US3478231A - Generator for currents in the order of mega-amperes through the use of explosives - Google Patents

Generator for currents in the order of mega-amperes through the use of explosives Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3478231A
US3478231A US551655A US3478231DA US3478231A US 3478231 A US3478231 A US 3478231A US 551655 A US551655 A US 551655A US 3478231D A US3478231D A US 3478231DA US 3478231 A US3478231 A US 3478231A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
explosive
conductor
wall
load
transmission line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US551655A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Heinz Knoepfel
Fritz Herlach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
European Atomic Energy Community Euratom
Original Assignee
European Atomic Energy Community Euratom
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by European Atomic Energy Community Euratom filed Critical European Atomic Energy Community Euratom
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3478231A publication Critical patent/US3478231A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
    • H02N11/002—Generators
    • H02N11/004—Generators adapted for producing a desired non-sinusoidal waveform

Definitions

  • a device for generating intense electrical currents through explosive compression of magnetic flux comprising a conductor shaped to form a compression chamber, load transmission lines, a wall separating the load from the compression chamber, whereby an explosion of said chamber reduces the inductance of the system.
  • the present invention concerns a device which utilizes explosives as a source of energy for the creation of magnetic fields and of high intensity currents.
  • Various methods are known for the conversion of chemical energy of an explosion into electromagnetic energy.
  • the basic principle of these methods resides in compression through explosion of an electric conductor enclosing a magnetic field initially generated by conventional electric methods. In this process, the current of the system as well as the magnetic field which is tied in with it are notably amplified. In general, all these methods are destructive in the sense that each system ceases to exist after the creation of said magnetic field.
  • a system which utilizes the implosion of a metallic cylinder in order to compress the flux initially enclosed therein, said implosion occurring as a result of a cylindrical explosive charge placed upon the external surface of said metallic cylinder.
  • the present invention is based upon an electrical system in which a current I (generated by a bank of condensers) produces a flux according to the formula:
  • L is the initial inductance of-the circuit.
  • Said system is compressed by the action of a chemical explosive in such a manner as to diminish the inductance of said circuit. Supposing that in this transformation, the magnetic flux which is enclosed remains constant, a supposition which is rigorously valid only for perfect conductors, the reduction of the inductance in the system must be followed by an increase of the current since it follows that:
  • 'y is called the compression co-efiicient and in practice may achieve values from 100 to 200.
  • E L1 L0 This in practice, signifies that the work performed by the explosive is transformed into electromagnetic energy, that is' the electromagnetic energy which finally results is given or obtained from the product of the compression factor and the initial electromagnetic energy.
  • the device according to the invention is constituted by a conductor body disposed in a manner to form successive lyi a compression chamber (in contact with which there is placed the explosive), a transmission line and a load, said load being separated from said compression chamber by means of the transmission line extending through a protective wall which is between said load and saidchamber, said compression chamber assuring the closing of the electrical circuit during the occurrence of the explosion in such a manner as to permit the reduction of the inductance in said circuit.
  • the conductor body is constituted by two flat parallel metallic conductor walls which converge at one end into one end of the transmission line nearest the load and are connected at the other end by a fiat metallic end conductor wall and by the source of initial current, appropriate means being provided for the initial closing of the circuit through said source, and wall and parallel walls.
  • the conductor body is constituted by two coaxial metallic cylinders electrically connected at one end through the source of initial current, the external cylinder converging at its other end towards the internal cylinder so as to form therewith the coaxial transmission line and toroidal load.
  • the explosive is placed in an internal cavity in the compression chamber.
  • FIGURE 1 is presented an embodiment of the device according to the invention, wherein the conductor is constituted by a fiat lamina of copper shaped in a manner so as to form in continuous manner the system circuit;
  • FIGURE 2 is illustrated a variation of the invention wherein the conductor body is constituted by a series of coaxial cylinders;
  • FIGURE 3 there is illustrated another embodiment of the invention wherein the explosive is placed internally of the compression chamber.
  • the subject device shown in FIGURE 1 in lateral view, is constituted by a cavity 1, wherein occurs the implosion, delimited by two parallel metallic walls 2, for example, in flat copper having a thickness of 1 mm. which act as conductors for the initial current as well as containers and compressors of the magnetic flux; at one end said walls converge at 3 into one end of transmission line 4 which is remote from load 5 and continue parallel and nearer to each other along the transmission line which extends between the compression chamber 1 and the load 5.
  • the two metallic walls 2 are an integral part of the electrical circuit, schematically represented in the figure, into which there is discharged the condenser bank 9, by means of the switch 8.
  • a metallic lamina 10 appropriately shaped so as to assure the closing of the electrical circuit at the initial instant of implosion.
