US348159A - Boiler or digester for reducing wood and other paper-stock - Google Patents
Boiler or digester for reducing wood and other paper-stock Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US348159A US348159A US348159DA US348159A US 348159 A US348159 A US 348159A US 348159D A US348159D A US 348159DA US 348159 A US348159 A US 348159A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- boiler
- stock
- acid
- paper
- enamel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title description 8
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 19
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002645 boric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010338 boric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000375 direct analysis in real time Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012063 dual-affinity re-targeting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000000037 vitreous enamel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
- F28F13/185—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings
- F28F13/187—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings especially adapted for evaporator surfaces or condenser surfaces, e.g. with nucleation sites
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S220/00—Receptacles
- Y10S220/917—Corrosion resistant container
Definitions
- Our invention relates to apparatus for treating wood and other stock capable of being reduced to paper-pulp by the various acid or acid-sulphite processes, and will be fully set forth hereinafter.
- Our invention therefore, has for its objects to overcome the difficulties heretofore experi enced; and it consists in lining or covering the various vessels, &e., used in the acid or acid-sulphite processes for reducing wood and other stock to paper-pulp, with an elastic and acid resistant enamel, as will be hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which is represented a sectional view of a boiler or digester and the heating-pipes constructed in accordance with our invention.
- the boiler is composed of a series of united sections, A, and head-plates B, said parts being of any suitable diinulsions, and consisting of iron, steel, or other suitable metal, as may be preferred, said sections and the head-plates being respectively provided with flanges a 1) Serial No.196.300. (No model.)
- enamel O is for the purpose of insulating the metal composing the boiler from the acids employed or generated in the process of reducing stock to paper-pulp, otherwise these acids would corrode and destroy said boiler, and at the same time the resultant chemical action would stain and ruin the stock.
- the enamel is applied to the sections A and headplates B in a liquid state,and these parts when dried are placed in a inuffle and heated to a degree sufficient to fuse said enamel but not to melt the metal of which said parts are composed.
- the sections A is applied to the sections A and headplates B in a liquid state,and these parts when dried are placed in a inuffle and heated to a degree sufficient to fuse said enamel but not to melt the metal of which said parts are composed.
- Heat may be applied to the boiler in various ways; but in the present instance we have shown a continuous bent pipe, E, located in said boiler and suitably connected to exterior feed and exhaust pipes, F G, the latter having stop-cocks cf.
- the pipe E is provided at its terminations with extensions or feetg and is exteriorly coated with enamel H after the manner above de scribed.
- the central portions of the pipe extensions or feet 9 rest upon the coated surface of the lower head-plate,and the outer portions ICO enamel, and between the flange h of said cover and head-plate is interposed a lead gasket, L,
- this coating and gasket being for the purpose above described. Not only is this coating or lining of acid-resisting enamel applicable to the boiler or digestcr apparatus for reducing paper-stock, but it is equally applicable to the tank and connections thereof for holding and fitoring the acids used in such operation.
- heating-pipe E is made in a single piece bent at the top, it will be understood that in certain cases we propose to make the pipe in sections 'with flanges united similarly to the boiler-flanges, with interposed lead gaskets, it being necessary of course to use non-corrodible bolts or to have their projecting surfaces enameled.
- the digester may be provided with an exterior heating-jacket in lieu of (or in addition to) the inner heatingpipes, E.
- the latter are first subjected to an acid bath to remove rust, scale, &c., and then the said parts are scoured with sand and then rinsed off, and next put into a bath of hot lime water, and then taken out and dried. The parts are then sponged off and the firstcoating of the enamel applied. The parts are thendried on top of a large range made therefor, so as to revent oxidation. after which the parts are p aced in a hot mufile and the first coating of enamel fused.
- the parts are removed from the muflle and allowed to cool, after which the second coating of enamel is applied, the parts again dried on the range, and then again put into the mnflle,and the said second coating of enamel is similarly fused.
- ⁇ Ve do not confine our to any especial enamel, but may use any vitreous enamel possessing the qualities of elasticity and resist.
