Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
  • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
  • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
  • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
  • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
  • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
  • C22C32/0036—Matrix based on Al, Mg, Be or alloys thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
  • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
  • C23C4/06—Metallic material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
  • C23C4/18—After-treatment
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
  • Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
  • Y10S428/94—Pressure bonding, e.g. explosive
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T29/00—Metal working
  • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
  • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
  • Y10T29/49982—Coating

Definitions

• This invention relates to a process for improving ductility of metal-oxide composite materials or dispersed phase alloys and specially concerns aluminum-alumina composite material.
• the aluminum-alumina composite material generally used is sintered Al-Al O a metallurgical composite of the dispersed phase alloy type, which offers multiple advantages for various purposes, such as for example, canning material for fuel elements of certain types of nuclear reactors.
• This material is prepared principally in the following way: a powder of aluminum is partially oxidized to A1 0 The part of weight of A1 0 in the oxidized powder can vary from 2% to 20%. The oxidized powder is first cold compacted and then sintered to form an ingot or billet.
• the compacted powder is degassed; the sintered ingot or billet is then metallurgically processed, by way of at least one extruding process, in order to achieve the needed properties of a semi-finished or finished product.
• the elongation before rupture is about 0.5%.
• the value of elongation at rupture A which generally is less than 1% for Al-AlgOg materials of different oxide content too, is very representative of the very low creep ductility of the material.
• composite material Al-Al O containing from 2% to 20% of weight of alumina, of improved ductility, principally creep ductility, is obtained by a process which, according to the present invention, is characterized in that an ingot or billet. is produced from Al-Al O -powder or -wire by metal-projection or spraying of the same onto a basis body, and that the billet is then submitted to metallurgical transformation, by mechanical working in order to achieve the final mechanical properties for semi-finished or finished products.
• Use can be made of oxidized powders A1-Al O or alternatively of semi-finished sintered hot compacted composite material Al-Al O the latter being previously reduced from the original diameter of a bar or an ingot or a billet to fires of a small diameter by way of wire-extrusion and following wire-drawin operations.
• the diameter size of the wires obtained from ingots is comprised between 70 and 20 mm., to be used for the metal projection is comprised between 1 and 10 mm.
• the metal projection is carried out at a distance varying from 50 mm. to 250 mm. from the basis body.
• the projection direction can vary from perpendicular to parallel with respect to the bodys axis, the parallel direction being preferred.
• the projection should be executed at a temperature of about at least 800 C. and within strictly limited projection periods of some seconds, or preferably less than one second.
• the prepared billet is to be submitted to thermal degassing and oxide stabilization in a vacuum furnace.
• the semi-finished or finished products as bars, smooth or finned clads (with right or straight or helicoidal fins) are particularly obtained by metallurgical operations as known for usual production, comprising for instance extrusion and eventually drawing with intermediate annealing.
• Embodiments 1 and 2.-4% Al-Al O 7% Al-Al O A first ingot or billet of sintered AlAl O material with 4% r 7% of alumina, obtained by normal fabrication, having a diameter of 70 mm. was wire-extruded at a temperature of about 570 C. through a die to obtain mm. diameter bars and then these bars were wire-drawn at room-temperature to provide in 3 or 4 runs 3 mm. diameter Wires.
• Oxygen (O flow rate 50 liters/minute.
• Projection direction At a right angle to the axis of the billet in preparation.
• the projection operation was stopped when a billet had been obtained with a thickness of about 2 cm. sufiicent to permit its working by means of a lathe in order to obtain an entirely cylindrical surface.
• the degassed billet was then extruded through a die at 520 C. to provide 20 mm. diameter bars.
• Container diameter 70 mm.
• Container temperature 500 C.
• Die temperature 480 C.
• Extrusion ratio 12.3
• Embodiment 3. (7% Al-AI O projected on Al-tube)