  • the explosive 6, of the plastic type, is placed externally along the walls 2 and 3 and possess a variable thickness between 0.4 and 1.6 cm.
  • the detonation is primed simultaneously, for example by two detonators 14 in such a manner as to have the initial current I at the maximum when, following the detonation, the system closes upon itself by means of the shaped lamina conductor 10.
  • the dash lines 11 and 12 represent the walls 2 deformed by the shock wave in two successive instances of the implosion.
  • the protective wall 13, properly disposed out of contact with and spaced from the explosive, provides safeguarding of the load 5 and the various measuring apparatus connected thereto from the effects of the implosion.
  • the detonators 14 are located at the end of the compression chamber which is remote from load 5 in order to effect primarily a closing of the circuit and thereafter a progressive compressing of the flux chamber without interrupting the electrical circuit. This applies to all embodiments.
  • FIGURE '2 is represented in section a variation of the invention in which the device is constituted by an assembly of coaxial cylinders 15 and 16 extending along the transmission line 4, cylindrically symmetrical and terminating at the load 5 which is of toroidal shape.
  • the explosive 6 externally surrounds the cylindrical surface 15 as well as the truncated conical surface 17 and is primed by detonators 14 located at the base of cylinder 15.
  • a circular ring bottom 10' assures the closing of electrical circuit at the initial instant of implosion.
  • FIGURE 3 there is represented in section another variation of the invention wherein the explosive 6 is placed in a cavity 18 internally of the compression chamber.
  • the dash lines 11 and 12 in FIGURE 3 represent two successive deformations of wall 18 at successive stages of the explosion initiated by detonator 14. Wall 18, thereby maintains a closed electrical circuit during the occurrence of the explosion. Walls 2 in FIGURE 3 remain substantially unaffected by the explosion.
  • a device for generating electric currents in the order of mega-amperes said device being of the type wherein a magnetic fiux is compressed through the action of explosives and comprising: an electrical circuit including a conductor body, a source of initial current connected to said body, and a transmission line connected directly to said body for transmitting current from said body to a load, said conductor body defining a flux compression chamber within which magnetic flux is induced by current flow through said circuit, an explosive arranged relative to said conductor body whereby detonation of said explosive deforms said body in a direction whereby there occurs a compression of the magnetic flux within said chamber, a protective wall spaced from and out of contact with said explosive isolating said body on one side of said wall, said transmission line passing through said wall, said conductor body comprising two parallel spaced apart conductor wall converging at one end thereof into one end of said transmission line, said body and said explosive being so arranged that upon detonation of said explosive there occurs a compression of said flux from an end of said body progressively towards
  • a device for generating electric currents in the order of mega-amperes said device being of the type wherein a magnetic flux is compressed through the action of explosive and comprising: an electrical circuit includ ing a conductor body, a source of initial current connected to said body, and a transmission line connected directly to said body for transmitting current from said body to a load, said conductor body defining a flux com pression chamber within which magnetic flux is induced by current flow through said circuit, an explosive arranged relative to said conductor body whereby detonation of said explosive deforms said body in a direction whereby there occurs a compression of the magnetic flux within said chamber, a protective wall spaced from and out of contact with said explosive isolating said body on one side of said wall, said transmission line passing through said wall, wherein said conductor body comprises two parallel spaced apart conductor walls converging at one end thereof into one end of said transmission line, a flat conductor wall at the other end of said parallel walls and extending therebetween and being electrically in series with said parallel walls and
  • a device for generating electric currents in the order of mega-amperes said device being of the type wherein a magnetic flux is compressed through the action of explosives and comprising: an electrical circuit including a conductor body, a source of initial current connected to said body, and a transmission line connected directly to said body for transmitting current from said body to a load, said conductor body defining a flux compression chamber within which magnetic flux is induced by current flow through said circuit, an explosive arranged relative to said conductor body whereby detonation of said explosive deforms said body in a direction whereby there occurs a compression of the magnetic flux within said chamber, a protective wall spaced from and out of contact with said explosive isolating said body on one side of said wall, said transmission line passing through said wall, wherein said conductor body comprises two concentrically spaced apart conductor cylinders electrically connected together at one end thereof by means of said source of initial current, at the other end the external one of said cylinders converging towards the internal one and thereafter continuing parallel therewith as a co
  • said explosive is arranged internally of said body whereby it is surrounded by said flux chamber, said explosive being contained in an inner wall portion of said body which is surrounded by an outer wall portion thereof, said flux compression chamber being defined between said inner and outer wall portions, said outer wall portion being substantially undeformable while said inner wall portion is adapted to deform outwardly towards said outer Wall portion and progressively from one end of said body towards said converging Walls.

