tube 21 as seen at 45. Inside of the tube 21 is fixed a restrictor partition 47.
In use the unit 1 is adapted to be a catalyst converter and for this purpose the chamber 39 is filled with suitable catalyst pellets. Gas entering the inlet 9 can flow radially through any of a large number of perforations 49 in the center tube 41 to pass through a catalyst bed which will be formed by the catalyst pellets in the chamber 39. The shell 33 is formed from end to end with a great number of louvers 51 so that gas leaving the catalyst bed can flow into chamber 53 or chamber 55 on opposite sides of the shell 33. The gas from both of these chambers flows to an end chamber 57 and out of the unit through the outlet 15.
As already indicated, tube 21 is formed from a blank 23 which contains rectangular holes 49 in great number extending from end to end of the tube. It is seen in FIGURE 3 the holes 49 are formed in rows 59 and 61, 63, etc. which extend in planes at right angles to the axis of the tube 21. The holes 49 in each row are uniform in size and shape and in alignment with each other and uniformly spaced from one another. Their major dimensions (length) extends parallel to the tube axis. However, the holes in adjacent rows, as row 61 compared with rows 59 and 63, are staggered or off-set by a distance which is preferably /2 their width. Thus, the edge 65 of hole 49 in the row 61 is in longitudinal alignment with the mid-plane of the adjacent holes 49 in the rows 59 and 63. The result of this hole arrangement is that stresses associated with rolling of the blank 25 into a tube 21 are absorbed by a greater length of metal along the diagonals 67 between corners of holes in adjacent rows and a substantially fracture-free tube can be produced by rolling up the blank 25.
Modifications may be made in the structure illustrated Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. While the invention has been disclosed for an exhaust gas converter, it is apparent that it can he used With exhaust gas mufilers or other gas flow treating apparatus. It is evident that the parts described are preferably made of sheet steel or other suitable metal.
I claim:
1. A gas flow conduit for use in an exhaust gas treating assembly or the like comprising a metal tube having a longitudinal seam extending along its entire length and parallel to the axis of the tube, and a plurality of rows of holes in the tube, each row being transverse to the seam and axis of the tube and containing a plurality of substantially identical, substantially rectangular holes, said holes in each row being substantially uniformly spaced from and aligned with each other, adjacent transverse rows of holes being transversely offset so that longitudinally adjacent holes are staggered and the longitudinal edges of holes in one transverse row are aligned with mid-portions of the holes in the adjacent transverse rows.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,038,309 4/ 193 6 Oldberg. 2,066,467 1/ 1937 Gray. 2,182,204 12/ 1939 Hector. 2,251,369 8/ 1941 Moss. 2,251,880 8/1941 Cary et a1. 2,642,147 6/ 1953 Dearing.
ROBERT S, WARD, JR., Primary Examiner U.S. Cl. X.R. 18154, 61, 63, 72
US692360A 1967-12-21 1967-12-21 Exhaust gas converter or muffler tube with staggered louvers Expired - Lifetime US3485319A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3612215A (en) * 1970-07-27 1971-10-12 Tenneco Inc Multilouvered roughness silencer
US3613828A (en) * 1970-07-27 1971-10-19 Tenneco Inc Multilouver roughness silencer
US3651888A (en) * 1970-07-24 1972-03-28 Tenneco Inc Multi-pass muffler
US3680660A (en) * 1970-07-27 1972-08-01 Tenneco Inc Multi-louvered roughness silencer
US3903987A (en) * 1973-02-20 1975-09-09 Tenneco Inc Muffler housing
US5387398A (en) * 1993-12-03 1995-02-07 Aerojet General Corporation Supercritical water oxidation reactor with wall conduits for boundary flow control
EP3650662A1 (en) * 2018-11-12 2020-05-13 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany GmbH Sound absorber

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2038309A (en) * 1934-07-25 1936-04-21 Oldberg Sidney Silencer
US2066467A (en) * 1935-11-27 1937-01-05 Emmet P Gray Muffler
US2182204A (en) * 1937-04-19 1939-12-05 Buffalo Pressed Steel Company Silencing the exhaust of internal combustion engines
US2251880A (en) * 1936-04-24 1941-08-05 Hayes Ind Inc Muffler and silencer construction
US2251369A (en) * 1939-05-03 1941-08-05 Walker Mfg Co Silencer
US2642147A (en) * 1951-10-03 1953-06-16 United States Steel Corp Baffle type silencer with a buffer chamber

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2038309A (en) * 1934-07-25 1936-04-21 Oldberg Sidney Silencer
US2066467A (en) * 1935-11-27 1937-01-05 Emmet P Gray Muffler
US2251880A (en) * 1936-04-24 1941-08-05 Hayes Ind Inc Muffler and silencer construction
US2182204A (en) * 1937-04-19 1939-12-05 Buffalo Pressed Steel Company Silencing the exhaust of internal combustion engines
US2251369A (en) * 1939-05-03 1941-08-05 Walker Mfg Co Silencer
US2642147A (en) * 1951-10-03 1953-06-16 United States Steel Corp Baffle type silencer with a buffer chamber

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3651888A (en) * 1970-07-24 1972-03-28 Tenneco Inc Multi-pass muffler
US3612215A (en) * 1970-07-27 1971-10-12 Tenneco Inc Multilouvered roughness silencer
US3613828A (en) * 1970-07-27 1971-10-19 Tenneco Inc Multilouver roughness silencer
US3680660A (en) * 1970-07-27 1972-08-01 Tenneco Inc Multi-louvered roughness silencer
US3903987A (en) * 1973-02-20 1975-09-09 Tenneco Inc Muffler housing
US5387398A (en) * 1993-12-03 1995-02-07 Aerojet General Corporation Supercritical water oxidation reactor with wall conduits for boundary flow control
EP0656321A1 (en) * 1993-12-03 1995-06-07 Aerojet-General Corporation Supercritical water oxidation reactor with wall conduits for boundary flow control
EP3650662A1 (en) * 2018-11-12 2020-05-13 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany GmbH Sound absorber

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