- a suitable composition for the above-named first coating consists of, say, five parts of lime, ten parts of fluor-spar, five parts of sal-soda, fifty parts of white sand or flint, fifty parts of litharge, and twenty parts of boracic acid, all mixed and fused together, after which it is ground and mixed with water into a consistency like very thin paint.
- the ingredients above described may be used, with the addition of ten parts of boneash, five parts of talc, and four, parts of kryolite, similarly mixed together and melted into a liquid glass by strong heat, run into water, and then taken out and ground very fine, and then mixed with water and applied as before.
- a boiler or digester composed of enamellined sections suitably united to form tight joints impervious to acids, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Description
(No Modl.)
H. A. FRAMBAGH, R. P. DART & A. J. VOLLRATH. BOILER 0R DIGEST-ER FOR RBDUGING W001) AND OTHER PAPER STOCK.
Aug
III Ill/IA 0 mr m- -m w w 1 I ram; a3 a N. PETERS, Photo-Ulhugmphar, Washing'nn D. Q
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIC HENRY A. FRAMBAOH AND ROSWELL P. DART, OF KAUKAUNA, AND ANDREWV J. VOLLRATH, OF SHEBOYGAN, \VISOONSIN.
BOILER 0R DIGESTER FOR REDUClNG WOOD AND OTHER PAPER-STOCK.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 348,159, dated August 24, 1886.
Application filed December 21, 1585.
To all whom it 71mg concern:
Be it known that we, HENRY A. FRAMBAOH and RoswELL P. DART, both of Kaukauua, in the county of Outagamie, and in the State of Wisconsin, and ANDREW J. VOLLRATH, of Sheboygan, in the county of Sheboygan, in said State, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers or Digcsters for Reducing \Vood and other Paper-Stock; and
'we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.
Our invention relates to apparatus for treating wood and other stock capable of being reduced to paper-pulp by the various acid or acid-sulphite processes, and will be fully set forth hereinafter.
Previous to our invention it has been usual to line the boilers or digesters for cooking the material in the process of reduction with sheet-lead; but this lead lining has proved insufficient for the purpose, owing to the fact that it will not expand and contract equally with the vessel, thereby becoming puckered and liable to crack, and thus permitting the acid to come in contact with theiron or steel composing said'vessel, thus acting disastrous] y on the latter, and also, by the chemical result of such contact, seriously impairing or absolutely ruining the stock contained therein. A lining of glazed bricks has also been used in connection with the lead lining, but the same objections are pertinent to such lining as apply to those composed entirely of lead.
Our invention, therefore, has for its objects to overcome the difficulties heretofore experi enced; and it consists in lining or covering the various vessels, &e., used in the acid or acid-sulphite processes for reducing wood and other stock to paper-pulp, with an elastic and acid resistant enamel, as will be hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which is represented a sectional view of a boiler or digester and the heating-pipes constructed in accordance with our invention.
The boiler is composed of a series of united sections, A, and head-plates B, said parts being of any suitable diinulsions, and consisting of iron, steel, or other suitable metal, as may be preferred, said sections and the head-plates being respectively provided with flanges a 1) Serial No.196.300. (No model.)
and interiorly coated with enamel O. This enamel is for the purpose of insulating the metal composing the boiler from the acids employed or generated in the process of reducing stock to paper-pulp, otherwise these acids would corrode and destroy said boiler, and at the same time the resultant chemical action would stain and ruin the stock. The enamel is applied to the sections A and headplates B in a liquid state,and these parts when dried are placed in a inuffle and heated to a degree sufficient to fuse said enamel but not to melt the metal of which said parts are composed. The sections A. and head-plates B of the boiler, having been enameled as above described, are united by suitable bolts, a, passed through their flanged portions a b, lead gaskets D being introduced between the opposing flanges in order to form a tight and acid-resisting joint. The enamel, when properly prepared, has the same quality of resisting the action of acid as is possessed by fine glass,and
will expand and contract with the metal c0mposing the boiler as heat is applied without cracking or puckering. Not only are the interior surfaces of the boiler-sections and headplates coated with the enamel, but this coating is extended so far around on the flanges of the respective parts as to permit the lead gaskets to be placed between the enameled surfaces, as shown at (7.