Landscapes

  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
US551655A 1965-05-22 1966-05-20 Generator for currents in the order of mega-amperes through the use of explosives Expired - Lifetime US3478231A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT1131265 1965-05-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3478231A true US3478231A (en) 1969-11-11

Family

ID=11134994

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US551655A Expired - Lifetime US3478231A (en) 1965-05-22 1966-05-20 Generator for currents in the order of mega-amperes through the use of explosives

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3478231A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1150289A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6606975A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3878409A (en) * 1973-06-21 1975-04-15 Artec Ass Inc Explosively driven electric power generation system
US4121123A (en) * 1977-03-17 1978-10-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Explosively driven plasma current generator
US4370576A (en) * 1962-02-21 1983-01-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Electric generator
US4372214A (en) * 1980-09-08 1983-02-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Explosive auto-enhancement device
US4376901A (en) * 1981-06-08 1983-03-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Magnetocumulative generator
US4430577A (en) 1982-02-04 1984-02-07 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique High voltage electromagnetic pulse generator
US4594521A (en) * 1984-11-15 1986-06-10 Schlicher Rex L Repeatable explosive-driven pulse generator system and method
USH148H (en) 1984-07-05 1986-11-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Shock electromechanical energy converter with permanent magnet
US7009350B1 (en) 2004-02-13 2006-03-07 Great Systems, Inc. Energy collection and storage system
US20070000376A1 (en) * 2005-06-09 2007-01-04 Calico Steve E Explosive-driven electric pulse generator and method of making same

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2224337A (en) * 1937-03-30 1940-12-10 Akron Standard Mold Co Method of making tire molds
US3113272A (en) * 1961-09-06 1963-12-03 Utah Res & Dev Co Inc Amplifying by short-circuiting conductive loop
US3225227A (en) * 1962-07-02 1965-12-21 Mb Assoc Miniature magnetohydrodynamic generator
US3254564A (en) * 1963-12-04 1966-06-07 Aerojet General Nucleonics Magnetic gradient particle accelerator
US3295412A (en) * 1963-12-04 1967-01-03 Aerojet General Co Magnetic gradient particle accelerator
US3356869A (en) * 1963-11-15 1967-12-05 Aerojet General Co Single pulse power generator