• the transformation of the basis material into wire, and the operating conditions during metal projection are the same as described'above for the first and second embodiment of the invention.
• projection was carried out on a rotating Al-tube (10/ .70 rev./min.) until a billet of about 70 mm. outer diameter was obtained.
• This billet was turned then on a lathe to provide a 68.4 mm. outer diameter by a 25.75 mm. inner diameter. Further, this billet was degassed in a vacuum furnace (10* mm. Hg) at a temperature of 600 C. during 20 hours.
• the degassed billet tube was then extruded through a die at 575 C. to deliver a helical finned tube.
• Container diameter 70 mm.
• Container temperature 550 C.
• Die temperature 540 C.
• Extrusion ratio 25
• Embodiment 4. (7% Al'Algoa projected in parallel to the billets axis) Also in this case, the wire-extrusion and the operating conditions during projecting correspond to the above quoted data. But whereas in the case of the first three embodiments of the invention, projection was carried out perpendicularly to the billets axis, this time, projection was carried out more or less in parallel to said axis onto a disc rotating at 30 rev./min. In that way, a massive billet was prepared of 70 mm. diameter and 120 mm. of length. The billet was turned down on a lathe to 68.4 mm. diameter and mm. of length. Then the billet Was degassed in the same way as described for the other cases.
• the elongation before rupture was about 2.5%.
• a method for producing dispersed phase alloys of improved ductility composed of a metal and an oxide of that metal comprising pulverizing the metal, partially oxidizing the resultant powder, metal-spraying the partially oxidized product on a basis body, said spraying being carried out at a distance varying from 50 mm. to 250 mm. from the basis body at a temperature of at least 800 C. with time of flight periods of not more than a few seconds thereby providing a billet, removing said billet from the body, and then submitting said billet to mechanical working in order to obtain the final mechanical properties of the semi-finished or finished product.
• degassing and oxide stabilization is effected between 550 and 625 C. at a pressure between and 10- mm. Hg for periods of 10-30 hours.
• a method for producing dispersed phase alloys of improved ductility and composed of a metal and oxide of that metal comprising pulverizing the metal, partially oxidizing the resultant powder, cold pressing the oxidized powder, subjecting the compressed powder to a sintering and a vacuum heat treatment, hot pressing the material to form a billet, reducing said billet to wire by wire-extrusion and a wire-drawing, metal-spraying said wires on a basis body, said spraying being carried out at a distance varying from 50 mm. to 250 mm. from the basis body at a temperature of at least 800 C. with time of flight periods of not more than a few seconds thereby providing a billet, removing said billet from the body, and then submitting said billet to mechanical working in order to obtain the final mechanical properties of the semi-finished or finished product.
• degassing and oxide stabilization is efiected between 550 and 6-25 C. at a pressure between 10* and 10* mm. Hg for periods of 10'.30 hours.
• a process for producing dispersed phase alloys of improved-ductility which comprises mixing A1 powder and A1 0 powder, metal spraying the Al-Al O mixture upon a basis body, said spraying being carried out at a distance of from 50 mm. to 250 mm. from the basis body, at a temperature of a least 800 C., with time of flight periods of not more than a few seconds, thereby producing an alloy billet, stripping said billet from said body, heating said billet to a temperature of 550 C. to 625 C. at a pressure between 10'- and 10- mm. Hg for from 10 to 30 hours to degassify and stabilize the alloy thereof, and then mechanically working said billet to develop the mechanical properties of a semi-finished or finished product.
• a method according to claim 9, wherein the metal oxide content of the mixture is from 2 to 20% by weight.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
• Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

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Citations (2)

• 1965
  • 1965-06-29 GB GB27568/65A patent/GB1148504A/en not_active Expired
• 1966
  • 1966-06-28 DE DE19661533242 patent/DE1533242A1/de active Pending
  • 1966-06-28 ES ES0328474A patent/ES328474A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1966-06-28 LU LU51422A patent/LU51422A1/xx unknown
  • 1966-06-28 IL IL26051A patent/IL26051A/xx unknown
  • 1966-06-29 AT AT622762A patent/AT273514B/de active
  • 1966-06-29 US US561376A patent/US3476614A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1966-06-29 NL NL6609043A patent/NL6609043A/xx unknown
  • 1966-06-29 CH CH939766A patent/CH510476A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (2)

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