Heat may be applied to the boiler in various ways; but in the present instance we have shown a continuous bent pipe, E, located in said boiler and suitably connected to exterior feed and exhaust pipes, F G, the latter having stop-cocks cf. In this construction the pipe E is provided at its terminations with extensions or feetg and is exteriorly coated with enamel H after the manner above de scribed. The central portions of the pipe extensions or feet 9 rest upon the coated surface of the lower head-plate,and the outer portions ICO enamel, and between the flange h of said cover and head-plate is interposed a lead gasket, L,
this coating and gasket being for the purpose above described. Not only is this coating or lining of acid-resisting enamel applicable to the boiler or digestcr apparatus for reducing paper-stock, but it is equally applicable to the tank and connections thereof for holding and fitoring the acids used in such operation.
' .Although we have shown the heating-pipe E as being made in a single piece bent at the top, it will be understood that in certain cases we propose to make the pipe in sections 'with flanges united similarly to the boiler-flanges, with interposed lead gaskets, it being necessary of course to use non-corrodible bolts or to have their projecting surfaces enameled.
When more convenient, the digester may be provided with an exterior heating-jacket in lieu of (or in addition to) the inner heatingpipes, E.
In the process of applying the enamel to the metallic parts to be coated therewith the latter are first subjected to an acid bath to remove rust, scale, &c., and then the said parts are scoured with sand and then rinsed off, and next put into a bath of hot lime water, and then taken out and dried. The parts are then sponged off and the firstcoating of the enamel applied. The parts are thendried on top of a large range made therefor, so as to revent oxidation. after which the parts are p aced in a hot mufile and the first coating of enamel fused. After this fusion takes place the parts are removed from the muflle and allowed to cool, after which the second coating of enamel is applied, the parts again dried on the range, and then again put into the mnflle,and the said second coating of enamel is similarly fused.
\Ve do not confine ourselves to any especial enamel, but may use any vitreous enamel possessing the qualities of elasticity and resist.
auce to acid.
A suitable composition for the above-named first coating consists of, say, five parts of lime, ten parts of fluor-spar, five parts of sal-soda, fifty parts of white sand or flint, fifty parts of litharge, and twenty parts of boracic acid, all mixed and fused together, after which it is ground and mixed with water into a consistency like very thin paint. For the second coating the ingredients above described may be used, with the addition of ten parts of boneash, five parts of talc, and four, parts of kryolite, similarly mixed together and melted into a liquid glass by strong heat, run into water, and then taken out and ground very fine, and then mixed with water and applied as before.
In this present case we do not claim either the process or compositions above described, but reserve them as the subject-matter of future applications for Letters Patent.
We are aware that casks have been lined with porcelain and that it is not new, broadly, to enamel parts of iron vessels, and such we do not claim; but,
Having thus fully described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-
1. In the manufacture of paper from wood or other stock by an acid or acid-sulphite pro cess, a boiler or digester composed of enamellined sections suitably united to form tight joints impervious to acids, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. In the manufacture of paper from wood or other stock by an acid or acid-sulphite process, a sectional boiler or digester having its metallic portions insulated by a coating of elastic and acid resistant enamel, and its joints rendered. acid-proof by the interposition of lead gaskets, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
3. In the manufacture of paper from wood or other stock by an acid or acid-sulphite process, a boiler composed of suitable metallic sections and head-plates provided with flanges and internallylined with an acid-proof enamel,
in combination with lead gaskets designed to.
be interposed between the opposing flanges of the respective parts, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
4. In the manufacture of paper from wood or other stock by an acid or acidsulphite pro- HENRY A. FRAMBACH. ROSWELL P. DART, ANDREW J. VOLLRA'IH.
Witnesses:
E. O. GRIsWoLD, D: J. BROTHERS.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US348159A true US348159A (en) | 1886-08-24 |
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US348159D Expired - Lifetime US348159A (en) | Boiler or digester for reducing wood and other paper-stock |
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- US US348159D patent/US348159A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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