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2224337A (en) * 1937-03-30 1940-12-10 Akron Standard Mold Co Method of making tire molds
US3113272A (en) * 1961-09-06 1963-12-03 Utah Res & Dev Co Inc Amplifying by short-circuiting conductive loop
US3225227A (en) * 1962-07-02 1965-12-21 Mb Assoc Miniature magnetohydrodynamic generator
US3356869A (en) * 1963-11-15 1967-12-05 Aerojet General Co Single pulse power generator
US3254564A (en) * 1963-12-04 1966-06-07 Aerojet General Nucleonics Magnetic gradient particle accelerator
US3295412A (en) * 1963-12-04 1967-01-03 Aerojet General Co Magnetic gradient particle accelerator

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4370576A (en) * 1962-02-21 1983-01-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Electric generator
US3878409A (en) * 1973-06-21 1975-04-15 Artec Ass Inc Explosively driven electric power generation system
US4121123A (en) * 1977-03-17 1978-10-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Explosively driven plasma current generator
US4372214A (en) * 1980-09-08 1983-02-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Explosive auto-enhancement device
US4376901A (en) * 1981-06-08 1983-03-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Magnetocumulative generator
US4430577A (en) 1982-02-04 1984-02-07 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique High voltage electromagnetic pulse generator
USH148H (en) 1984-07-05 1986-11-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Shock electromechanical energy converter with permanent magnet
US4594521A (en) * 1984-11-15 1986-06-10 Schlicher Rex L Repeatable explosive-driven pulse generator system and method
US7009350B1 (en) 2004-02-13 2006-03-07 Great Systems, Inc. Energy collection and storage system
US7205732B1 (en) 2004-02-13 2007-04-17 Great Systems, Inc. Energy collection and storage system
US20070000376A1 (en) * 2005-06-09 2007-01-04 Calico Steve E Explosive-driven electric pulse generator and method of making same
US7690288B2 (en) * 2005-06-09 2010-04-06 Lockheed Martin Corporation Explosive-driven electric pulse generator and method of making same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6606975A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1966-11-23
GB1150289A (en) 1969-04-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3478231A (en) Generator for currents in the order of mega-amperes through the use of explosives
US5059839A (en) Explosive magnetic field compression generator transformer power supply for high resistive loads
US3328656A (en) Reciprocating motor control system for motors having high q solenoid coils
US7560855B2 (en) Ferroelectric energy generator, system, and method
US3356869A (en) Single pulse power generator
CN101793485A (zh) 无电枢爆磁压缩发生器
RU2040108C1 (ru) Спиральный магнитокумулятивный генератор
WO2004107524A2 (en) Electromagnetic pulse device
US3225227A (en) Miniature magnetohydrodynamic generator
US3484627A (en) Explosive pulse generator
US4372214A (en) Explosive auto-enhancement device
US4121123A (en) Explosively driven plasma current generator
US3203211A (en) Tubing fabrication
USH148H (en) Shock electromechanical energy converter with permanent magnet
US3564305A (en) Method and apparatus for creating pulsed magnetic field in a large volume
Nagayama et al. Explosive‐driven magnetic flux cumulation by the propagation of shock‐compressed conductive region in highly porous metal powders
RU2164052C2 (ru) Устройство для получения и преобразования импульса электромагнитной энергии
US2425767A (en) Apparatus for converting electrical condenser discharges into mechanical power
US2706786A (en) Spark excited oscillator
JPH0421375A (ja) 爆薬発電機
WO2021006938A2 (en) Title: permanent magnet seed field system for flux compression generator
US3367158A (en) High-power workpiece-forming method
Bazanov Helical magnetocumulative generators with magnetic flux amplification: Comparative advantages of amplification schemes and the operational efficiency of generators with dynamic transformation
SU455716A1 (ru) Размыкатель цепи индуктивного накопител
SU266100A1 (ru) Взрывомагнитньш генератор